research work after mbbs

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How to Pursue Research After MBBS?

Are you pursuing your MBBS degree and aspiring to do research in your field? Does research attract you more than practicing medicine? If yes, you might be confused about how to pursue research after completing your MBBS. Have you heard of Dr. V. Shanta? She was an oncologist who served as the chairperson of Chennai’s Adyar Cancer Institute and had devoted her professional life to studying and treating cancer. Her contributions to oncology have won her praise on a national and international level. This blog will explore various ways to clear your confusion regarding research after MBBS.

In this blog, we will discuss:

Should you do research after MBBS?
What are the opportunities?
What Path to Follow?

Should You Do Research After MBBS?

Once you realize you want to do research after MBBS, you must try to know your interests and what exact field you want to go into. You should not consider dropping your MBBS degree but complete it with good experience and knowledge. After you’ve earned your MBBS degree, you can move forward to your chosen field of medicine and research in it. Research after MBBS offers an exciting journey for individuals looking for a less-traveled road. You will not just diagnose and treat patients but help in advancing medical knowledge and the healthcare system. You can work on filling gaps in present medical practices, identifying novel treatments, and improving medical science overall.

What are the Opportunities?

After your MBBS, you can pursue various research paths, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The following are some typical categories of available research opportunities:

Clinical Investigations-

It involves looking at the safety and efficacy of medical procedures performed on human individuals. For example, this category includes observational studies, clinical trials, and research evaluating the results of medical interventions.

Basic Science Research-

Research in basic science aims to comprehend basic biological, chemical, and physical processes at the molecular and cellular levels. Examples include studies conducted in the fields of basic science, such as pharmacology, biochemistry, and genetics.

Epidemiological Research-

You can examine specific groups’ trends, causes, and health and illness outcomes. For example examining risk factors, disease prevalence, and the results of public health initiatives.

Research on Health Services-

To increase the effectiveness of healthcare services, you can work with various governmental organizations dedicated to healthcare. You will study how healthcare is accessible, provided, and paid for. Some examples include researching health policy analysis, healthcare delivery models, and system evaluations.

Research on Global Health-

You can take a worldwide approach to health issues, frequently concentrating on illnesses without geographical boundaries. Research on global health policy, health inequities, and infectious illnesses are a few examples.

Research on Behaviour and Psychiatry: Looks into human behavior, mental health issues, and the effects of psychological variables on health. Examples include research on behavioral therapies, mental health treatments, and the neuroscience of psychiatric diseases.
Research on Health Informatics: Investigate how information technology can be used in healthcare to enhance communication, data management, and patient care. Examples include studies on healthcare data analytics, telemedicine, and electronic health records.
Research on Drug and Pharmaceutical Development: Concentrates on creating and evaluating novel drugs and treatments. Examples include pharmacological investigations, safety and efficacy studies, and clinical trials for novel medications.

What Path to Follow?

The path to research after MBBS is relatively straightforward but challenging. You should complete your MBBS degree with good grades and experience and then begin your research journey. Here are some important points:

Find Your Passion: What ignites the fire within you? Finding your area of interest in medicine to study is the first step to a successful research career.
Make Contact with Mentors: Speak with researchers who can offer you advice. Mentors contribute their experiences and ideas and may even uncover doors you never knew existed. You will also remain updated on the latest developments in your field.
Examine Doctorate Programs: For aspiring researchers, universities and research centres offer postgraduate programs. Seeking a PhD will help you expand your knowledge and abilities. Institutes like AIIMS Delhi provide excellent PhD programs in medical sciences. You need to clear their entrance exam, followed by a personal interview. It is better to keep checking their official website for the latest updates on eligibility criteria and exams. You can also prepare for exams like GATE and try getting into the best research institute in India, IISc Bangalore. Check out this blog to know how to get a PhD in IISc.
Immerse Yourself in Conferences: Last but not least, participate in seminars and conferences about your area of interest. It’s not just about learning; it’s also about forming a network and interacting with like-minded people to advance your research.

Conclusion:

Getting into research after MBBS is a change of field, which won’t be very easy at first. But if you are really serious and passionate about your dream, you must work hard to make it a reality. Accept the challenge, connect with mentors, and follow your curiosity to lead you on an ongoing journey of learning and development. It is really great if you are following a different path and that too of research. This path is a dynamic investigation of the always-changing field of medical knowledge rather than a straight route. We wish you a very good luck!

Ques: What are the career options in Biology?

Ans: You can become a doctor, biologist, microbiologist, etc. Check out this blog to know in depth.

Ques: What are the career options other than NEET?

Ans: Check out this blog to know more about NEET.

Ques: How can I do research in Biotechnology?

Ans: Biotechnology is an emerging field combining biology with engineering. Check out this blog to know in depth about biotechnology.

Ques: Can I become a biologist in India?

Ans: Yes, there are many opportunities to become a biologist in India. Check out this blog to know more about such opportunities.

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Clinical Research After MBBS: Career Opportunities

October 31, 2022

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Indeed, the majority of us enroll in medical school with the hope of becoming excellent doctors and life savers. Often, our mental image is that of a doctor frantically performing CPR or a surgeon successfully tackling a challenging operation. However, the field of medicine encompasses a broad spectrum of roles and responsibilities beyond these intense and critical moments. Whether it’s delivering compassionate bedside care or conducting groundbreaking research, each healthcare professional plays a vital role in advancing medicine and making a positive impact on people’s lives.

As aspiring doctors, we are driven by the desire to alleviate suffering, promote health, and serve our communities with dedication and empathy. However, there are many additional ways you can support and enhance patient care, beyond the adrenaline rush of emergencies and surgeries. Moreover, as a medical student, you can undoubtedly participate in clinical research even though you are unlikely to ever have the opportunity to give CPR or even prepare for surgery.

What exactly is clinical research?

Indeed, clinical research, as a branch of healthcare science, delves into investigating the safety and efficacy of drugs, equipment, diagnostic products, and treatments for human consumption. This rigorous examination of medical interventions is crucial to ensure that they are safe and effective before being made available to patients. By conducting well-designed clinical trials and studies, researchers can gather reliable data to make evidence-based decisions, leading to improved patient outcomes and the advancement of medical knowledge. The insights gained from clinical research play a significant role in shaping media In doing so, it plays a crucial role in determining the best methods for disease prevention and treatment.

Indeed, a Clinical Research Investigator is someone who conducts clinical research and has completed clinical research courses. Additionally, the area of Clinical Research is often separated into three key sections: pre-clinical research, clinical research, and post-marketing surveillance. Each segment plays a vital role in advancing medical knowledge, ensuring drug safety, and improving patient care. Furthermore, these distinct phases work cohesively to ensure that new medical interventions undergo rigorous testing, scrutiny, and monitoring before they are made available to the public, thereby safeguarding patient well-being and contributing to the overall progress of healthcare.

Patient-oriented research, basic research, and applied research.
Epidemiologic and behavioral studies
Health-care research

When the Indian government specified that each pharmaceutical should only be introduced into the market after a clinical researcher has examined it, the need for clinical researchers skyrocketed. According to recent surveys, around 60,000 healthcare experts are necessary to make this rule a reality.

Diploma in Clinical Research

This curriculum is specifically designed to assist aspiring candidates in learning about the bioethics that occur in a hospital or clinic. Moreover, students who enroll in a clinical research diploma program gain advanced knowledge about the clinical research industry, which significantly enhances their intelligence and skills, ultimately leading to greater exposure in the field. The program covers a wide range of topics, including the latest technologies, safety strategies, and practical applications.

Indeed, a Clinical research course after MBBS in India is thoughtfully designed to develop quality clinical research analysts with the necessary skill set to work effectively in clinics and hospitals.

By combining theoretical learning with practical application, this program empowers students to actively engage in the research process and make significant contributions to the advancement of medical science. Furthermore, the program’s emphasis on cultivating critical thinking and problem-solving skills enables students to tackle complex research questions with confidence and precision. As a result, graduates emerge well-prepared to navigate the dynamic landscape of medical research and drive innovation in the field. As a result, graduates from this course are well-prepared to make significant contributions to the advancement of healthcare and patient outcomes.

Job Opportunities

Recent changes to regulations have had a significant effect on the life of a Clinical Research Investigator. Additionally, the Clinical Research field, which currently boasts a business growth of 250 crores, is projected to soar to around 5000 crores within the next few years.

Consequently, a career in this field can help investigators end up with a good income, comparable to that of a doctor.

Several research sectors have opened job opportunities for clinical investigators, including Pharma Industries, Biotech Companies, and Research Laboratories. The following types of Clinical Research positions are available:

Clinical Research Associate (CRA)
Clinical Research Coordinator (CRO)
Counsellors
Clinical Research Managers (CRM)
Project Manager

How can I pursue a career in clinical research?

Clinical research associates coordinate the collection, distribution, and storage of data obtained during clinical trials. The responsibilities associated with this role, however, are numerous.

1. Developing and writing clinical trial protocols

2. Create forms and templates for data collection.

3. Cooperate with the Ethics Committee to ensure that trials are conducted in an ethical manner

4. Establish trial sites, ensure trials are conducted in accordance with procedures and regulations.

6. Inform patients, doctors, and other personnel about the trial. Conduct trials at various sites and review data for regulatory submissions

7. Prepare presentations, reports, and manuscripts for publication

What makes clinical research an attractive career option to you?

Clinical research is a branch of science that seeks new and better ways to cure diseases and improve people’s overall quality of life. Clinical trials have enabled researchers to discover cures for diseases once thought incurable. A career in clinical research allows you to contribute to this noble cause while also making a difference in the lives of others. Furthermore, Clinical Research is an industry with a wide range of professions. You can work in the field, conduct clinical trials, in a corporate office, or in research coordination. This provides you with numerous job possibilities to pick from. Another element that makes this a desirable career path is that it pays well even at the beginning level.

How can I get started as a clinical research associate?

As an MBBS with a medical background, you can try to gain some understanding of clinical research by completing any courses, such as a diploma or other relevant courses. If you already have some clinical research experience, consider applying and trying to attend CRO walk-ins. By doing so, you will have the opportunity to start as a new employee if you pass the interview. This approach can be an excellent way to leverage your existing expertise and secure a position in the clinical research industry.

Opportunities available in clinical research after MBBS ?

Clinical Research is in high demand in the pharmaceutical industry. If you pick Clinical Research, you can work in the following positions:

1. Principal Investigator

2. As Co-investigator

3. As Medical Advisor

4. As Drug Developer

5. As Regulatory Affairs Manager

6. As Clinical Research

7. Physician Technical Writer

Which is a better professional path?

A medical studies coordinator (CRC), commonly referred to as a clinical trial manager, plays a pivotal role in all types of medical studies. Moreover, they frequently work under the supervision of the principal investigator (PI), who is responsible for planning, participating in, and managing the clinical study from a high level.

It is therefore the CRC’s responsibility to support, guide, and arrange daily scientific trial activities. Clinical study coordinators also assist the department, sponsor, and institution with compliance, financial, and personnel issues. The CRC is responsible for administering the day-to-day medical operations, sports supervising, and carrying out delegated obligations to appropriate events as the manager of clinical research.

Additionally, they play a pivotal role in coordinating and overseeing various aspects of clinical trials, ensuring compliance with protocols, and fostering effective communication between research teams, participants, and healthcare professionals.

With their multifaceted skill set and attention to detail, CRCs contribute significantly to the smooth functioning and successful execution of clinical research studies, ultimately advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care.

To summarise, MBBS is a large field with a lot to offer. However, it requires hard work, careful planning, and the ability to choose the best alternative. Given the importance of MBBS, students should select the top Diploma that adds value to their medical knowledge.

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What to Do After MBBS

Completing an MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) degree is a significant milestone, marking the culmination of years of hard work, dedication, and rigorous training. However, it also signifies the beginning of a new phase in a medical professional's career, one filled with numerous opportunities and paths to explore. Deciding what to do after MBBS can be daunting, given the plethora of options available. This blog will explore the various career paths, higher education opportunities, and alternative career options for MBBS graduates.

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Career Paths for MBBS Graduates

Clinical Practice
General Practitioner (GP): Many MBBS graduates choose to start their careers as general practitioners. GPs provide primary healthcare services, diagnose and treat common illnesses, and refer patients to specialists if needed.
Specialization: Pursuing a specialty in a specific field of medicine through postgraduate courses is a popular choice. This involves enrolling in a residency program and obtaining a degree such as MD (Doctor of Medicine) or MS (Master of Surgery). Specializations include cardiology, neurology, pediatrics, gynecology, and more.
Higher Education and Research
MD/MS/DNB: These are advanced degrees that allow doctors to specialize in a specific area of medicine. An MD (Doctor of Medicine) or MS (Master of Surgery) typically takes three years to complete. DNB (Diplomate of National Board) is another option for specialization, which is recognized across India.
PhD: For those interested in research and academia, pursuing a PhD in a medical or related field can be a rewarding path. This involves in-depth research and contributes to advancements in medical science.
Healthcare Administration
MBA in Healthcare Management: Combining medical knowledge with business skills, an MBA in Healthcare Management prepares doctors for leadership roles in hospitals, clinics, and healthcare organizations.
Hospital Administration: Graduates can also pursue courses in hospital administration, which focuses on the management and operation of healthcare facilities.
Public Health
MPH (Master of Public Health): This degree is ideal for those interested in public health policies, community health, and preventive medicine. It prepares graduates for roles in public health organizations, NGOs, and government agencies.
Epidemiology: Specializing in epidemiology involves studying the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. Epidemiologists play a crucial role in public health planning and response.
Teaching: MBBS graduates can pursue a career in academia by teaching at medical colleges and universities. This involves educating future doctors and conducting research in various medical fields.
Medical Writing and Publishing: Medical graduates can also become medical writers, contributing to medical journals, textbooks, and online platforms.
Alternative Medicine
Integrative Medicine: This approach combines conventional medicine with alternative therapies. MBBS graduates can pursue courses in integrative medicine to broaden their treatment approaches.
Ayurveda/Homeopathy/Unani: Some doctors choose to specialize in alternative medicine systems, combining traditional practices with modern medical knowledge.

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Alternative Career Options

Medical Legal Advisor
Combining legal knowledge with medical expertise, medical legal advisors work with legal firms, insurance companies, and healthcare organizations to provide insights on medical cases and legal matters.
Medical Coding and Billing
This involves translating healthcare services into medical codes for billing and insurance purposes. It requires understanding medical terminology and healthcare regulations.
Pharmaceutical Industry
Clinical Research: MBBS graduates can work in clinical research, conducting trials to test new drugs and treatments.
Medical Representative: This role involves promoting pharmaceutical products to healthcare professionals and ensuring their proper use.
Health Informatics
This field focuses on the use of information technology to improve healthcare delivery. Health informaticians work on electronic health records, telemedicine, and data analysis to enhance patient care.
Medical Entrepreneurship
MBBS graduates with an entrepreneurial spirit can start their own clinics, healthcare startups, or telemedicine platforms, providing innovative solutions to healthcare challenges.

Deciding what to do after MBBS is a pivotal moment in a medical professional's career. The choices are vast and varied, allowing graduates to tailor their careers to their interests and strengths. Whether pursuing further specialization, exploring alternative career paths, or venturing into new and emerging fields, MBBS graduates have the opportunity to make significant contributions to healthcare and society.

What Are The Most Common Career Paths After MBBS?

The most common career paths include clinical practice as a general practitioner, pursuing specialization through MD or MS, and roles in public health, healthcare administration, and academia.

How Long Does It Take To Complete An MD Or MS After MBBS?

Completing an MD or MS typically takes three years after finishing the MBBS degree.

What Is The Role Of A General Practitioner?

General practitioners provide primary healthcare services, diagnose and treat common illnesses, and refer patients to specialists if necessary.

What Is The Scope Of Public Health For MBBS Graduates?

MBBS graduates can pursue careers in public health by obtaining an MPH degree, working with public health organizations, NGOs, and government agencies to improve community health.

Can MBBS Graduates Pursue Careers In The Pharmaceutical Industry?

Yes, MBBS graduates can work in clinical research, medical representation, and other roles within the pharmaceutical industry.

What Are The Benefits Of Pursuing An MBA In Healthcare Management After MBBS?

An MBA in Healthcare Management prepares MBBS graduates for leadership roles in healthcare organizations, combining medical knowledge with business skills.

Is Teaching A Viable Career Option For MBBS Graduates?

Yes, MBBS graduates can pursue a career in academia by teaching at medical colleges and universities, contributing to the education of future doctors and conducting research in various medical fields.

What Is Integrative Medicine And How Can MBBS Graduates Pursue It?

Integrative medicine combines conventional medicine with alternative therapies. MBBS graduates can pursue courses or certifications in integrative medicine to broaden their treatment approaches and offer holistic care to patients.

What Are The Opportunities In Health Informatics For MBBS Graduates?

Health informatics focuses on using information technology to improve healthcare delivery. Opportunities include working on electronic health records, telemedicine, data analysis, and developing health IT solutions.

Can MBBS Graduates Become Entrepreneurs In The Healthcare Sector?

Yes, MBBS graduates with an entrepreneurial spirit can start their own clinics, healthcare startups, telemedicine platforms, or other innovative healthcare solutions to address various healthcare challenges.

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Life after MBBS: Navigating Career Paths in Healthcare

MBBS is the most sought-after career option and it’s a field that never goes out of demand. If anything the medical field got an increased demand after the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Most MBBS graduates’ first preference is to do postgraduation in a specialty of their choice while others start working as duty doctors in hospitals.

While the most popular choice after an MBBS graduation is postgraduation the number of PG seats is limited and the process right from the entrance exam to getting admission into a college is tedious. There are however career options available for MBBS graduates in fields like hospital administration, public health, medical transcription, publishing industries, medical research, and pharma sectors.

Everybody has their own choice when it comes to planning their career path post MBBS, in case you are wondering what your plan should be after MBBS this article might be of some help to you.

Postgraduation

As mentioned, a postgraduation degree is on almost everyone’s list as a top choice after MBBS. A vast majority of graduates choose to do a specialization in a field of their choice to get in-depth knowledge in the specific field. Admissions to the postgraduate require one to appear for the NEET PG exam and qualify to appear for counseling. There are around 42,182 seats available on the whole including MD, MS, and Diploma seats combined.

2. Diploma of National Board

A Diploma from the National Board is a qualification equivalent to MD or MS. One can give DNB-CET exam after completion of MBBS including 1 year of residency and after receiving a provisional certificate. The eligibility criteria are a minimum of 50% in MBBS and should have cleared the entrance examination. The course includes 3 years of the residency program and one can choose the specialty they want to appear for. The DNB is equally recognized as MD or MS but you cannot work as a faculty member with DNB. DNB will be useful in case one is planning to work abroad.

3. International education or career option

Some people prefer or wish to practice abroad after MBBS. In such cases, one needs to appear for an eligibility examination in that country and apply for the residency program, and get accepted by one of them. Also one must keep in mind that in such conditions more preference is given to those with a postgraduate degree. One can also plan on doing an MS, MPH, or MD in a different country but should appear for the university entrance exams alongside eligibility exams.

4. Masters program in public health

Apart from pursuing a post-graduation degree, one can also plan on doing a master’s in the public health sector to work as a health strategist, or public health physician, or even plan on doing research after the PG.

5. Fellowship courses

Fellowship courses are like a supplement to your existing practice or degree and help you enhance your knowledge or skills. Fellowship courses unlike regular postgraduation take only a year or two at the maximum to finish. With the advent of technology now fellowship courses in Medical fields can be done online. Some of these courses however have a compulsory clinical rotation that will help students get the clinical exposure required in the field. After fellowship, however, a doctor won’t be labeled as a specialist but is rather called a fellow in the specific field. Also one has the advantage of being trained under and groomed by a specialist in that field.

6. Combined Medical Services

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts the combined medical services entrance exam to recruit medical officers for various central and state positions in the health service sector. Assistant Divisional Medical Officers in the railways to junior scale positions in the Central Health Services are all available. Each year, fewer than 1000 job openings are available, making this a highly competitive sector. Once chosen, you will work as a civil servant for the state or federal government in a medical or administrative role.

7. Defense services jobs

After completing your MBBS, you could opt to join the Armed Forces. When vacancies for these positions become available, they are frequently advertised. Before being assigned to the army, navy, or air force, candidates must go through an interview and following medical examinations. During your duty, you may be assigned to infantry units, army hospitals, or emergency services.

8. Work as a junior doctor or duty doctor

While specialty doctors are constantly in high demand, MBBS graduates are also approached in great numbers. Even if you lack a specialty, you can get work at private hospital companies such as Apollo, Fortis, and others. Non-specialized doctors are typically granted positions such as Assistant Medical Officer or Resident Medical Officer. Hospitals — Vacancies for junior and senior residents are constantly advertised in newspapers, as hospitals always look to increase the number of doctors on staff.

9. Government medical officers

Apart from UPSC, there are various exams held by state and central governments independently for the roles of General Medical Officers or Duty Medical officers. Usually, doctors recruited under these posts are posted in urban or rural PHCs and CHCs. There are also jobs available under NRHM in RBSK.

10. MBA in Hospital Administration or Healthcare Management

Medical MBA courses are identical to other MBA programs, except they are fully focused on the medical sector. MBA degrees are classified into three types: MBA in Health Administration, MBA in Healthcare Management, and MBA in Medical Management. Candidates are taught topics such as Hospital Administration, Healthcare Management, Operational Management, Finance Management, and so on. This path can lead to positions in pharmaceutical corporations, health insurance companies, and even hospital administration.

11. Research

For many students, research is the ultimate goal of their career. Clinical research typically entails some type of residency or practice, and numerous organizations such as the ICMR and AIIMS offer research programs. Students can pursue a Master of Public Health (MPH) or an MD in Preventive and Social Medicine, both of which can lead to actual research work, particularly if you collaborate with WHO. Additionally, one can pursue an MD in Pharmacology and work in the pharmaceutical industry, where medical research is in high demand.

12. Set up a clinic

You can open your clinic by yourself or with the help of other professionals. This solution is limited in scope because it takes a large sum of money in advance. You can seek financial assistance from family and friends, pool your resources with a group of doctors to join a multi-doctor clinic, or obtain a loan. Before you begin treating patients, you must also register your firm and obtain all relevant licenses.

Whichever career path one chooses, to advance in the medical field or learn about the most recent advancements one should always upskill. If unable to pursue an MD or DNB, then one can choose to do a fellowship. A fellowship helps you gain specialty-specific knowledge while getting clinical experience under a specialist. With ed-tech companies and the advent of technology taking up a fellowship course and getting certified isn’t a difficult job.

An MBBS graduate can choose to do a Fellowship course in any field from Emergency and Critical care medicine to Pediatrics and Gynecology & Obstetrics. The options are plenty of fellowship courses for an MBBS graduate.

Some of the more popular choices of fellowships for MBBS graduates are:

Fellowship in Pediatrics
Fellowship in Preventive Cardiology
Fellowship in Nephrology
Fellowship in Clinical Oncology
Fellowship in Diabetes Mellitus
Fellowship in Emergency Medicine
Fellowship in Intensive Care Medicine
Fellowship in Critical Care Medicine
Fellowship in Gastroenterology
Fellowship in Embryology
Fellowship course in 2D Echocardiography
Fellowship in Family Medicine
Fellowship in Internal Medicine
Fellowship in Clinical Nutrition
Fellowship in Clinical Cardiology
Fellowship in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fellowship in Pulmonology

Why Medvarsity?

Medvarsity is a healthcare ed-tech company that aims at bridging the knowledge gap among trained medical professionals to help them upskill and serve society better. Medvarsity offers courses for MBBS doctors, which are curated by top medical faculty members. The courses are self-paced and offer a case-based approach to the specific specialty or sub-specialty allowing practitioners to gain an in-depth understanding of the subject and bridge their knowledge gap. With this unique methodology, students consume relevant medical content while learning concepts through interactive case studies spread throughout the course.

Thus, students are provided with relevant specialty-specific cases and a clear structure for precise diagnosis and customized treatment plans on a case-to-case basis. Global institutions accredit these certification and fellowship courses. The candidates taking the course will also get firsthand clinical training towards the end of the course and will also get access to books and videos by McGraw Hill helping learners stay abreast with the latest advancements in the industry.

To know more about the benefits of Fellowship courses you can read this blog post.

If you wish to know more about the Fellowship courses by Medvarsity click here.

1: What is a Medical Fellowship

Written by Medvarsity

Medvarsity is Asia’s biggest medical services ed-tech organization offering on the web and mixed learning programs (Fellowships, Advanced Certificate Programs)

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Top 5 PhD Fields After MBBS 2023: Eligibility, Career Option

Princi Rai ,

Mar 4, 2024

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There are numerous disciplines to pursue PhD after MBBS are Biochemistry, Forensic Medicine, Cardiology, Physiology and Neurology. These eligibility criteria for these courses are Masters in respective fields.

Top 5 PhD Fields After MBBS 2023: Eligibility, Career Option

Some popular PhD fields after MBBS include biochemistry, cardiology, physiology, forensic medicine, neurology, biochemistry, etc. Students can check the course duration, course fee, and average salary they can expect after completion of the program.

Some popular job profiles in this field include Professors, Medical writers, Medical Scientists, Researchers, Medical and Health Service Managers, etc.

Table of Contents

PhD Courses After MBBS

Top phd courses after mbbs.

PhD in Biochemistry
PhD in Forensic Medicine
PhD in Cardiology
PhD in Physiology
PhD in Neurology

Eligibility Criteria for PhD in MBBS

List of postgraduate courses after mbbs, job profile in phd fields after mbbs, career options in phd fields after mbbs.

Many medical schools and colleges offer the PhD in Medicine and the Doctorate of Medicine. The course has been designed specifically for students who want to pursue medical research, giving them a more comprehensive understanding of the medical field.

The total duration of the program is around three to five years, depending on the college that offers PhD. These courses will help students learn about medical science and broaden their understanding of the medical field.

Also Read: CPS Course After MBBS: Scope, Salary, Eligibility

Some of the popular courses in PhD after MBBS are listed below, along with the program details, course fee, average salary and the course duration.

1. PhD in Biochemistry

The three-year post-graduate PhD in Biochemistry program, also known as the Doctor of Medicine in Biochemistry program, focuses on the structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances found in living systems. It combines physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry with biology.

It thoroughly examines the knowledge and science behind how living things get their energy from food, the chemical components of genetics, and the fundamental changes that occur in the human body when illness arises. This field of study has significance in the veterinary, dental, and medical areas.

Average Salary: INR 7 - 12 LPA

Course Duration: 3 Years

College Offering: Banaras Hindu University (BHU)

Average Course Fees: INR 42,000 to 12.3 Lakhs per year

Also Check : Top PhD Biochemistry Colleges in India

2. PhD in Forensic Medicine

The main objective of a PhD in forensic science is the study of living things, including humans. Additionally, the study of DNA copying in many organisms is covered in this course. Candidates who want to pursue forensic science research can apply for this course. The approach used in the Forensic Science course is analytical and rational.

It prepares students to investigate the cause of their mortality and conduct in-depth studies of the human body. After completing the course, the students will be qualified to research in the medical field. Professor, biomedical researcher, forensic scientist, forensic consultant, etc., are a few of the most popular careers among PhD candidates in forensic science.

Average Salary: INR 3 to 8 LPA

College Offering: Galgotias University

Average Course Fees: INR 48,000 to 1,60,000

Also Check : Top PhD Forensic Medicine Colleges in India 2023

3. PhD in Cardiology

The study of human cardiac disorders is known as cardiology. A PhD in Cardiology only enhances a student's level of proficiency in the subject after they have completed PG courses such as DM and MD in Cardiology and have a thorough understanding of the course. The disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and surgery are all covered in the PhD in Cardiology course.

This area of medicine, which focuses on the specialised field of cardiovascular science, allows students to enhance their field of study and provide patients with expert care. The course improves their ability to communicate with patients, putting them at ease and helping them understand the details.

Average Salary: INR 4 to 16 LPA

College Offering: All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Delhi

Average Course Fees: INR 20,000 to 2.80 lakhs

Also Read: Top 7 MBBS Alternative Courses in India 2023

4. PhD in Physiology

The PhD program in physiology is known as the Doctor of Philosophy in Physiology (PhD Physiology). The study of physiology covers how changes in the external environment affect these processes and how all aspects of molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ function relate to the overall operation of the organism.

The course covers physiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, biostatistics, and current topics in physiology research. In addition, it also allows students to create their own academic and research programs based on their interests. Psychologists, Scientists, Radiology Coders, psychotherapists, Counsellors, consultants, Teachers, Clinical Psychologists, Psychiatrists, Clinical Social Workers, etc., are some of the job options in this field.

Average Salary: INR 2.5 to 3.5 LPA

College Offering: Lady Hardinge Medical College ,

Average Course Fees: INR 20,000 and 5 lakhs

Also Read : Top PhD Physiology Colleges in India 2023

5. PhD in Neurology

This program gives students an in-depth knowledge of neuroscience by combining it with scientific research. The study involves neurology and related subjects in the field of neuroscience. The study of biology, which combines the study of health sciences, biochemistry, secondary sciences, and life sciences, is covered in this course.

Candidates can improve their communication, analysis, and diagnosis of critical illnesses with a doctorate in neuroscience. After completing a PhD program in neuroscience, students may seek domestic and overseas careers.

Students can work in fields such as genetic counselling centres, psychology centres, pharmaceutical companies, forensic science labs, etc., as neural engineers, computational neuroscientists, biotechnologists, database and databank managers, etc.

Average Salary: INR 3 to 7 LPA

College Offering: Jiwaji University

Average Course Fees: INR 3,20,000

Also Read: Top PhD Neuroscience Colleges in India 2023

The eligibility criteria for a PhD after MBBS for the candidates planning to pursue their medical career are listed below.

Applicants must have completed their MD/MS degree at a university recognized by the Medical Council of India with a minimum cumulative GPA of 50% or above.
Candidates with diplomas from the National Board (DNB) in any relevant field can also apply for admission.
Candidates can also apply for access to the program if they have completed their post-graduate course in physiology, anatomy, pharmacology, microbiology, biochemistry, and other relevant fields from an accredited university with a minimum CGPA of 50%.

Students can refer to the list of post-graduate courses that they can pursue after MBBS.

MCh in Surgical Gastroenterology
MS in Gynecology
MBA in Healthcare Management
MBA in Hospital Management
Masters in Public Administration
MS in Neurosurgery
MD in Anatomy
MD in Dermatology
MD in Biochemistry
MD in Forensic Medicine
MD in Radiodiagnosis
MS in Anatomy
MS in Orthopedics
Ms in Ophthalmology
MS in General Surgery
MS in Obstetrics & Gynaecology
MS in Microbiology
Masters in Medical Science & Technology
MD in Aerospace Medicine
MCh in Urology
Masters in Epidemiology
Masters in Hospital Administration
Master of Occupational Health and Safety Science
MD in Cosmetic surgery
MCh in Cardio-Thoracic Vascular Surgery

Also Read: PhD Admission 2024: Application, Eligibility, Exams, Colleges

Students can refer to the table below for different job profiles along with their average salary in the field of PhD after MBBS.

Job Profile in PhD Fields After MBBS

Hospital Administrator	INR 4 to 6 lakhs
Vocational Rehab Counsellor	INR 3 to 6 lakhs
Professors	INR 10 to 12 lakhs
Medical Writer	INR 3.5 to 5 lakhs
Biomedical Scientists	INR 2 to 3 lakhs
Medical Scientists	INR 6 to 7 lakhs
Researchers	INR 6 to 7 lakhs
Geneticist	INR 3.5 to 5 lakhs
Medical and Health Service Managers	INR 6 to 7 lakhs

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Alternate Career Options after MBBS

Career Options after MBBS – Candidates who are preparing for the medical entrance examination, come up with a complete plan to reach their goals but they often forget to consider what to do after MBBS. They either decide to join private or government jobs with some courses of particular specialization.

Since there is a wide variety of opportunities available after completing MBBS, they need to decide which is the one that matches their interests and life goals. Thorough research on all the options and preparing an action plan save you from confusion in the future. We will explore the various opportunities in the next section.

Courses to pursue after MBBS: Career Options after MBBS

Biomedical engineering.

It is suitable for candidates who are interested in machines as well as their mechanisms. It involves developing instruments that are used for rendering healthcare services in a better way.

MD/MS/Diploma:

MBBS graduates often choose a 3-year degree course or a 2-year diploma as their career path. It prepares a candidate to be a specialist doctor. Post-graduation can be done with different specializations such as general surgery, gynecology, internal medicine, pediatrics, and others. Entrance tests such as AIIMS PG, and NEET are conducted for admission to colleges in India for pursuing this. The super specializations available for MD holders are Doctor of Medicine, Cardiology, Neurology, and Nephrology. Similarly, the super specialization options available for MS holders are Master of Chirurgical(M.Ch), Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Urology, Trauma, and Orthopaedics.

Customary courses

Candidates who wish to pursue degrees in medicine from universities outside India, need to appear for a different set of entrance tests. The eligibility criteria is an MBBS degree or an equivalent from a recognized university. For example, to join colleges in the USA, the USMLE exam needs to be cleared by PG aspirants. Appearing for the AMC test and clearing it makes you eligible for a college in Australia. Then you can choose a specialization in MD, MS, or a diploma course.

Diplomate of National Board or DNB

This is another popular course for becoming a specialist doctor. The National Board of Examinations offers DNB, which has recognition from MCI. It is difficult to pass in DNB based on the hospital or course that you are pursuing. Also, the MD or MS candidates are given preference over DNB. Since the private hospitals generally offer the DNB course, you get less exposure compared to government hospitals, mainly in the surgical branches.

Clinical Research

There is a huge demand for clinical researchers in India. Research opportunities are offered by renowned colleges such as CIMAP, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and St. John’s Research Institute, and Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR). Candidates can even join WHO. They can pursue PhD in AIIMS, PGI, NIMHANS, and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai.

Masters in Public Health

Public health has a huge significance in a country’s overall development. For this, candidates can pursue a Master’s in Public Health and continue a career in the same.

M.Sc in different fields

MBBS graduates can pursue M.Sc in Anesthesia, Biochemistry, Anatomy, Forensic Medicine, ENT, Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Geriatrics, Aerospace Medicine, and others.

M.Tech in Biomedical engineering

MBBS graduates can pursue this course which is offered by the IITs. Those interested in investing in medical machines and instruments for enhancing the healthcare provided by the hospitals will find it interesting.

Masters in Medical Science and Technology or MMST

IITs offer this course and involve medical biotechnology, bioinformatics, healthcare imaging, and others.

Masters in Health Administration or MHA

This is a 3-year post-graduation degree in health administration.

This course enables students to develop skills for managing big speciality healthcare centres, insurance companies, and others. Jobs after this comes with very good pay.

Other career options after MBBS

Candidates who have a curiosity about the bleeding edge of medicine and want to study something beyond ordinary can opt for the following courses:

Doctors with MBA degrees are witnessing an increasing demand in pharma companies as well as private hospitals. This is the reason, premier MBA institutes like IIMs, IBS Hyderabad, MDI Gurgaon, FMS Delhi, and XLRI Jamshedpur take the medical graduates in their MBA program through the scores in CAT conducted every year.

Molecular Imaging and Image Analysis

Modern times have seen this gaining traction.

Biomaterials and Implants

It involves dealing with implementing and creating artificial organs for needy patients.

Regenerative Medicine

Though this seems to be fictional, it has a promising future,

Recent times have got significant attention to stem cells as these are meant for treating the underlying cause of disease.

Recombinant DNA Technology

This involves DNA cloning and restructuring.

Immuno-technology

It is an important arm of biotechnology that deals with the application of cells and molecules in the immune system. With it, there is the implementation of the immune vaccine for treating affected people on an industrial scale.

Technological advancements in the form of IoT enhance the importance of biosensors as they have a huge potential to identify the needs of an individual. The courses for learning on this are available abroad for which you need to clear the relevant entrance tests.

Job opportunities after MBBS

The various job opportunities open after MBBS are as follows

Junior doctor:

This is the primary role for any MBBS graduate which involves caring for the safety of patients and providing them proper healthcare.

This is the next stage after completion of the final year of residency and incubation period as a junior doctor. This involves caring for the patients independently, which makes you fit for jobs at prime healthcare organizations with good pay and position.

Candidates who are reluctant to be involved in the hustle of the emergency department will find a physician to be a good option. This involves exercising medical expertise for serving patients in conditions except for an emergency

Lecturer at a medical college

Candidates who are interested in the teaching profession can become a lecturer at any medical college. This is a lucrative career option but involves long hours of teaching. You can start as a junior and senior medical lecturer and later get into the position of medical professor that involves lesser working hours with better monetary benefits.

Researche r

There are dedicated research centres for different government agencies, medical institutions, and hospitals. Candidates interested in research work can work and be involved in medicine’s non-clinical side. The research is based on the needs of the current situation such as ongoing diseases, medicine for making progress in the healthcare field.

Government agencies, hospitals, and research institutes have the position of scientists open. The job involves efforts to help the world with discoveries and findings, some of which can bring a revolution too.

Medical writer

An MBBS candidate can work for institutes, hospitals, startups, journals, or any healthcare firm in the healthcare sector, for creating medical articles. They are the right candidates as they are aware of the medical terminology and can use them correctly based on the context. It lets a candidate express his wisdom and justify a brand’s cause and vision.

Healthcare Informatics

Candidates who are good with numbers can find this as an interesting career option. It involves dealing with medical knowledge as well as analytics, for reaching the peak of medical data analytics.

Defence services

Best fields for jobs after MBBS i ncludes a job in the army, navy, and air force. Just like the engineers, these jobs equally need the medicos. The defence ministry hires the MBBS candidates in army hospitals, infantry units, and emergency services. They are initially trained in military camps to ensure that they are in synchronization with the army personnel. Then they are appointed to a permanent position to assist the army and defence personnel during emergencies.

Hospital management:

Candidates who have completed MBBS and have management skills can opt for management roles in healthcare firms. This job role involves managing the regular services in healthcare centres to ensure better functionality. MBBS candidates who have completed additional management courses such as health administration and hospital management are often recruited for this position. It is because these courses equip them with skills that help them to better comprehend the issues and deal with the challenges by coming up with efficient processes.

Jobs in government health service department

This includes central as well as state government jobs in healthcare departments. Recruitment for these positions is done through the CMS( Combined Medical Services ) exam conducted by UPSC. On clearing the exam, candidates get jobs in government hospitals, dispensaries, railways, and municipal corporations. The jobs involve administrative tasks and are usually permanent positions.

Sports Medicine

There has been a rise in medical graduates opting for the sports industry as this has gained a large customer base with time. Sports are found to be going on throughout the year in different parts of the world. This increases the opportunities available for the candidates. You get a chance to travel and interact with famous athletes. It offers a good pay package also.

Entrepreneurship

Just like people from any other profession can practice entrepreneurship, so do MBBS graduates can if they come up with some good ideas or alternatives for an ongoing issue. You can use your knowledge and expertise for bringing a change. MBBS graduates often set up a consultancy firm for healthcare management or launch a new product line and services of their own. While doing so, they are willing to take up the responsibility of the result in their own hands.

Legal Medical Advisor

Special cases in courts often need the advice of medical experts. This includes finding the cause of death and the method used for committing a crime. All this helps in clearing the misconceptions and helps in arriving at a judgment easily. This makes it a viable job opportunity for MBBS graduates. The only drawback is the longer time duration it may take as the court cases lasts for months or even years

Forensic medical examiner

This is an interesting career opportunity open after completion of the MBBS course. The job involves dealing with the living and forensic pathologists who are trained for conducting medical examinations of the dead bodies.

Forensic Psychiatry

This job role is linked with criminology and is a subspecialty of psychiatry. It is associated with micro-legal study, dealing with the treatment of the criminal offenders who are mentally ill.

Transplant Coordinator

This job role deals with coordination activities related to donation and the transplantation of organs. Candidates hired for this role coordinate with the medical, non-medical, and paramedical personnel. They deal with different activities such as meeting with donors, and recipients after surgery and make the necessary follow-ups. Other medical and administrative tasks are also included in this job role.

Radiology or Diagnostic Imaging

This job role involves keeping on the top medical imaging programs to ensure adherence to correct professional standards. This includes CT scans, X-rays, MRI, and ultrasound.

Fellowship for MBBS graduates

This is a special case where you can practice as well as learn simultaneously. Certain short-term medical fellowships include those in Neonatology, GI Endoscopy, Andrology, Diabetes Management, and Ultrasonography in OBG.

The average salary package of the posts after MBBS

On completing an MBBS degree, students are often curious about the average salary they would earn. This depends on the knowledge and experience of an individual but the initial salary starts from INR Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 35,000 per month. On gaining experience, it increases to 8 to 10 lakh per annum. Working abroad in the medical field in the US, or the UK can also help in earning a handsome package.

Top industries that hire medical graduates

Here are the major industries besides hospitals, which need medical graduates:

Biomedical Companies
Health Centres
Laboratories
Medical Colleges
Medical Foundation/Trust
Non-Profit Organizations
Nursing Homes
Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies
Polyclinics
Private Practice
Research Institutes

Top recruiters for MBBS graduates

Companies that recruit MBBS graduates and offer them a lucrative package of 5-12 LPA based on their experience, look for skills such as interpersonal skills, analytical skills, decision-making skills, capability to handle stress, communicate efficiently, manage time, keep patience, and have the potential to handle the pressure for long hours. They also need to have leadership skills and good emotional intelligence.

These companies are:

Medanta Hospitals Fortis Healthcare Ltd
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd
Apollo Munich Health Industries Co Ltd
Sri Ganga Ram Hospital
Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre
Wockhardt Ltd
Apollo Hospitals Enterprises Ltd
Religare Health Insurance Company Ltd
Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals
All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Read – Issues faced by Medical Aspirants

There is an increasing demand for doctors in the public healthcare sector, especially during the current pandemic where people need to be cured and become fit. This opens up ample opportunities for them in the form of medical social workers, entrepreneurs, research consultants, trainers, and even psychiatrists for mental health which is extremely essential for the overall wellbeing of an individual. Aspiring to be a doctor paves your path to help others in need and hence it is a noble job. You can help the general public as well as our personnel on military frontlines too. Make sure to create a complete plan so that you know what needs to be done after MBBS. This will help you reach your goal efficiently without wasting time in confusion.

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Best Alternate Career Options and Courses after MBBS | What after MBBS?

December 11, 2019
Career Guidance , Parents Must Read

It’s a common belief that there are no options for MBBS graduates apart from clinical and teaching practices. Many people still believe that “Without PG MD or MS there is no career”. This is a wrong perception. A career in medicine is not easy at all. So, a few folks might look for alternate careers after MBBS . Moreover, with the growing competition in the medical field, MBBS is no longer considered as the final qualification. In this post, we will look at the best alternative career options after MBBS and top courses after MBBS .

Alternative Career Paths and Courses after MBBS

Co-authored by Parinita Gupta

In today’s fast-paced and competitive world many doctors are searching for challenging career paths apart from their clinical practices. The more demanding nature of medical practices has forced many to take bolder steps and more open to changing careers. In this article, we will discuss the various other career paths and courses after the MBBS degree. Here are a few roles open to medical graduates.

Top Alternative Career Options after MBBS

Hospital administration.

One of the most lucrative career alternatives after MBBS is to get into hospital Administration. The administrative jobs are the long-standing options for doctors, especially for the senior and elder doctors. It’s a fact that clinical experience makes doctors better administrators as they understand the health system inside out thus enhancing the hospital’s credibility.

To overcome the challenge of a lack of business acumen, many doctors are opting for this alternative career and taking up business courses and pursuing an MBA ( maybe MBA in healthcare management ) in an attempt to position themselves for the role of a hospital administrator.

Medical Teacher/ Professor

Medical education is one of the best career paths you can choose after MBBS. With a teaching career, you can always be in touch with your medical world along with many other things. You can support trainee medical students or doctors, educating the public, be it in your home country or abroad. It can earn you a handsome amount as well for your expertise.

Public Health Worker

Public health is about promoting and protecting the health of the general population. It is one of the most challenging and honorable jobs since you might work on preventing the spread of infectious diseases or environmental health hazards and work with your government on many crucial projects on saving millions of lives. You could also be involved in strategies to improve the accountability, efficiency, and effectiveness of your health service.

Related Article: Careers in Public Health

Health / Medical Journalism and Medical Writing

Journalism itself is a very wide field, but those with scientific & medical credentials and have adequate experience have the edge over the vast majority of journalists who come mostly from other social science backgrounds. Some medics undertake this as an addition, rather than an alternative to their clinical practice.

As a medical writer, you can work in academia, industry (medical devices, pharmaceuticals, etc.), news organizations, government, or for yourself. You can write manuscripts, reports on clinical trials, news articles, regulatory submissions, meeting abstracts, patient education materials, and even slide decks.

For this alternative career path, you may need to gain extra qualifications to start a successful journalism career. Doctors with a passion for writing, undertake clinical writing and editorial activities for pharmaceutical and healthcare companies which are lucrative careers too.

Related Article: 11 Best Alternative Careers for Biomedical and Biotech Graduates

Clinical Forensic Medical Examiner

After completion of your MBBS course, one can take up this interesting route to become a Clinical Forensic Medical Examiner. Their role is to deal with examining the living and forensic pathologists are trained to carry out medical examinations on the dead.

Medico-Legal Advisor

This field is quite demanding as they deal with the legal angle of medical cases. This is a highly paid alternative career option for those interested in a medico-legal career. They may even require attending court trials, running workshops as well as holding lectures, and writing articles regarding the same.

Forensic Psychiatry

Forensic psychiatry is a subspeciality of psychiatry and is related to criminology. It encompasses the interface between law and psychiatry. This field is also closely related to the field of medico-legal study, which involves the treatment and healing of mentally ill criminal offenders.

Related Article: Forensic Science Careers in India

Medical / Pharmaceutical Researcher

The medical research field is a dynamic one that is constantly developing. Those who conduct experiments and analyze results to learn more about the human body and potential treatments are medical researchers. The researchers are often required to work in the pharmaceutical industry, academia, hospital labs, and research institutes. They formulate new drugs and clinical approaches via focused research and analysis.

Translational Medicine or Translational Research is a great career path for MBBS graduates who wish to combine lab/bench research and clinical duties. Read more about Careers in Translational Medicine – Introduction, Different Phases, Training and Scope .

Transplant Coordinator

Both administrative and medical alternatives to MBBS are those professionals who coordinate activities related to organ donation and transplantation. They liaise with medical, paramedical and non-medical personnel and may be involved in various stages of the process, from meeting with donors and recipients to post-surgical care and follow-up. This role demands both medical and administrative tasks.

Radiology / Diagnostic Imaging

They are in charge of keeping on top of medical imaging programs such as X-Rays, CT scans, ultrasounds, and MRIs. They ensure to meet the correct professional standards.

Academic Medicine

Academic medicine is another viable career after MBBS where the doctors not only engages in clinical practice but also provide their knowledge teaching medical students and taking part in various research programs. Many senior doctors opt for this career option and settle down with a handsome salary.

Sports Medicine

Nowadays, a career in sports medicine is another one of the most sought-after careers because of its dynamic and high-profile client base which also includes regular travel abroad. The sports doctor’s career can earn you the best salary amongst all other competitive careers.

Public Services

MBBS graduates can appear for UPSC exams and can serve the nation in a positive way.

Investment Banking

Does this sound crazy?

Investment banks help companies obtain funds and offer advice on mergers, acquisitions and equity research . As a healthcare equity research analyst, you could use your medical background to give advice on parts of the health industry such as biotech companies. Learn more about investment banking careers .

Health Informatics and Analytics

Data Analytics and Health Informatics are also two excellent career options for MBBS graduates who have got a love for Numbers and Analytics. Read more about health informatics careers and jobs .

Entrepreneurship

A growing number of clinical doctors who are heading to business schools to bag lucrative opportunities in streams like healthcare consulting, hoping to turn entrepreneurs someday.

Alternate Career Options and Courses after MBBS

Related Article: Why Doctors are joining MBA programs?

Best Courses after MBBS

Now we will discuss some prominent courses after MBBS which can provide various job opportunities available after the degree. The courses are mentioned below:

M.Tech in Biomedical Engineering and Biological Sciences
Masters in Hospital Administration
MS in Microbiology
MS in Clinical Pathology
Diploma in Health Education
Diploma or Masters (MS) in Occupational Health
Diploma in Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Diploma in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Diploma or MS in Sports Medicine
Diploma or MS in Immunohematology
Diploma or MS in Pathology
Diploma in Pediatrics
Diploma in Nuclear medicine
Diploma in Psychiatry
Diploma in Radiotherapy
MBA in Healthcare Management
Masters in Public Health
Masters in Bio-Statistics or Epidemiology

Another course that is very popular after MBBS is Masters in Medical Sciences and Technology or Masters in Translational Medicine or Molecular Medicine, which combines both sciences and technology. Those specializing in the area need to attain knowledge of the following:

Translational Medicine
Molecular Imaging and Image Analysis
Regenerative Medicine
Nanomedicine
Medical Imaging
Biomaterials and Implants
Medical Statistics
Telemedicine
Biomedical Instrumentation
Clinical Biomarkers
Immuno-technology
Recombinant DNA Technology
Early Detection of Cancer
Cancer Biology
Biomedical Simulation

Author Bio: Parinita Gupta is a full-time banking professional. Additionally, she is also a passionate blogger and digital marketer.

She mostly writes about the Banking & Finance, Technology, and FinTech sector. But, she also enjoys writing on other topics as well. You can follow her on Twitter .

Featured Image Source: The Daily Star

Sources: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 .

Career Trajectories After MBBS: What after MBBS?

Blog Summary

Indian MBBS degree holders can pursue PG programs like MD, MS, MMST, MTech, PhD, MSc or DNB programs to increase their expertise and get placed in top hospitals in India. Popular specializations like anesthesia, family medicine, forensic medicine, geriatrics, community medicine, general surgery, gynecology, ophthalmology, ENT, orthopedics, etc open up opportunities in public/private health sectors. Clearing RCP qualification exams like MRCP, MRCS, MRCOG, MRCPCH and FRCR adds more value to your profile with recognition in most European and Asian countries. TAU is a pioneer in education offering various programs in medical and allied fields for FMGs.

Career Options After MBBS

Options for postgraduation after mbbs, experiences after mbbs, international career opportunities for mbbs personnel .

You may wonder about the challenging preferences and opportunities after MBBS in India. You may also apprehend and assume the limited scope of pursuing higher education in medicine. Career choices after MBBS may puzzle you for a while as you continue searching for viable options (for higher education).

Some of you may spend ample time searching for the courses like MRCP, MRCS, MRCOG, and MRCPCH. What career option you should attain depends entirely on your interests, objectives, and higher education ambitions. Indian and international universities provide numerous opportunities for MBBS graduates to continue their academic journey.

What career opportunities and trajectories await you after the MBBS course? What lucrative job opportunities the specialized degrees/certifications may reward you after MBBS in India? Do career growth options in India exist? These questions often trouble the MBBS degree holders and make them explore viable career opportunities in the health care sector.

A graduate without a postgraduation sometimes ends up becoming a general practitioner with limited authority. Earning a medical postgraduate-degree or diploma helps graduates to enhance their skills and maximize their professional achievements.

MBBS degree holders often aspire to attain traditional specializations in India. Their choice of a traditional-specialization relies on the availability of numerous MD and MS courses in medical colleges . MBBS degree holders prefer to leverage their skills (through the traditional routes) for grabbing reputed positions in the top hospitals in India.

The conventional specializations in anesthesia, family medicine, forensic medicine, geriatrics, and community medicine increase the scope of their job placements in the public/private health sector. Some graduates prefer general surgery, gynecology, ophthalmology, ENT, and orthopedics courses to advance their health care skills and knowledge.

Short-term diplomas in clinical pathology, health education, psychiatry, pediatrics, and physical medicine help the graduates to earn specializations in a limited timeframe. MBBS graduates having a scientific rigor opt to specialize in medical statistics, regenerative medicine, biomaterials, image analysis, and molecular medicine. UPSC in India conducts CMS (Combined Medical Services) examination to hire medical specialists in government hospitals, dispensaries, municipal corporations, and railways.

Medical professionals with specialized degrees get preferences and privileges over the degree holders who prefer saturating their careers after MBBS. Specialization helps medical professionals to gain opportunities in defense services, hospital chains, health service departments, academics, research, hospital management, and biomedical engineering.

Specialized medical doctors also prefer serving patients through their self-established clinics and earn a decent income. Non-governmental organizations also opt to coordinate with specialized physicians to extend their health/social care services across India. Thorough research of these job options will help you decide your next step.

MRCP after MBBS (Membership of the Royal Colleges of Physicians) is a viable option for Indian medical graduates. MRCP a postgraduate medical diploma that fosters the clinical skills and health care knowledge of professionals. MRCP accredited doctors gain international credibility and authority to deliver specialized medical services across the globe. MRCP is the gateway to improve the clinical practice skills of physicians. MRCP also helps them increase their recognition across European and Asian counties. MRCP relies on written and practical examinations requiring focused preparation.

MRCS after MBBS (Membership of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons) helps the medical professionals continue their surgery career. MRCS helps medical professionals bypass the need for postgraduate surgery programs and practice surgery across the reputed hospitals and trauma centers. The rising demand for surgeons in India motivates medical degree holders to pursue MRCS. The Indian Medical Council recognizes MRCP and supports the deployment of specialized surgeons in accredited hospitals. The aspirants of MRCS need to qualify for part A/B examinations and undertake clinical placements to enhance their surgical skills.

MRCOG (Member of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists) is a global exam that medical graduates can undertake after MBBS to enhance their obstetrics and gynaecology careers. The three-phase evaluation system of the MRCOG exam produces leaders with skills and expertise for improving women-health. The top gynecologists and obstetricians hold MRCOG credential that helps them develop rapport in international medical facilities. MRCOG after MBBS helps medical graduates to enhance their clinical knowledge and patient communication skills. The medical facilities deploy MRCOG personnel to improve their medical documentation processes and patient safety environment.

MRCPCH, after MBBS (Membership of the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health), grants international accreditation in pediatrics to the medical graduates. General Medical Council and a variety of hospitals in India and abroad recognize the MRCPCH credential. MRCPCH helps physicians to practice obstetrics/gynecology via evidence-based methods and research. MRCPCH exam mandates theoretical assessments for the MBBS personnel. MRCPCH qualified specialists render their services as pediatricians in renowned health care centers.

Radiology after MBBS is a lucrative option to gain skills and expertise in diagnostic management. MBBS degree holders desirous for the radiology stream need to accomplish a three-year postgraduation course in medicine. MD radiology equips the medical personnel to gain expertise in ultrasonography, computer tomography, nuclear medicine, and other radiological interventions.

Medical doctors in India need to qualify for the National Eligibility Entrance Test for Postgraduation for gaining entry into MD radiology. The course structure includes case studies, imaging spots, radiation physics, ultrasound demonstration, and practical radiography. Radiology specialization after MBBS helps medical graduates to earn a reputable position in the top radiology centers in India and across the globe.

MBBS degree increases your desire to serve the patient community, enhances your scientific knowledge, and motivates you to create your footprints in the medical world. Life after MBBS may lead to saturation for the professionals who end up their careers in routine medical practice. MBBS degree holders prefer to enroll in public health care courses and learn administrative skills after years of medical practice.

The advent of scientific research and the evolution of technology inspires young medical graduates to practice evidence-based medicine. The non-practicing MBBS graduates prefer to enroll in research-oriented programs to enhance their medical literature review skills.

MBBS degree holders in India often quit medical practice after gaining clinical experience and switch to courses like medical transcription and clinical coding. Some of them enhance their management skills and prefer enrolling in MBA courses to serve as health care leaders or administrators in medical settings. The business-oriented MBBS graduates also prefer establishing their entrepreneurship and invest capital for establishing multidisciplinary health care centers.

Life after MBBS appears saturated for the personnel who deviate from their path to career enhancement. Contrarily, the never-ending professional growth of the motivated professionals enhances their contentment and ambitions each day.

MBBS professionals get several opportunities abroad and extend their innovative services on a variety of profiles. The internationally accredited employers offer the following job roles to personnel with specialist degrees.

Health informatician
Transplant coordinator
Radiologist
Academician
Pharmaceutical researcher
Forensic expert
Medico-legal consultant
Rehabilitator
Consultant psychiatrist
Gastroenterologist
Ophthalmologist
Medical oncologist
Otolaryngologist
Specialist intensivist

MBBS graduates with a degree in molecular/translational medicine serve as experts or consultants internationally in the following subdisciplines.

Immuno-technology
Biomedical instrumentation
Telemedicine
Biostatistics
Nanomedicine
Regenerative medicine
Recombinant DNA technology

The MBBS graduates in India can opt for the following career options from the best international medical institutes.

MBBS consultants often prefer to coordinate with primary health care centers to extend medical services via telehealth applications across remote/rural locations.
MBBS graduates can work as epidemiologists after earning an MSc in epidemiology from an accredited institute.
MMST (Masters in Medical Science and Technology) program after MBBS helps medical graduates to leverage their skills in health care imaging, medical biotechnology, and bioinformatics.
MTech in biological sciences after MBBS enhances the medical equipment management expertise of the medical doctors.
Ph.D. in clinical research after MBBS helps medical doctors to contribute their skills and knowledge to clinical trials and research activities.
MSc programs in biochemistry, anatomy, and aerospace medicine substantially improve the career opportunities of MBBS doctors in research centers.
DNB (Diplomate of National Board) course after MBBS produces specialist physicians with the potential to administer patient-centered services in super-specialties.
MBBS doctors can appear in the USMLE examination for continuing their medical practice or postgraduate specialization in the United States.

Texila American University is one of the leading universities abroad that offer a range of career and academic specialization opportunities to international students after MBBS.

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Research or Academia after Medicine (MBBS or MD) in India

August 23, 2022

This is an Interview with Ritam Pal transcribed by Damyanti Das Gupta of CoS.

Besides these existing options, some more options may be available in the next few years. IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur and IISC are now setting up a medical school. They are expected to introduce MD-PhD degrees to encourage the education of physician-researchers.

Many students, after completing their MBBS degree, do not want to go for further clinical specialization and become practicing clinicians.

If someone does not want to continue as a practicing doctor after MBBS and does not want to enter non-clinical academia either, then the most standard translational route would be pursuing an MD in preclinical or paraclinical subjects (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Forensic Medicine, Community Medicine, etc.). One can also explore the option of completing an MD/MS degree, (and a DM/Mch degree too if required), and joining as a professor in any medical college. In this case, the research work that they do will be limited to medical and clinical research only.

A significant number of MBBS students want to transition to a non-clinical career after completing their degree. The following institutes can be an option for students willing to enter academia/ willing to explore careers in the biomedical industry.

IIT KHARAGPUR

Course: MMST ( Master of Medical Science and Technology) Duration:3 years

The eligibility criterion for admission to MMST students is a recognized MBBS Degree with a minimum of 55% marks in aggregate and having passed mathematics at 10+2 level.
Selection is based on an entrance test that tests topics from the MBBS syllabus, and basic PCM.
Pros – teaches biomedical engineering, has a good faculty, and has a good alumni base by now. Can go for Ph.D.abroad after completing this course.
Cons – After this degree, the jobs available are mainly in medical tech companies(like Siemens), the salary range of which may not be that high. Also, many of the professors do not appreciate the requirements of students coming from an MBBS background.

Official Website: MMST @ IITKGP

Course: M.Tech in Biomedical Engineering Duration:2 years

Selection is based on All India level post-graduate entrance examination for corresponding disciplines such as INI_CET/NEET-PG/NEET-MDS/JIPMER/, and an interview.
Pros – Has a good faculty and alumni base. The course is very well designed and electives are offered in biopotentials, medical sensors, biosensors, medical imaging physics, biomaterials, microfluidics, computational modeling, biomechanics, etc.
Cons – jobs are scanty after this since M.Tech in BME is not well-accepted in the job market. Ph.D. after this is the more desirable option.

Official Website: MTech Program

IISC BANGALORE

Course: Ph.D Duration 4.5-5 years.

Admission is based on interview and application.
Pros – For research-motivated students, this is the best research environment in India, with good guides and ample funding.
Cons – Entry from an MBBS background is highly restricted. IISC prefers that MBBS students clear JEST or GATE, or secure ICMR junior fellowship, in order to join for Ph.D. These entrances can be difficult for MBBS students, who do not have much knowledge of topics like Biotechnology or Plant Biology (which are tested in these exams). Besides this, the stipend amount is much lesser than the salaries received by doctors.

Official Website: IISc Admissions

Nimhans Bangalore

There are a number of courses related to neuroscience, Psychiatry, and clinical psychology, available to MBBS students. Which specific courses have the option for entry after MBBS can be found in their brochure: Prospectus 2021-22
Pros – excellent faculty. Good research environment and future career prospects.
Cons – The stipend offered to Ph.D. students is lesser than the average salary of a practicing doctor, which may be a reason of concern for many.

Besides these existing options, some more options may be available in the next few years. IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, and IISC are now setting up a medical school. They are expected to introduce MD-PhD degrees to encourage the education of physician-researchers. TATA memorial hospital has introduced ICMR-a funded, combined “MD Ph.D.” program very recently. Such institutes may be a good option in the future.

‘Whole world will benefit’: Dharmendra Pradhan lays foundation stone for IIT Kanpur’s medical school

Bengaluru: IISc receives Rs 425-crore donation to set up medical institute, 800-bed multi-specialty hospital | Cities News, The Indian Express

Pic credits: High-resolution photo created by rawpixel.com – www.freepik.com

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Socialise with

UCL Division of Medicine

Projects, supervisors and funders

About the programme

This three-year research degree is ideal for budding clinician-scientists with commitment, enthusiasm and a willingness to learn. It sits between MBBS Year 4 and Year 5.

After completing Year 4 of the MBBS programme at UCL, MBPhD students switch to full-time research studies for three years. You re-enter MBBS Years 5 and 6 after submitting your thesis.

A regular clinical teaching programme keeps your clinical skills and knowledge up to date during the research phase.

You may be based in the Division of Medicine or in one of several world-class institutes, such as the Institute of Child Health, the Institute of Neurology, or the Institute of Ophthalmology. You can also choose projects at the Francis Crick Institute and the Cancer Research UK City of London Centre.

MBPhD graduates become professors, research group leaders and consultants based all over the world. Graduates can work in academia, clinical medicine, the pharmaceutical industry, public health planning, or even in financial services around funding for clinical commercial ventures.

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Skyward image of the glass framework, Paul O'Gorman Building, UCL

What you can expect

Supervision from world-class clinical academics and institution staff.
A programme of continuing medical education, keeping you updated with the clinical side of your degree.

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The programme is currently only available to students who are currently undertaking the MBBS Primary Medical Qualification at UCL Medical School. Applications must be made during your IBSc year, or in MBBS Year 2 if you are already a graduate.

At the point of entry, all successful applicants must have:

Completed the first two years of their primary medical qualification (MBBS) at UCL.
Achieved an upper second- or first-class honours degree (BSc/iBSc).
Passed MBBS Year 4 at UCL (first attempt).

Please contact [email protected] for more details.

UCL Medical School allows interruptions to undertake PhDs as well as the MBPhD. Please consider whether the MBPhD is the right programme for you - we are happy to talk this through with you before you apply. If you are interested in a particular PhD programme at UCL or at another university, you should apply directly to that programme rather than to the MBPhD. Please discuss any non-MBPhD interruption with one of the Divisional Tutors .

Your supervisory panel

You will have a Principal and a Subsidiary Supervisor. Your Principal Supervisor must be based at UCL, unless your MBPhD is with The Francis Crick Institute. All supervisors must be approved by the Faculty Graduate Tutor to undertake supervision before the start of the MBPhD. The MBPhD Programme Administrator can check on the status of any prospective supervisor. All students have a thesis committee which may also include members of collaborating bodies if they have specific expertise relevant to your research.

You don't need to have a supervisor or project arranged when you apply. We will give you guidance on this once you have been accepted onto the programme.

Selecting a supervisor

Selecting a supervisor is vital, so you need to take your time and get it right.

Firstly, you express an interest in a field. The MBPhD programme tutors will guide you towards suitable potential supervisors or research groups to investigate. Many excellent supervisors may not be immediately obvious.

You can approach anyone. Supervisors are used to these enquiries by email. Keep it short: summarise your current position and your specific interest in a PhD. If the supervisor is interested in your ideas, they will set up a short meeting to chat about your interests.

Golden rules

We recommend three rules that should guide your search for a supervisor:

A track record of international research , with high quality publications. Use PubMed and the IRIS system to confirm the themes of their research and check any research group websites. You want to aim for the research group of a current or future world leader.
Meet before making any decisions. The professional relationship lasts several years. It is helpful to meet and get an idea about what sort of a supervisor they are and whether they will be a good fit for you. You need to be able to get along, but also be inspired and guided.
Meet students in the research group to find out about the group and how your potential supervisor treats them. Ideally, you can get an honest opinion. If there are no students, this may be a cause for concern.

Explore the current projects within the School of Life and Medical Sciences . There are several projects available to students who are successful in their application to the MBPhD programme and who are awarded CRUK CoL funding for cancer research.

See which experts have supervised our students .

Your supervisors' duties

Principal and subsidiary supervisors' duties are listed in the Code of Practice for Graduate Research Degrees .

You are not expected to apply for your own funding.

You may be matched with a project and supervisor that already has funding (or a funding application) in place. You may also wish to work with a supervisor who you have already worked with and they will need to apply for funding for you. The MBPhD programme works with a few funders and we may be able to apply for funding from them but the options are extremely limited.

As with any PhD, a funding package - known as a studentship - will normally include a stipend (a living allowance), tuition fees and bench fees. Funders will generally only pay tuition fees at the UK rate.

The maximum stipend is the Wellcome Trust rate . Most students receive the UCL minimum stipend, which is £19,668 for 2022/23 and £20,622 for 2023/24. Exact amounts vary by funding body.

Overseas students must find further funding to cover the difference between home and overseas fees, such as the Research Excellence Scholarship (you will need to apply for the RES during the iBSc year) . Your supervisor may be willing to fund the difference between home and overseas fees. In most cases, overseas students may use personal/ family resources to fund the difference: please contact MBPhD Administration ( [email protected] ) to discuss.

You can also apply for a wide range of additional funding via the UCL Scholarships & Funding office .

Project supervisors and MBPhD Programme Tutors will help you identify sources of funding once a project is confirmed. You do not need to explore funding options before applying.

Previous sources of funding include UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Astor Foundation, CRUK, The Rosetrees Trust, The London Centre for Nanotechnology, AstraZeneca, and the Royal Free Charitable Trust. Successful applicants can apply for studentships at the Francis Crick Institute. Some projects are supported by grants made directly to supervisors.

See who has funded our former students

Funding for Year 4 of the MBBS is through the Student Loans Company (SLC). Funding for Years 5 and 6 is via the Government funding mechanisms (currently NHS Student Bursary) in place when you return to the MBBS. Applications to the SLC and NHS Bursary Office remain your responsibility.

We can provide confirmation that the MBPhD is a single integrated degree and the periods of MBBS and PhD registration. We must confirm the award date of the PhD as prior to, or within, the MBBS programme.

Student Finance England Doctoral Loan

A Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs. Students who begin after August 2022 can borrow up to £27,892 (accurate as of January 2023). You need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.

All students embark on the PhD after having successfully completed MBBS Year 4 at UCL (i.e. in the September/ October of the next academic year).

From the 2023/24 application cycle, the MBPhD programme will only accept students applying during their IBSc year, or from MBBS Year 2 if they already hold an undergraduate degree, to start the PhD after having completed MBBS Year 4 in the September/October of the same calendar year. (Students applying in the Spring of 2024 will begin their PhD in the Autumn of 2025.)

What you need

You must submit the following:

A signed copy of the application form.
Two or three references.

Your application requires a minimum of two references: one from your iBSc / BSc project supervisor or programme lead, and one from your pre-clinical tutor or supervisor.

You may also supply a third reference from a tutor who can comment on your lab skills / practical research ability if this is not reflected by your BSc. Equally, somebody who can comment on any additional research you have done may be useful for the recruitment panel to consider.

If referees intend to submit references directly to MBPhD Administration ( [email protected] ), these must arrive by the deadline. You must note this intention on the application form, or by email to MBPhD Administration, otherwise it will be deemed incomplete.

Full details on how to apply are provided in the guidance notes.

Application Guidance Notes

Application Form 2025 Entry

Reference Form

Applications should be submitted by email to [email protected]

Applications open 25th March 2024
Deadline for Spring 2024 applications (Autumn 2025 start): 14th May 2024 at 5pm .

Important dates

For MBBS Year 3 students applying to begin their PhD in September/October 2025.

Open Day : Thursday 18 April 2024
Applications close : 14 May 2024
Interviews : 20 or 21 June 2024

Specialist opportunities

If you are accepted on the MBPhD programme, you can apply to conduct PhD research at the Francis Crick Institute. Applications are open from early October to mid-November and from mid-February to mid-March.

Opportunities at The Francis Crick Institute

This unique network provides a crucial pipeline for cancer discovery science. If you are accepted onto the MBPhD, you can apply to conduct research under the supervision of experts at the CRUK CoL Centre. To be considered, please indicate this specific interest in your MBPhD application.

Opportunities at the City of London Centre

Students Justyna and Marcus working a lab

Supervisors and funders

See who has supervised past MBPhD projects and which organisations have provided funding support.

The crest of the Worshipful Company of Cordwainers

MBPhD thesis prize

See our winners of the Cordwainers Prize, which is awarded for the Best MBPhD Thesis of the Year.

Key contacts

Academic and Clinical Lead: Prof. Reza Motallebzadeh
Programme Administrator: Carolyn Cohen ( [email protected] ) , UCL Dept. of Renal Medicine, Royal Free, 1st Floor/Room 1670, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF.

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Medicine is a highly sought-after and constantly evolving field in today’s world. Every year, more than ten thousand students enrol in medical schools, and a similar number graduate as potential doctors and medical professionals. However, many of these graduating students often find themselves in a dilemma when it comes to choosing their career path after MBBS.

There are numerous options worth considering, apart from pursuing a career in healthcare or studying abroad. These alternative career paths can be confusing and take a toll on the mental well-being and motivation of aspiring doctors. Imagine the struggle when this confusion persists over the years, with students still unsure of their aspirations and why they initially chose this field.

The pressure of making the right decision increases as time passes, potentially leading to missing out on the right career direction. It’s crucial to address this situation and provide information about lesser-explored career options after MBBS. So, get ready and choose the path that suits you best, knowing that we are here to guide you every step of the way.

What to do after MBBS

While we are on the topic of selecting the best career option after MBBS for the students, here is an important detail that needs strict attention. It is not important that a person who passed out as an MBBS graduate has to be a doctor or someone in the medical field.

The profession selected can be completely different and can have no connection with the field. Also, it is not true that an MBBS leads to very strict career choice options and no diversification is possible. There are ample examples of many successful people who skipped medical science after their MBBS to pursue the course or field they were quite passionate about.

This was all possible because they either were clear about their alternative career options after MBBS or discovered their own choices after MBBS while doing their course.

This article ensures you that having second thoughts after investing those precious five years into medicine is entirely normal. Other options host the stage for the nomad in you to help you follow what you feel connected to.

List of 15 Careers Options After MBBS

1. hospital management.

A doctor can function only if the hospital facility exists. The basic requirements to build a hospital and run it properly can be understood by a doctor only. In very rare cases, an extremely passionate non-medical professional can handle everything a doctor knows and needs to create a healthy hospital ecosystem for its patients, doctors, visitors, and all other workers.

Considering the situation of maximum hospitals in India, well-qualified doctors who have decided to look for alternative career options after MBBS into the field of laying down the basement for other doctors to serve medicine is a compulsory trait.

Another perk of joining the hospital administration would be the high payment check as salary which is generally higher than the paycheck of a doctor working in the same hospital.

There are lots of hospital management courses available with multiple institutes for the students who are willing to experiment with some of the best courses after MBBS to help with hospital management.

2. Medical Professor/ Teacher

This is a tricky field because there can be two types of medical teachers:

a) Those that help prepare medical aspirants for gaining merit and qualify for a medical college. This is done with different coaching classes and private tuitions for the pre-medical merit exam clearance where basic tips and tricks for clearing examinations are taught.

There is no better trainer than a person who has lived the same life once and has experienced the same pressure to achieve what the aspirants are aiming for. This also instills confidence amongst the students to witness their trainer as their guide and they understand at a young age only that there are possible career options after MBBS.

b) Those who study abroad after MBBS or take up different other courses of study and then get appointed as professors in the medical college for teaching actual medicine to kids who cleared their pre-medical tests on merit and secured their seats in prestigious medical institutions.

3. Medical Legal Advisor

Crime these days is technically sound and tactical. A non-medical person and a person with a medical background both have different ways of understanding a particular situation and usually, a hint from a medical expert always speeds up the process of seeking justice.

For these reasons, the medical-legal advisor is always needed with the legal team to build an air-tight case along with the help of police to ensure a proper investigation of the matter is made and no loopholes are left from a medical perspective. This is a great field to pursue as an option after MBBS.

4. Researcher

Every field requires research and development to grow from where it is to where it should be. This adaptation to the present and probable future is possible only if the MBBS pass-outs select some best courses after MBBS and dig into the unexplored areas of medical science.

Their research is the only way humankind can be saved from probable diseases and a cure to the unsolved cases can be found. It is the credit to the medical researchers who spend all their efforts and knowledge into understanding the functions of nature and the body to derive conclusions that can make mankind healthier than ever.

All this is possible only because they decide to pick up a field that is not highly glorified but it brings their understanding to practical usage.

Also, governments and organizations of various countries contribute heavily to this research and reward these researchers heavily for discovering some life-saving methods to make the world a better place to live in.

This seems obnoxious to read that a medical graduate is working as a writer. But this is not completely untrue. There are a lot of medical researchers who invest all their lives in medical research and development. These researchers require people with abundant medical knowledge to assist them and document everything that goes on while the research is in progress.

These assistants become first-hand report writers and sometimes even observers and guinea pigs in experiments. The anecdotes of these writers are then properly paraphrased, time-lined, and created into a document with complete proofs.

This document becomes a firsthand research paper that is presented to the funding partners of the research and if approved, the research is published or is continued at a large scale.

Research is not a one-person work and the entire team behind it is an equal contributor to the research. Hence, considering research writing as an alternative career option after MBBS seems an attractive offer.

6. Public Health Care Worker / Public Servant / Civil Service

Many people believe that Civil services or being a public servant is all related to arts and administration but in reality, civil services are public service and there is no limit to the types of professionals who can appear for the same.

As it is said, knowledge never goes to waste; everything learned will one day help achieve a larger goal of making a good career choice based on passion rather than a trend.

Working as a public healthcare worker will carry its requirements and prerequisites that need to be fulfilled for better functioning but these requirements are not limited to any field and sound backend knowledge of the same will only help in better administration and groundwork in public service.

7. Sports Doctor / Gym Doctor / Fitness Doctor

Certain sports and casual gym injuries can find their cure at the hands of a normal physiotherapist (they are also qualified doctors), but the grave injuries that need special care and attention before, during, and after gameplay can be attended to by a qualified medical doctor.

So if you want to look for alternative career options after MBBS and sports is a genre that attracts you, the idea of performing as a sports doctor is exciting along with the perks of being able to meet different sports celebrities and travel the world with the sports teams to assist the player as his team of advisory doctors.

Also, gym doctors and fitness doctors hold the task of keeping in check the athletes who undertake different physical activities and are prone to injuries.

MBA after commerce education and engineering and even arts is quite common. But saying that cannot disregard the fact that the entire healthcare industry can benefit a lot from a qualified doctor and a qualified manager as well.

High posts of pharmaceutical companies that struggle with management decision-making gradually affecting their production of healthcare requirements can hugely benefit people who hold not just one but multiple talents in their CVs.

A healthcare person who also understands management is a very rare and a very required find who can earn fat paychecks while just admiring their decision to search for better options after MBBS other than the usual ones mentioned above.

A lot of companies not just pay in millions but bid on their find to restrain their golden find for life with the company and take care of its permanent growth thereafter.

9. Entrepreneurship

One of the most budding fields of individuals who hold ideas up their sleeves with a capacity of not just raking in money but intending to establish themselves to stay, entrepreneurship is a field that can be a game-changer for a person from any field.

One of the most golden-eyed fields, although entrepreneurship takes a lot of struggle and dedication if the method followed is carefully evaluated, adverse situations can also be turned into favourable results.

These entire words join together to give an idea that entrepreneurship has a lot in common with the medical field and an innovative idea that can bring a revolutionary change in the medical sector can make for one of the aspired Fortune 500 models.

Even if the person wants to completely disassociate from medicine and try entrepreneurship, the field will never disappoint him and a dream of opting for some best courses after MBBS to land in the desired situation will never be withheld.

10. Medical Coordinators

Positions for the heads of medical departments, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the governing bodies for healthcare, and their representatives are medical coordinators who help in the medical aid process by being overseers or catalysts.

Often, several medical urgencies require the involvement of top-level governing executives. It is with these position representatives that the decisions can be made at a fast-track pace.

Certain times, inter-departmental and geopolitical interference with medical matters become top priorities and it is here when an experience in the medical field is of quite a use to speed up the entire process while maintaining secrecy about the same fact due to the medical resource being in the team of key decision-makers and is not a freelanced party prone to information leakage.

This post is not only for the coordination of the processes. There is a need to handle complaints at all levels for the ignorance of medical professionals, problems with the medical system, complaint escalation, user complaints, and many other factors which require the complete understanding and ruling of a third party to rule out a judgment with authority that needs to be followed.

This is a scrutiny-based job role requirement that will need a medical background person to understand the situation firsthand and then create a win-win scenario for all the connected parties.

11. Medical Psychiatry

Psychiatry is a field where the offenders of the medicinal world are treated with psychiatric help to make them aware of their mistakes and undertake necessary actions to make them understand and avoid any such mistakes in the future, in case they are fit to practice again.

They might not be criminal necessarily, but medical negligence attempted willfully or by mistake both accounts for a psychiatric clearance before the professional can practice again.

12. Medical Representative/ Pharmaceutical Shop / Pharma Dealer

Medicine is a very broad term. The understanding of bodily functions and the requirements to make these functions active is one field. The other field involves the making and marketing of the products used to fulfil medical requirements.

These products are generally called medicines and are categorized under the pharmaceuticals category. B.Pharm., M.Pharm., B.Sc., and Diploma in Pharma are some of the best courses after MBBS to kick start as a pharmaceutical agent in the chain and begin the journey of medicine from a whole new perspective.

Even for sitting in a medical shop to supply medicines, the person at the counter should hold a valid medical understanding degree to be capable of not only giving out the exact medicines prescribed by the doctor but also to be able to help the person understand the same and assist them with their problems in the best manner possible for them.

13. Forensic Psychiatry

This is majorly connected to criminology. Apart from the regular career options after MBBS, a deep knowledge of criminology will clarify that criminals commit crimes under a passive understanding of right and wrong.

Sometimes, their mind and emotions overpower their actions, and they tend to attempt activities that cannot be reversed and cause permanent damage. For these reasons, treating them under the strict care of psychiatrists for their betterment is a must.

The person best suited for this role is a qualified doctor who knows about these situations and can hold a valid point with logic understandably.

This is a creative field and does not necessarily need to be connected to medicine in any manner. In case the person wants to detach from medicine completely and wants to search for the best alternative career options after MBBS, they can try to figure out their inner self through their passion for arts like theatre, acting, singing, dancing, painting, creative writing and multiple other businesses where the need of medicine doesn’t exist.

It is not a crime to dwell in the voice of inner peace and leave a much-hyped profession to find the true self and true love.

15. Study Abroad After MBBS

There are a plethora of courses like Biomedical, Microbiology, The study of viruses and diseases, Obstetrics, Occupational Health, Pathology, Oncology, Neurology, Radiology, and Epidemiology, which require constant experimentation and studies.

These provide unique earning options and studies as guest speakers and research presenters in universities or become highly qualified doctors and then work in high-end medical clinics and hospitals.

Thus, as we can see there is no limit to the thought process and execution of those thoughts to secure not just the randomly acquired thoughts but also the dreamed or desired position even after MBBS; this also proves that desires have no end and the means to fulfil them might need some sacrifices, but the knowledge acquired to gain the required post will never go for a toss.

Specialisations after MBBS

When determining what to do after MBBS, the most frequent option for candidates is to specialise in their field of interest. At this point, ideal medical courses include MD/MS or a Diploma in Medicine. In India, admissions to MD/MS programmes are performed by a few common PG entrance exams, such as NEET PG and INI CET. The table below lists the specialisations available in MD, MS, and other diploma programmes.

The list of PG Specialisations offered is as follows:


Aerospace Medicine	ENT	Anaesthesia
Anatomy	General Surgery	Clinical Pathology
Anesthesia	Obstetrics & Gynaecology	Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Biochemistry	DVL (Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy)	Community Medicine
Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy	Orthopaedics	Forensic Medicine
Family Medicine	Pediatrics	Occupational Health
General Medicine	Psychiatry	Pathology
Geriatrics	Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation	Pharmacology
Health Administration	Pulmonary Medicine	Radiation Medicine
Immunohaematology	Radio-diagnosis	Radiotherapy
Microbiology	Sports Medicine	Tropical Medicine
Nuclear Medicine
Ophthalmology
Physiology

Read on: High Salary Courses After 12th Science

MBBS Careers in the Government Sector

In India’s government sector, MBBS graduates can find work in a variety of sectors and organisations. The government sector provides steady employment, prospects for MBBS career progression, and the chance to contribute significantly to public health and healthcare delivery.

Listed below are some frequent MBBS careers in the government sector:

1. Medical Officers

Description: Medical Officers play a pivotal role in delivering healthcare services, including diagnosis, treatment, and preventive care to patients. They are frontline healthcare professionals who ensure the well-being of individuals by providing comprehensive medical attention.
Average Salary: INR 11.1 LPA

2. Specialist Doctors

Description: Specialist Doctors, also referred to as specialist physicians or consultants, undergo rigorous specialised training to excel in specific medical domains. They offer advanced medical expertise and specialised care to patients, contributing significantly to the healthcare sector.
Average Salary: INR 26.5 LPA

3. Public Health Officers

Description: Public Health Officers are dedicated professionals who strive to improve community health through a variety of public health interventions and activities. They work relentlessly to execute programmes and policies that aim to improve the general well-being of populations.
Average Salary: INR 4.2 LPA

4. Medical Researchers

Description: Medical researchers are at the forefront of scientific advancements in healthcare. They perform extensive research and studies to extend medical knowledge, improve patient care, and progress medical science, resulting in discoveries and improvements.
Average Salary: INR 3.5 LPA

5. Health Administrators

Description: Health administrators, often known as healthcare managers or administrators, are in charge of ensuring that healthcare organisations and institutions operate efficiently. They oversee operations, finances, and personnel to ensure that patients receive high-quality treatment while maintaining organisational effectiveness.
Average Salary: INR 6.9 LPA

Read on: Career Options After 12th PCM

MBBS Jobs in the Private Sector

In India’s private sector, MBBS graduates enjoy a wide range of work options in various healthcare organisations. Graduates of MBBS programmes can expect excellent earnings, professional development, and a variety of job options in the private sector.

Here are some typical MBBS careers in the private sector:

1. General Practitioners/Family Physicians

Description: MBBS graduates can work as general practitioners or family doctors in private clinics, nursing homes, and medical centres.
Average Salary: INR 7.1 LPA
Description: MBBS graduates with postgraduate specialisation (MD/MS) can work as specialist doctors in private hospitals, speciality clinics, and corporate healthcare organisations.

3. Emergency Medicine Physicians

Description: Hospitalists are doctors who specialise in treating patients admitted to hospitals.
Average Salary: INR 12 LPA

4. Telemedicine Consultants

Description: With the growing popularity of telemedicine, MBBS graduates can work as telemedicine consultants for online healthcare platforms, telehealth organisations, and medical technology startups.
Average Salary: INR 6 LPA

5. Corporate Health and Occupational Medicines

Description: MBBS graduates can work in corporate healthcare departments, where they provide medical services to company employees.
Average Salary: INR 11.8 LPA

MBBS Top Recruiters

Medanta Hospitals	Fortis Healthcare Ltd
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd	Apollo Munich Health Industries Co Ltd
Sri Ganga Ram Hospital	Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre
Wockhardt Ltd	Apollo Hospitals Enterprises Ltd
Cipla Ltd	Religare Health Insurance Company Ltd
Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals	All India Institute of Medical Sciences

MBBS International Recruiters

Recruiting for overseas opportunities after MBBS frequently includes specialised agencies and organisations. MBBS international recruiters specialise in linking medical professionals with opportunities internationally.

Here are some of the top recruiters worldwide who hire MBBS graduates:

MMA Healthcare International Recruitment
Skilled Healthcare International Limited
Cromwell Medical Staffing
Mylocum Healthcare Recruiters
Calvary Healthcare

MBBS Salary Abroad

The MBBS salary for graduates overseas varies greatly depending on criteria such as the country of employment, level of experience, specialisation, and kind of healthcare facility.

It’s crucial to note that these MBBS pay ranges are estimates and may differ according to particular conditions, including hours worked, on-call obligations, and extra credentials or certifications.

Here’s a summary of the MBBS salary range for graduates in various popular destinations abroad:


Canada	CAD 53,000 – CAD 68,000	CAD 100,000 – CAD 250,000	CAD 150,000 – CAD 500,000
Germany	€49,000 – €70,000	€60,000 – €110,000	€90,000 – €250,000 or more
Australia	€49,000 – €70,000	€60,000 – €110,000	€90,000 – €250,000 or more
United States	AUD 70,000 to AUD 100,000	AUD 80,000 to AUD 120,000	AUD 100,000 to AUD 150,000
United Kingdom	£28,000 – £36,000	£30,000 – £38,000	£37,000 – £47,000

Related Topics

FAQ on Career Options after MBBS

Q1. what are some popular career options available after completing mbbs.

Answer: After MBBS, popular career options include pursuing specialization through MD/MS, working as a general practitioner, joining the pharmaceutical industry, entering medical research, or opting for administrative roles in healthcare.

Q2. Can I pursue higher studies abroad after completing MBBS?

Answer: Yes, pursuing higher studies abroad after MBBS is possible. Many universities and countries offer postgraduate programs for international medical graduates, providing opportunities to specialize in specific fields of medicine.

Q3. Are there alternative career options apart from clinical practice after MBBS?

Answer: Absolutely! Apart from clinical practice, MBBS graduates can explore careers in medical writing, healthcare consulting, medical education, medical journalism, public health, healthcare administration, or even entrepreneurship in the healthcare sector.

Q4. Is it necessary to specialize through MD/MS after MBBS?

Answer: Specializing through MD/MS is not mandatory after MBBS. It depends on your career goals and interests. While specialization can open up more opportunities and increase earning potential, you can still have a successful career as a general practitioner or explore other non-clinical career paths.

Q5. What skills can help me excel in non-clinical career options after MBBS?

Answer: Developing skills such as communication, research, critical thinking, leadership, and adaptability can greatly benefit you in non-clinical career options. Additionally, gaining relevant experience through internships, volunteering, or pursuing additional certifications can enhance your prospects in these fields.

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Courses after MBBS You Must Consider

Updated on
May 25, 2024

What comes after MBBS? Completing your MBBS degree, you can choose from various career options and job opportunities as well as courses for higher studies.

The best courses after MBBS include MD (Doctor of Medicine), Masters in Hospital Administration, MS in Clinical Pathology, Masters in Public Health, MTech in Biomedical Engineering and Biological Sciences and diploma courses in Sports Medicine, Pediatrics , Psychology, Occupational Health, etc.

You can also find various alternative career options after MBBS like Teaching, Clinical Forensics, Medical Researcher, and Academic Medicine, to name a few.

This blog brings you short-term and MS degree courses after MBBS as well as the best career options in Medicine that you can consider.

This Blog Includes:

Md/mba/diploma courses after mbbs, mba after mbbs, md/ms/diploma , masters in medical science & technology (mmst), diploma/master’s in operational health, m.tech in biomedical engineering & biological sciences, diplomate of national board (dnb), masters in public health, combined medical services (cms), masters in health administration, health center practice, entrepreneurship, health/medical journalism and medical writing, investment banking, academic medicine, health informatics and analytics, clinical research, exercise medicine/sports and exercise science, non-medical and non-clinical courses after mbbs, courses after mbbs without neet pg, customary courses after mbbs.

Wondering about what after MBBS? Here are the best MD, MBA, Diploma and Alternate Courses after MBBS:

MBA in Healthcare Management
MBA in Hospital Administration
MBA in Hospital Management
MBA in Bioinformatics
MBA in Medical Administration
MBA in Computational Biology
MD (Doctor of Medicine)
MCh (Master of Surgery)
Correspondence courses after MBBS like a Diploma in Occupational Health/Sports Medicine//Clinical Pathology/Health Education/Microbiology
Career Options after MBBS : Medical Administration, Clinical Research, Forensics , Physician, Sports Medicine, Academic Medicine

Also Read: Medical Courses Without NEET PG

Other Medical Subjects are as follows:

Molecular Imaging and Image Analysis
Regenerative Medicine
Medical Imaging
Biomaterials and Implants
Medical Statistics
Telemedicine
Biomedical Instrumentation
Clinical Biomarkers
Immuno-technology
Recombinant DNA Technology
Early Detection of Cancer
Biomedical Simulation


Anatomy Anesthesia Biochemistry Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy Forensic Medicine Geriatrics ENT General Surgery Obstetrics & Gynaecology Ophthalmology Orthopedics	Clinical Pathology Anesthesia Health Education DVL ENT Occupational Health Obstetrics & Gynaecology Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Pulmonary Medicine Sports Medicine Hospital Administration Immunohematology Microbiology Pathology Paediatrics Nuclear Medicine Psychiatry Radiotherapy	Clinical Pathology Anesthesia Health Education DVL ENT Occupational Health Obstetrics & Gynaecology Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Pulmonary Medicine Sports Medicine Hospital Administration Immunohematology Microbiology Pathology Pediatrics Nuclear Medicine Psychiatry Radiotherapy

What to do after MBBS Internship? After the MBBS internship, you can register yourself as a doctor with the Medical Council of India (MCI) or you pursue PG courses after MBBS like an MD/MCh or MBA in Healthcare, or a diploma in Psychiatry/Occupational Therapy/Sports Medicine/Clinical Pathology, etc.

Many people are also pursuing an MBA after MBBS so that they have a better knowledge of how to administer their staff and provide the best services. Additionally, MBA courses after MBBS opens up another door of opportunities for students. Moreover, the field of healthcare is revolutionizing due to people who wish to combine the learnings of an MBA degree to better deliverance in the healthcare sector. You can pursue numerous specialized degrees like MBA Healthcare Management or Hospital Management as well as Hospital Administration courses .


	2 years
MBA in Hospital Administration and	2 years
MBA in Healthcare Management	2 years
MBA in Hospital and Healthcare Management	2 years
PGD in Hospital Management	1-2 years
PGD in Health Management	1-2 years
PGD in Hospital Administration	1-2 years

Here are the Top Colleges to pursue MBA after MBBS in India:

XLRI Xavier School of Management, Jamshedpur
IITs Kharagpur, Delhi, Bombay , etc.
SP Jain Institute of Management and Research
Faculty of Management Studies, Delhi
SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai
Indian Institute of Foreign Trade Delhi
NIT, Tiruchhapalli
Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai

There is also an available option for a dual degree in MD and MBA. Enlisted are some of the popular colleges to pursue an MBA abroad:

UCLA Anderson School of Management, University of California
Columbia Business School , Columbia University
Darden School of Business, University of Virginia
The Fuqua School of Business , Duke University
The Goizueta School of Business, Emory University

PG Courses After MBBS 2024

Here are the best specialisations for MD/MBA/MTech/MS courses after MBBS:

MD in Aerospace Medicine
MD in Dermatology
MD in Forensic Medicine
MD in Radiodiagnosis
MTech Biomedical Engineering
MBA in Hospital and Healthcare Management
Masters in Public Administration
Masters in Healthcare Management
Masters in Hospital Administration
Master of Occupational Health and Safety Science
Masters in Medical Science & Technology
Masters in Epidemiology
MS in Clinical Psychology
MS in Gynecology
MS in Microbiology
MS in Cosmetic surgery
MCh in Neuro Surgery
MCh in Surgical Gastroenterology
MCh in Urology
MCh in Cardio-Thoracic Vascular Surgery

Most students choose to continue with their higher studies. In addition, in a field that is as diverse as medicine and that offers various opportunities and choices, there can be a sense of uncertainty regarding the area of specialization.

However, like the PhD indicates a higher level of qualification in fields of humanities and commerce etc. a Doctor of Medicine (MD) indicates a higher level of specialization among students pursuing medicine. Students can either pursue traditional specializations or those in upcoming areas in the field of medicine.

With advancements being made in the field of science and medicine daily, there is more knowledge around. Moreover, the upcoming streams also mean an opportunity to engage with those novel and upcoming specializations. One of the most popular upcoming courses after MBBS is a Masters in Medical Sciences and Technology, this new area combines both sciences and technology. Additionally, offered by limited universities to meritorious students, this course can take your career to places. The program concentrates on Medical Biotechnology, Bioinformatics, Healthcare Imaging, etc.

Another emerging and popular course after MBBS is the Occupational Health and Safety domain. These courses impart extensive knowledge and prepare the students to ensure the well-being of individuals. In addition, from tackling health-related ailments to preventing any kind of workplace disaster, the graduates will acquire many competencies throughout the journey of the course.

Career Options After MBBS

As the world of medical science is continuously progressing and leading towards many interdisciplinary specialisations, MBBS graduates can explore a plethora of career options in different fields after completing a medical degree. Here are some of the top alternative career options after MBBS:

Medical Teacher/Professor
Hospital Administration
Public Health Work
Medical Journalism & Medical Writing
Health Informatics & Analytics
Medico-Legal Advisor
Forensic Psychiatry
Radiology/Diagnostic Imaging
Clinical Forensic Medical Examiner
Sports Medicine
Transplant Coordinator
Medical or Pharmaceutical Researcher
Public Services ( UPSC , SSC , etc.)

Let’s get to know about these alternative career options after MBBS in further detail:

For those of you who want healthcare facilities to penetrate the remotest of areas, this is the most suitable alternative course after MBBS to pursue. Even though working in rural areas is a part of the MBBS programs in various countries including India, one can start their practice in these regions.

As an MBBS graduate, you are equipped with the essentials of the field of medicine and if you have a unique business idea which can contribute to the traditional healthcare domain, then entrepreneurship might be the suitable career path for you.

You can pursue an MBA in Entrepreneurship or even a diploma or short-term program to know the intricacies of running a business and then you can build yours from scratch!

Entrepreneurship is a lucrative and challenging career field and amongst the less-trodden paths and alternative courses after MBBS but is perfect for those passionate towards bringing innovation to the healthcare industry through their revolutionary ideas!

Additionally, concentrating on the reporting of medical news as well as dissemination of health-related research and studies in the media, the domain of Health and Medical Journalism is an interesting and emerging specialization offering one of the best alternative courses after MBBS.

You can work as a medical journalist disseminating news reports on recent medical studies as well as focusing on evidence-based news and reports to reach the common public of medical practices as well as publishing your work in medical journals.

Moreover, medical writers often work with pharmaceutical companies and medical journals where they draft clinical trial documents, write descriptions of the usage of the product, and research results, amongst others.

Also Read: A career in Hospital Administration

Though Banking is commonly considered a prominent field for Commerce students, MBBS graduates can also pursue this field especially to find lucrative career prospects in healthcare companies and organisations. Furthermore, by pursuing equity research and financial modelling courses after MBBS, you will be able to explore different opportunities apart from the traditional ones available for medical graduates.

Investment bankers and equity research analysts in Healthcare generally work with biotech firms and pharmaceuticals to advise them on the trends and changes in the health industry and also conduct industrial research to come up with new and dynamic healthcare equipment and products. Check out our blog on Investment Banking Courses to know more!

If you are more inclined towards academia, then you can also opt for MD or DM courses after MBBS and then apply for available vacancies in medical schools and colleges. Moreover, you can also opt for a PhD in Medicine and take up a specialization to gain expertise. PhD is amongst the top sought-after alternative courses after MBBS other than MD and other specialised medical programmes. After completing your PhD, you can then apply for lecturership in medical institutes and universities, thus moving towards a career in teaching along with pursuing research in your chosen field of interest.

Also Read: Healthcare Management Courses: All You Need To Know

For those aspiring to become an academician , then the best alternative course after MBBS for you is Academic Medicine. In Academic Medicine, medical practitioners not only work extensively in clinical practice and research but also take classes at medical schools and mentor research programs. Additionally, it is a lucrative and sought-after career option after MBBS if you have an interest in building a career in teaching.

Furthermore, to provide effective and efficient healthcare services to the masses at large, capturing, storing, and analyzing data is crucial. This is where the Health Informatics and Analytics course can come in handy. Available either in the form of a diploma or degree program, here are some of the universities that offer these unique alternative courses after MBBS:

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Centennial College
The George Washington University
University of Limerick
Griffith University

Clinical Research courses are among the top programs that can be pursued after MBBS. This area of study deals with the study of the effectiveness of different medical processes, drugs, and treatments that are subject to human use. Additionally, candidates willing to make a career in research can opt for this course to work at research labs of government departments and hospitals. A diploma course in this field is offered by many universities abroad.

Moreover, if you want to build a career in the medical industry but in a different specialization then master courses after MBBS in Sports and Medicine Exercise is the most suitable choice for you! Generally for a period of 1 to 2 years, these programs help in the overall skill development of the students apart from imparting knowledge on diseases, their course, and treatment through Exercise and Sports.

If you are searching for courses after MBBS other than PG, there are numerous non-clinical courses available across varied specialisations which you can opt for. Moreover, you can either pursue a diploma or MD in these non-clinical specialisations and gain a holistic understanding of your chosen area of study to broaden your career horizons. Here are some of the major non-clinical courses after MBBS for graduate diploma and MSc courses:

Community Medicine
Biochemistry
Microbiology
Forensic Medicine
Occupational Therapy
Depression Counselling
Social Psychology

Team Leverage Edu

10 comments

Thank you for sharing such great information.

Hi Arhaan, if you want to pursue a course after MBBS from universities abroad, let us help you out! Sign up for a free counselling session here – https://leverageedu.com/admissions/study-abroad-admission/ to get your career sorted!

Amazing, this information is truly unknown to me yet. Thank you for sharing such knowledge via your blog and article.

Hi there, thanks for your feedback! If you can’t decide which course to study after MBBS, let us help you out! Register for a FREE Career Counselling session here – https://leverageedu.com/admissions/study-abroad-admission/ .

All the material presented in the STEM course is the highest quality, the explanations are clear and understandable, all videos are provided with a review of learning the material, all the tasks are perfectly prepared. In addition, most importantly – the relevance and importance of materials and the positive attitude of teachers! Made cool! Thank you very much.

This was very helpful.

Very useful information

Difficult to decide course after mbbs abroad or in India

If you need help with deciding the best course for yourself after MBBS then get in touch with our experts at 1800572000 and let them assist you in finding the best-fit course and country based on your profile! Hope this helps.

Thank you so much for the information and also wanted to know the colleges for Mch in United States

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Completed your MBBS? Here are some of the careers you could pursue

Summary: Find out about the best career paths after completing your MBBS degree. Young Indian doctors, Choosing the way ahead after MBBS

After the completion of your MBBS course of five and a half years (including one year of internship), candidates are often under the misguided impression that their options are limited to clinical practice or teaching. But this couldn’t be further from the truth, since the sky is the limit when it comes to career options for those who have just completed their MBBS. Whether you already have your sights set on a particular career path or you’re still on the lookout for viable opportunities, this list should give you a better view of the entire medical field and help you decide where you fit in it.

1. Specialisation

The vast majority of MBBS graduates decide to specialise in one field or another as this gives them an in-depth knowledge of a particular field in the medical sector. You can choose to specialise in surgery and pursue an MS (Masters of Surgery) in general surgery, Anaesthesia, Traumatology, ENT or a number of other surgical specialities. Or you can choose to pursue an MD (Doctor of Medicine), which involves non-surgical specialisations such as Psychiatry, Physiology, Internal Medicine, Pathology, etc. Admissions to these courses are conducted through common entrance exams such as NEET and INI CET.

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2. diploma of national board.

A Diploma of the National Board is an equivalent qualification to the above-mentioned MS and MD degrees, awarded after completing a three-year residency. It is a centralised degree with one standard exam across the country, offered by the National Board of Examinations. Participants can choose from broad specialities or super specialities that cover a range of sectors similar to MS and MD degrees.

3. International Education

After completing your MBBS, you can also seek out further education or career opportunities abroad. In the UK, international students are required to pass their PLAB exams (of which there are two parts). To practice in the US, students are required to take the USMLE exam and get through the residency selection process. It should be noted that your chances of getting hired or accepted are increased if you hold a postgraduate degree (such as the specialisations mentioned above). In general, whether you wish to practice medicine abroad or do clinical research, you will be required to complete some form of an entrance test as well as gain a work permit. IDFC FIRST Bank offers an easy way of transferring funds abroad, download the IDFC FIRST banking app today!

MBA courses in the medical field are similar to other MBA programs but focused entirely on the medical sector. There are three main types of MBA degrees: you can pursue an MBA in Health Administration, MBA in Healthcare Management, or an MBA in Medical Management.

4. Combined Medical Services

Conducted by the Union Public Service Commission, this entrance test is held to select medical officers for various central and state posts in the health service sector. Posts range from Assistant Divisional Medical Officers in the Railways to junior scale posts in Central Health Services. Typically, fewer than 1000 vacancies are open for hire each year, so this is a highly competitive field. Once the selection is made, you become civil servants as part of the state or central government, in a medical or administrative capacity.

5. Defence Services

Upon completing your MBBS, you may also opt for a post in the Armed Forces. These posts are usually notified via advertisements when there are vacancies that need to be filled. Candidates need to take part in an interview and subsequent medical check-ups before they are assigned to the army, navy or air force. During your service, you might work with infantry units, within army hospitals, or even emergency services.

6. Private and Government Hospital Employment

While the demand for speciality doctors is always high, MBBS graduate doctors are also approached in great numbers. Even without a speciality, you can seek employment at private hospital chains such as Apollo, Fortis, etc. Usually, the posts offered to non-specialised doctors are Assistant Medical Officer or Resident Medical Officer. The same holds true for government hospitals - vacancies are listed in newspapers for junior and senior residents regularly, as hospitals are always seeking to increase the number of doctors on board.

7. MBA in the Medical Field

MBA courses in the medical field are similar to other MBA programs but focused entirely on the medical sector. There are three main types of MBA degrees: you can pursue an MBA in Health Administration, MBA in Healthcare Management, or an MBA in Medical Management. Candidates are taught a variety of topics ranging from Hospital Administration, Healthcare Management, Operational Management, Finance management, etc. Going this route can earn you a job at pharmaceutical companies, the health insurance sector and even the managing wings at hospitals.

8. Clinical Research

For many students, research is the ultimate goal of their career. Clinical research usually involves some form of residency or practice and various organisations such as ICMR and AIIMS offer research programmes. Students can opt for Masters in Public health (MPH) or an MD in Preventive and Social Medicine, both of which can lead to practical research work, especially if you work with WHO. Additionally, one can also pursue an MD in Pharmacology and work in the pharmaceutical sector, where research in medicine is in high demand.

9. Start A Clinic

Lastly, you can start your own clinic by yourself or with other doctors. This option is limited in scope as it requires a lot of capital upfront. You can seek out financial aid from family and friends, club together finances with a group of doctors to form a multi-doctor clinic or take out a loan. You will also need to register your business and get all the necessary permits before you start treating patients.

So, you see, there are options galore for those who have successfully completed their MBBS. Spend adequate time researching every choice, understanding your strengths, and then, choose accordingly.

The contents of this article/infographic/picture/video are meant solely for information purposes. The contents are generic in nature and for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for specific advice in your own circumstances. The information is subject to updation, completion, revision, verification and amendment and the same may change materially. The information is not intended for distribution or use by any person in any jurisdiction where such distribution or use would be contrary to law or regulation or would subject IDFC FIRST Bank or its affiliates to any licensing or registration requirements. IDFC FIRST Bank shall not be responsible for any direct/indirect loss or liability incurred by the reader for taking any financial decisions based on the contents and information mentioned. Please consult your financial advisor before making any financial decision.

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Explore the best courses after MBBS

Last updated: February 26, 2024

Home » Careers » Explore the best courses after MBBS

What to do after an MBBS degree? A big question for medical professionals after finishing the program After completing their MBBS programs, doctors look at all the possibilities, which can be confusing. That’s why we curated this article to help you find the most significant medical job possibilities, short-term and long-term courses after MBBS.

Medical PG (Postgraduate) education seeks experts who can deliver top-notch medical treatment and contribute to scientific advancement via training and research. A graduate of the MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) program may want to think about pursuing advanced degrees in their areas of interest, such as the Master of Business Administration (MBA), Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Master of Surgery (MS) and many more. Examining all the PG programs available after MBBS may assist medical students in choosing the profession and career path that best fits their aptitude.

MD/MS Eligibility for NEET PG INI CET

Dnb courses after mbbs.

M.Tech in Biomedical Engineering

MD/MS Courses after MBBS

Most doctors decide to move on to higher education. A sense of confusion over the area of specialization might exist in a discipline as broad as medicine. After MBBS, the most popular path selected by those wishing to continue in the medical field is MD and MS. MBBS graduates can choose to specialize in established areas of medicine or emerging ones or can choose from their interests. There is a very good answer by Dr Chirag Bansal on ‘How should I choose a PG branch after MBBS?’

MD Specializations after MBBS

A three-year postgraduate program leads to a doctor of medicine. Here are several MD specializations to consider –

General Medicine
Palliative Medicine
Forensic Medicine
Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion
Aerospace Medicine
Community Medicine
Health Administration
Anaesthesiology
Biochemistry
Infectious Diseases
Nuclear Medicine
Medical Genetics
Microbiology
Pharmacology

MS Specializations After MBBS

While both degrees are three years long, the field of specialty for a three-year Master of Science (MS) program differs from that of a three-year Doctor of Medicine (MD) program. Focusing on surgical techniques and expert surgical skills may be an option for MS students.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology
General Surgery
Ophthalmology
Traumatology and Surgery
Orthopedics

The two major entrance exams are conducted nationally to get admission to various MD/MD courses. INI CET for getting admission in AIIMS and NEET PG will help you to get admission in different state, central government colleges and top private universities

Age Requirements

There are no age restrictions in the NEET PG 2024 application.

Attempt Limit

No maximum number of retakes is permitted for the NEET PG test, according to NBE. Applicants can retake the exam as many as necessary to gain admission to the program or organization of their choice.

Essential Requirements

Candidates must have earned their MBBS degree from an institution recognized by the Medical Council of India (MCI). They must finish a 12-month internship to be eligible to sit for the NEET PG test.

Document of Registration

A current Registration Certificate issued by the Medical Council of India (MCI) or a State Medical Council (SMC) is required of applicants for NEET PG. A copy of this registration certificate must be made available for verification on the exam day. The candidate won’t be allowed to take the test if they can’t provide the Registration Certificate.

DNB Courses after MBBS

For an MBBS graduate, pursuing their goal of becoming a specialized doctor is the second-best course of action.
The National Board of Examinations offers the post-graduate degree program known as DNB(Diplomate of National Board), which has MCI approval.
Even yet, DNB has several drawbacks. First, based on your course and the hospital where you complete your system, the passing rate for DNB is relatively low.
Second, more MD/MS candidates are given importance than DNB candidates in hospitals.

The three-year course gives information on their chosen industry and the abilities they need to handle emergencies. Students must complete an MBBS degree with at least 50% of the possible points to enroll in this postgraduate diploma program provided by the National Board of Examinations.

Individuals wanting to enroll in DNB courses offered by NBE must qualify NEET PG. The following are the courses available in the postgraduate DNB course:

DNB (Dermatology and Venereology)
DNB (Anesthesiology)
DNB (Obstetrics and Gynaecology)
DNB (Ophthalmology)
DNB (Nuclear Medicine)
DNB (Paediatrics)
DNB (Orthopaedics)
DNB (Otorhinolaryngology)
DNB (Psychiatry)
DNB (Radiodiagnosis)
DNB (Pathology)
DNB (Radiotherapy)
DNB (Physiatry/Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation)
DNB (Respiratory Disease)

Make sure there is no peer pressure while selecting specializations. These PG courses will decide your way of life in the future. A thoughtful and informed choice is therefore required in this situation.

DNB Eligibility Requirements:

DNB has the same eligibility requirements as MD/MS that you can refer to above.

Postgraduate Diploma Course:

A two-year postgraduate diploma program is available after the MBBS. It will be beneficial to gain more knowledge and practical experience. The specialities following MBBS fall into three categories: clinical, non-clinical, and paraclinical. The distinction between them is whether you directly diagnose or treat patients while providing direct care. Clinical positions need direct patient contact, whereas non-clinical roles may occasionally call for patient contact but do not diagnose patients. Additionally, more engagement in inpatient treatment in paraclinical fields must be increased.

Anesthesia (DA)
Clinical Pathology (DCP)
Ophthalmology (DO)
Pediatrics (DCH
Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGO)
Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy (DDVL)
Radio Diagnosis (DMRD)
Radiotherapy (DMRT)
Orthopaedics (D Orth)
Psychiatry (DPM)
Diabetology ( D Diab)
Geriatrics (PGDGM)
Family Medicine
Health Education (DHE.)
Microbiology (D.Micro)

Masters Courses after MBBS

Masters in medical science & technology (mmst).

There is more knowledge available since science and medicine are developing constantly. The following streams also provide a chance to discuss those books and the forthcoming specializations. Masters in Medical Sciences and Technology is another most sought-after post-MBBS degree since it integrates science and technology. This education can further your career and is only available to deserving students at select colleges. The program focuses on healthcare imaging, bioinformatics, and other related topics.

The prerequisite for admission to MMST programs is a Medical Council of India (MCI)-recognized MBBS degree with a minimum cumulative score of 55% and successful completion of mathematics at the 10+2 level (even as an extra subject) or from any accredited Open University.

Public Health

There are two courses available in India: Master of Public Health and Postgraduate Diploma in Public Health, both having a course duration of 2 years. The course is very popular among medical students, and the curriculum is set up to emphasize public health services over research and instruction. In addition to dealing with challenges relating to public health by offering various remedies, such as health awareness programs, the program provides public health maintenance.

Eligibility . The following are the minimum eligibility requirements set by the universities to be eligible for access to the Master of Public Health program:

Candidates must possess a bachelor’s degree in professional health sciences, such as MBBS, BDS, BPT, nursing, biomedical engineering, or another related discipline.
Additionally, some colleges and universities require applicants to have a bachelor’s degree with a minimum cumulative GPA of 50% to be considered for admission.

Masters in Health Administration (MHA)

It is a 2-year postgraduate degree program in health administration that MBBS graduates can pursue. The course helps the doctors in administering multi-speciality hospitals and clinics. The program mainly focus on effective administration and work as top management in a multi-speciality hospital or medical facility. The course will impart knowledge on Marketing and strategic planning, Accounting, Hospital or nursing home administration, Quality management and performance, etc. Many hospitals have created a demand for doctors with the MHA course in order to enhance their hospital functions and services. There are similar courses provided by different institutes in the name of MBA, and you can look into that as well.

M.Tech in Biomedical Engineering

Following MBBS, doctors can purse MTech in biomedical Engineering. This course is for those who want to pursue the technical side of the medicinal realm. Depending on the university one chooses, this postgraduate degree might last between one and two years. The industry is flooded with opportunities for Biomedical Engineering professionals. It is available in the IITs for students who desire to pursue jobs creating medical devices, developing devices, and making equipment to improve healthcare.

Depending on the institution or institute offering the program, the requirements for admission to the M.Tech. in Biomedical Engineering program may change. But these are the primary becoming eligible requirements:

A minimum cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 50% is required for candidates.
The candidate’s GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) score must be current.

MBA Courses after MBBS

Many professionals who have completed their MBBS also pursue an MBA to manage their team better and deliver the finest services. Following an MBBS degree, MBA programs provide doctors access to other options. People who want to integrate the knowledge gained from an MBA degree with the healthcare industry’s delivery are revolutionizing and improving healthcare. You may enroll in courses for hospital administration and various specialized degrees, including the MBA in Healthcare Management.


MBA in Healthcare	2 years
MBA in Hospital Administration and Healthcare Management	2 years
MBA in Healthcare Management	2 years
MBA in Hospital and Healthcare Management	2 years

PhD program:

The Ph.D. course combines a significant amount of research with classroom instruction, undergraduate student mentorship, and other components. After MBBS, you can pursue a Ph.D. in the field of your interest. The MBBS graduates can pursue higher studies by opting for a PhD program in research and development offered by various renowned institutes such as the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), St John’s Research Institute and many more.

In addition to having a qualifying degree, candidates have to pass a national test such as the AIIMS PhD exam, CSIR-UGC NET, ICMR JRF/SRF, DBT JRF/SRF, INSPIRE Fellowship and JGEEBILS. Thereafter, they will be chosen for the Ph.D. programs based on how well they do in the interviews.

Non-clinical and para-clinical Courses After MBBS

Several non-clinical and para-clinical courses are available across many specializations that you may choose from if you’re looking for courses other than clinical PG courses after MBBS. It is a 2 or 3-year MSc course, depending on the college. Following MBBS, some of the popular non-clinical courses for graduate diploma and MSc programs are as follows:

Clinical Psychology
Medical Genetics & Genomic
Echocardiography

Courses after MBBS without NEET PG and INI CET

Courses are available for MBBS graduates who are not interested in taking NEET PG or INI CET exams. There are opportunities in management, other multidisciplinary employment sectors, research, and several non-medical career courses after MBBS. You can get admission in colleges through merit basis as well. Following MBBS, some well-liked courses but without NEET PG or INI CET include:

Master of Public Health
MBA in Hospital Management and Hospital Administration
MBA in Bioinformatics
MSc in Computational Biology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Physiology etc
MBA/Masters in Pharmaceutical Marketing
Quality Management and Control
Medical Administration

Jobs After MBBS:

Junior Doctor: After MBBS, you can kickstart your career as a junior doctor in a government hospital or a private hospital. The salary structure will be good, and you will get a permanent job, which is the best option for an MBBS graduate who wants to work.

Private firms: There is always a requirement for MBBS graduates to work in top multinational insurance and analytics firms. You can earn a decent salary by joining as a claims specialist and medical officer, respectively.

Healthcare informatics: If one is strong at statistics, choosing a profession in healthcare informatics would be advisable. In this field, one would mix medical knowledge with analytics and collaborate with a marketing research team for optimal output.

Medical writers: MBBS graduates can work as medical writers for any organization, corporation, or institute involved in the healthcare industry. You will be able to communicate your medical knowledge in a way that will support the mission and vision of the brand you want to build success with.

The employment market is abundant for doctors pursuing courses after MBBS . Their medical expertise and managerial abilities enable them to broaden their horizons and open their practices or clinics. The blend of the latest medical trends and your interest will be the best course you can opt for after MBBS.

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5 Career Paths you should know after MBBS

Posted by : mr anand dhillon / posted on: jun 10, 2017.

MBBS is one of the most sought after profession in India and abroad which promises an individual ample scope and job opportunities after course completion.

So the Top 5 Career Paths after MBBS are as follows:

1. POST GRADUATION

Most aspiring Doctors, who want to practice their craft, want to choose this option. Post Graduation course in Medicine are as follows:

PG – SPECIALITY

PG Speciality courses are broadly classified into MD (Doctor of Medicine) and MS (Master of Surgery).

Selection Criteria: Merit Basis on performance in PG NEET exam.

Even after multiple attempts many aspirants are unable to get a seat as the seats are extremely limited as compared to the number of applicants.

Course Duration: 3 years.

PG – DIPLOMA

The Medical Council of India (MCI) has listed around 61 PG diploma courses after MBBS.

Course Duration: 2 years

Diplomate of National Board (DNB) is the title awarded by the National Board of Examinations (NBE), an autonomous academic body under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India to candidates who successfully complete their postgraduate or postdoctoral medical education under it.

DNB is considered equivalent to MD/MS/DM/MCh.

Course Duration: 3 years

2. POST GRADUATE STUDIES ABROAD

Many Indian Medical graduates plan to pursue their PG medical studies in USA or UK.

For PG in USA, aspirants have to qualify in USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination). It is a 3 step examination and one of the most challenging examinations in the world. Though success ratio of Indians at clearing USMLE and gaining residency in USA is very less, but those who manage to can expect a bright future.

PLAB (Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board) is the licensure examination for residency in UK. Though challenging, it is comparatively easier than USMLE. There are coaching classes which prepare aspirants for these examinations. With some guidance it can be worth giving it a try.

3. RESEARCH

There a few research universities in India like NIMHANS that admit doctors directly to their research programs based on merit. Some of them also have their individual entrance exams. Such institutes mostly offer Ph.D. along with fellowship.

4. MASTERS IN HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT (MHA)

Advancement in technology and its incorporation in Hospitals has made it important for competent manpower to manage it effectively.

Masters in Hospitality Management (MHA) teaches multidisciplinary conceptual skills to protect the medical profession and clients from unnecessary litigation, human resource development, quality and risk management, environment conservation, marketing and product diversification and logistic emergency management.

The MHA programme aims to prepare a candidate to assume the responsibilities of a hospital administrator or executive in a government or corporate or any other hospital. The Indian healthcare sector is experiencing an exponential growth and is an excellent career option after MBBS.

5. CLINICAL PRACTICE

If you are unable to crack PG entrance exam, it is better to continue practice and keep preparations on for the exams. That will also add experience to your resume when you apply for a PG seat. You can practice at:

Government hospitals: Full time basis or Contract basis.

Private Hospitals: Private hospitals are always looking for talented practitioners.

Private Clinics or Nursing Homes: These are good options to work at as you can give more time to your PG preparation.

I hope these options give you an insight into the key career paths that you can follow.

Please do like and share this article with your friends to help us spread the knowledge.

Mr. Anand Dhillon [M.B.A.] .

Anand has been involved in Counselling Students, Professionals about various career paths in India & Overseas for over 6 years. EDIFICE EDUCATION is his endeavour to provide for courses like MBBS, Engineering, MBA, Hospitality & Tourism.

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Higher Studies after MBBS: Career Options and Scope

Updated On: May 09, 2024 04:25 pm IST

There are various opportunities for students who have completed their MBBS course in the government as well as the private sector. Graduates can choose to pursue post-graduation or take up jobs after completing the MBBS programme.

What to expect after MBBS?

Pg specialisations after completing mbbs:, forthcoming courses in medical science and technology, options for studying abroad, mbbs courses and career options:.

Other Opportunities After MBBS

Higher Studies after MBBS: Completing a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) is a major milestone for any aspiring medical professional. However, it is often just the beginning of a long and fulfilling career in medicine. After obtaining an MBBS degree , many doctors choose to pursue higher studies in a specialized field of medicine. This can lead to greater career opportunities, higher salaries, and the ability to make a greater impact on patient care. In this article, we will explore the different options available to those who wish to pursue higher studies after MBBS, and the benefits that come with this further education.

After completing an MBBS degree, there are several paths that a medical graduate can choose to follow. One option is to enter the workforce as a general practitioner or a resident doctor in a hospital. Another option is to pursue higher studies in a specialized field of medicine, such as cardiology, neurology, or surgery.

If a medical graduate decides to pursue higher studies, they can expect to undergo rigorous training and education in their chosen field. This may involve completing a postgraduate degree, such as a Master of Science in Medicine or a Doctor of Medicine (MD), or undergoing a residency program. These programs typically last for several years and involve both coursework and practical training.

During higher studies, medical graduates can expect to gain a deeper understanding of their chosen field and develop advanced skills and knowledge. They may also have the opportunity to conduct research and publish academic papers. In addition, higher studies can open up new career opportunities, including roles in academia or research.

Traditional Specialisations after completing MBBS

When candidates are deciding what to do after completing MBBS, they pursue a certain specialisation in their area of interest and passion. Medicos mostly prefer courses such as an MD/MS or a Diploma in Medicine. When it comes to admission to MD/MS courses in India, it takes place through some common PG entrance exams such as NEET PG and INI CET. Various specialisations available under MD, MS and different diploma programs are stated in the table given below:


ENT	Anatomy	Anaesthesia
General Surgery	Aerospace Medicine	Clinical Pathology
Obstetrics and Gynaecology	Anaesthesia	DVL
Ophthalmology	Biochemistry	ENT
Orthopaedics	Community Medicine	Health Education
-	Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy	Immunohaematology
-	Family Medicine	Obstetrics and Gynaecology
-	Forensic Medicine	Occupational Health
-	General Medicine	Ophthalmology
-	Geriatrics	Orthopaedics
-	Health Administration	Paediatrics
-	Immunohematology	Psychiatry
-	Microbiology	Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
-	Nuclear Medicine	Pulmonary Medicine
-	Paediatrics	Radiodiagnosis
-	Pharmacology	Radiation Medicine
-	Psychiatry	Sports Medicine
-	Physiology	Tropical Medicine
-	Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation	-
-	Pulmonary Medicine	-
-	Radiodiagnosis	-
-	Radiotherapy	-
-	Tropical Medicine	-
-	Sports Medicine	-

One of the most promising and upcoming streams is a Masters in Medical Science and Technology. Under this course, doctors are trained for top-notch medical research in various aspects such as Medical Imaging and Image Analysis, Regenerative Medicine, Biomaterials and Implants, Medical Statistics, Stem Cells, Telemedicine, Early Cancer Detection, Biomedical Instrumentation, Immuno-technology, Clinical Biomarkers, Recombinant DNA Technology, Biosensors, Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Simulation.

MBBS graduates can also choose to pursue higher studies in various countries but the process of studying medicine abroad is different. For example, if one wishes to study medicine in the UK, they have to appear for the PLAB exam. Similarly, in the USA, there is USMLE for aspiring post-graduation candidates and Australia has the Australia Medical Council which conducts the AMC exams. All these exams will help students begin their post-graduation studies in their respective countries along with job opportunities after the completion of their course.


MD or MS	MD or MS are the most favourable options after completing MBBS. These are both post-graduate degrees that help Doctors to acquire advanced education in various specialisations of medicine.	With the help of these degrees, Doctors acquire advanced knowledge that helps them in getting better jobs on the basis of their practice. It is a well-known fact that surgeons and qualified physicians are required across the world.	Rs. 25,000 to Rs. 3 lakh per month (depending on hospital where the Doctor is employed)
Diploma of National Board(DNB)	DNB is another good option after completing MBBS. The course is offered by the National Board of Examinations and is approved by the Medical Council of India (MCI).	Individuals with a DNB are less in demand than individuals with MD or MS, however, there are various hospitals and medical facilities that hire qualified DNB holders.	Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 45,000 per month
Combined Medical Services(CMS)	UPSC conducts the Combined Medical Services exam every year for selecting Doctors who can cater to the medical facilities of different government departments.	On clearing the CMA exam and interview, candidates are offered the role of doctors in different government offices such as Railway, Medical Departments, Municipal Corporations, etc.	Rs. 15,600 to Rs. 80,000 per month
	Another field that has emerged for doctors who want to work in the corporate sector is MBA in hospital management. Some of the top b-schools including IIMs, FMS Delhi, IBS Hyderabad, etc. offer courses in this field.	Pursuing an MBA can open your chances of getting jobs in multinational pharmaceutical companies, manage operations at big hospitals such Fortis, Apollo Hospital, etc. One can also choose to work with health insurance organisations.	Rs. 60,000 to Rs. 2.5 lakh per month
Clinical Research	Since research in the field of Medicine is one of the unexplored areas in India, you can devote yourself to come up with innovative and helpful medical findings.	There are various organisations in India that offer research programmes and jobs including Indian Council for Medical Research, , , etc. Jobs are also offered by organisations such as WHO.	Rs. 12,000 to Rs. 25,000 per month for freshers.
	It is another postgraduate medical programme (MD). The duration of this programme is 3 years and it provides education useful in the field of health administration.	Candidates who successfully complete this programme are hired to manage big hospitals, health care centres, clinics and insurance companies at high salaries.	Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 40,000 per month
Primary Health Centres	Candidates who seek more field experience can also work in rural areas in order to add value to their education.	There are various primary health centres started by the government as well as private organisations that offer job opportunities to fresh MBBS graduates.	Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 25,000 per month
Starting Private Clinic	If you have enough capital, you can also start your own clinic and practice.	It is important to do a local survey in order to ensure that the clinic performs well and gives the expected ROI.	Rs.30,000 to Rs. 80,000 per month

Also Read: BAMS vs BHMS: Eligibility, Fees, Job Scope and Salary

Other Opportunities After MBBS

There are many opportunities available for MBBS graduates after completing graduate studies such as:

Working for the Government in Various Health Service Departments

The central and state government recruits MBBS graduates in different government job profiles and the recruitment process is mostly done through the Combined Medical Services (CMS). Through the CMS, UPSC recruits doctors for several central government institutes like Railways, Government hospitals, Municipal corporations, and dispensaries. These are permanent jobs and eventually, candidates are also offered administrative work in different government health services. There are also many state-service exams that open doors to job opportunities for MBBS graduates in different states.

Also Read: Difference between UPSC CMS and NEET PG

Jobs in Defence Service

Jobs in the defence sector is not limited to engineers and other graduates- doctors are equally in demand for defence services such as the army, navy, and air force. MBBS graduates are recruited by the Indian Defence Ministry who work in the infantry units, and army hospitals, as well as provide emergency services. These medical graduates recruited by the Indian Defence Ministry are also trained in military camps and then appointed to permanent positions. This training is important so that doctors can work in sync with all army personnel, and gauge the emergency situations wherever army and defence personnel are required to step in and rescue people or provide them with relief.

Jobs in Hospital Chains

There are various hospital chains operating in the private sector where wonderful work opportunities are available for MBBS graduates who are yet to decide what they want to do further in their field of education and career. Some of the topmost hospital chains in this category are Apollo Hospitals, Fortis Hospitals, and Max Hospitals. Doctors working in these private hospitals are always rewarded with a handsome salary.

Research Opportunities and Academics

MBBS doctors with an inclination and passion for research can find it very satisfying to pursue the same and become a part of the academic community. They will be responsible for training aspiring doctors and medical professionals. Several top pharmaceutical firms offer promising job prospects to medicos in their units of research and development. Many renowned and esteemed medical institutions offer excellent research opportunities such as AIIMS, PGIMER, JIPMER, ICMR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), etc.

Career in Administration or Hospital Management

MBBS graduates with management skills can choose to study Hospital Management and improve their knowledge of medicine along with honing their capability of handling a management role. We are well aware of the fact that if a hospital's day-to-day activities are well-managed, then the services are highly organised and the hospital body becomes immensely functional. There are abundant hospitals that recruit doctors wherever they deem fit for managerial positions. Doctors are equipped with the knowledge of understanding certain problems better than others and they can tackle challenges in a much more efficient way. Such doctors in the health and hospital management industry are highly sought after. In most cases, doctors who have completed their MBBS course and pursued management programs in their post-graduation studies are offered such positions. There are several Masters-level programs namely Health Administration and Hospital Management where doctors are taught to manage multi-specialty hospitals, different special clinics, and insurance companies, to name a few.

Scope in Biomedical Engineering and Sciences

Candidates who have a flair for technology, machines and how they work can also opt for their higher studies in the specialised field of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences. They will be working on the development of machines and instruments that will be put to use in different healthcare services. These courses require students to acquire engineering skills and strategies in order to make advancements and inventions in the field of medical science which will in return improve the healthcare industry and provide better medical care.

Self-employed Through Private Clinics and/or Public Health

Many medicos choose to set up a clinic of their own and begin their practise of medicine at a private firm. However, it comes with its own set of challenges. But many MBBS graduates choose this option to gain hands-on experience and earn money at the same time.

The demand for doctors in the field of public health is also increasing day by day. There are a lot of career opportunities in this field where professionals can become social workers, research consultants, counsellors, entrepreneurs, trainers, and also work in the psychiatric department. Other than that, MBBS graduates who are considering working for NGOs also need to keep in mind that not every job offered by NGOs is unpaid. Some of the prominent NGOs that offer excellent work opportunities are WHO, UNO, and Medecins Sans Frontieres.

NEET Aspirants Talk About Their Future Plans After MBBS - Video

For more focused options on what after MBBS, it is also essential that you choose the right medical colleges and MBBS specialisations carefully. Find out the medical colleges that offer the best courses and ROI for MBBS programmes at CollegeDekho .

Are you feeling lost and unsure about what career path to take after completing 12th standard?

Say goodbye to confusion and hello to a bright future!

No. Candidates who seek more field experience can work in any rural area to add value to their education. If you have sufficient capital, you can start your own clinic and practice.

It takes 3 years to complete the Master in Health Administration program.

Yes, various organizations actually! Organizations like Indian Council for Medical Research, AIIMS, TIFR, etc. provide research programs and jobs are also offered by organisations like WHO.

Yes. Doctors who want to work in the corporate sector after MBBS, can apply for MBA in Hospital Management and focus on the management side of pharmaceutical companies, big hospitals or health insurance organisations.

UPSC conducts the Combined Medical Services (CMS) exam every year for selecting the Doctors who can cater to the medical facilities of different government departments.

Candidates will be eligible for Combined Medical Services (CMS) when they clear the CMS exam and the interview following that.

Individuals with a DNB are usually less in demand than individuals with MD or MS. But still, there are various hospitals and medical facilities that hire qualified DNB holders.

Yes. Both MD and MS are the most favourable options after completing MBBS. These are post-graduate degrees that help Doctors to acquire advanced education in various specializations of medicine. It is a well-known fact that surgeons and qualified physicians are required across the world!

Career/course options that will be available for you, after MBBS are:

Diploma of National Board (DNB)

Combined Medical Services (CMS)

MBA in Hospital Management

Clinical Research

Masters in Health Administration

Primary Health Centres

Starting Private Clinics

After completing MBBS, you can opt to either pursue higher study programmes like MD/MS, MBA in Hospital Management, Masters in Health Administration, etc. or open your own clinic or work in a health care centre.

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Democratic National Convention (DNC) in Chicago

Samantha Putterman, PolitiFact Samantha Putterman, PolitiFact

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Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/fact-checking-warnings-from-democrats-about-project-2025-and-donald-trump

Fact-checking warnings from Democrats about Project 2025 and Donald Trump

This fact check originally appeared on PolitiFact .

Project 2025 has a starring role in this week’s Democratic National Convention.

And it was front and center on Night 1.

WATCH: Hauling large copy of Project 2025, Michigan state Sen. McMorrow speaks at 2024 DNC

“This is Project 2025,” Michigan state Sen. Mallory McMorrow, D-Royal Oak, said as she laid a hardbound copy of the 900-page document on the lectern. “Over the next four nights, you are going to hear a lot about what is in this 900-page document. Why? Because this is the Republican blueprint for a second Trump term.”

Vice President Kamala Harris, the Democratic presidential nominee, has warned Americans about “Trump’s Project 2025” agenda — even though former President Donald Trump doesn’t claim the conservative presidential transition document.

“Donald Trump wants to take our country backward,” Harris said July 23 in Milwaukee. “He and his extreme Project 2025 agenda will weaken the middle class. Like, we know we got to take this seriously, and can you believe they put that thing in writing?”

Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz, Harris’ running mate, has joined in on the talking point.

“Don’t believe (Trump) when he’s playing dumb about this Project 2025. He knows exactly what it’ll do,” Walz said Aug. 9 in Glendale, Arizona.

Trump’s campaign has worked to build distance from the project, which the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank, led with contributions from dozens of conservative groups.

Much of the plan calls for extensive executive-branch overhauls and draws on both long-standing conservative principles, such as tax cuts, and more recent culture war issues. It lays out recommendations for disbanding the Commerce and Education departments, eliminating certain climate protections and consolidating more power to the president.

Project 2025 offers a sweeping vision for a Republican-led executive branch, and some of its policies mirror Trump’s 2024 agenda, But Harris and her presidential campaign have at times gone too far in describing what the project calls for and how closely the plans overlap with Trump’s campaign.

PolitiFact researched Harris’ warnings about how the plan would affect reproductive rights, federal entitlement programs and education, just as we did for President Joe Biden’s Project 2025 rhetoric. Here’s what the project does and doesn’t call for, and how it squares with Trump’s positions.

Are Trump and Project 2025 connected?

To distance himself from Project 2025 amid the Democratic attacks, Trump wrote on Truth Social that he “knows nothing” about it and has “no idea” who is in charge of it. (CNN identified at least 140 former advisers from the Trump administration who have been involved.)

The Heritage Foundation sought contributions from more than 100 conservative organizations for its policy vision for the next Republican presidency, which was published in 2023.

Project 2025 is now winding down some of its policy operations, and director Paul Dans, a former Trump administration official, is stepping down, The Washington Post reported July 30. Trump campaign managers Susie Wiles and Chris LaCivita denounced the document.

WATCH: A look at the Project 2025 plan to reshape government and Trump’s links to its authors

However, Project 2025 contributors include a number of high-ranking officials from Trump’s first administration, including former White House adviser Peter Navarro and former Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson.

A recently released recording of Russell Vought, a Project 2025 author and the former director of Trump’s Office of Management and Budget, showed Vought saying Trump’s “very supportive of what we do.” He said Trump was only distancing himself because Democrats were making a bogeyman out of the document.

Project 2025 wouldn’t ban abortion outright, but would curtail access

The Harris campaign shared a graphic on X that claimed “Trump’s Project 2025 plan for workers” would “go after birth control and ban abortion nationwide.”

The plan doesn’t call to ban abortion nationwide, though its recommendations could curtail some contraceptives and limit abortion access.

What’s known about Trump’s abortion agenda neither lines up with Harris’ description nor Project 2025’s wish list.

Project 2025 says the Department of Health and Human Services Department should “return to being known as the Department of Life by explicitly rejecting the notion that abortion is health care.”

It recommends that the Food and Drug Administration reverse its 2000 approval of mifepristone, the first pill taken in a two-drug regimen for a medication abortion. Medication is the most common form of abortion in the U.S. — accounting for around 63 percent in 2023.

If mifepristone were to remain approved, Project 2025 recommends new rules, such as cutting its use from 10 weeks into pregnancy to seven. It would have to be provided to patients in person — part of the group’s efforts to limit access to the drug by mail. In June, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected a legal challenge to mifepristone’s FDA approval over procedural grounds.

WATCH: Trump’s plans for health care and reproductive rights if he returns to White House The manual also calls for the Justice Department to enforce the 1873 Comstock Act on mifepristone, which bans the mailing of “obscene” materials. Abortion access supporters fear that a strict interpretation of the law could go further to ban mailing the materials used in procedural abortions, such as surgical instruments and equipment.

The plan proposes withholding federal money from states that don’t report to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention how many abortions take place within their borders. The plan also would prohibit abortion providers, such as Planned Parenthood, from receiving Medicaid funds. It also calls for the Department of Health and Human Services to ensure that the training of medical professionals, including doctors and nurses, omits abortion training.

The document says some forms of emergency contraception — particularly Ella, a pill that can be taken within five days of unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy — should be excluded from no-cost coverage. The Affordable Care Act requires most private health insurers to cover recommended preventive services, which involves a range of birth control methods, including emergency contraception.

Trump has recently said states should decide abortion regulations and that he wouldn’t block access to contraceptives. Trump said during his June 27 debate with Biden that he wouldn’t ban mifepristone after the Supreme Court “approved” it. But the court rejected the lawsuit based on standing, not the case’s merits. He has not weighed in on the Comstock Act or said whether he supports it being used to block abortion medication, or other kinds of abortions.

Project 2025 doesn’t call for cutting Social Security, but proposes some changes to Medicare

“When you read (Project 2025),” Harris told a crowd July 23 in Wisconsin, “you will see, Donald Trump intends to cut Social Security and Medicare.”

The Project 2025 document does not call for Social Security cuts. None of its 10 references to Social Security addresses plans for cutting the program.

Harris also misleads about Trump’s Social Security views.

In his earlier campaigns and before he was a politician, Trump said about a half-dozen times that he’s open to major overhauls of Social Security, including cuts and privatization. More recently, in a March 2024 CNBC interview, Trump said of entitlement programs such as Social Security, “There’s a lot you can do in terms of entitlements, in terms of cutting.” However, he quickly walked that statement back, and his CNBC comment stands at odds with essentially everything else Trump has said during the 2024 presidential campaign.

Trump’s campaign website says that not “a single penny” should be cut from Social Security. We rated Harris’ claim that Trump intends to cut Social Security Mostly False.

Project 2025 does propose changes to Medicare, including making Medicare Advantage, the private insurance offering in Medicare, the “default” enrollment option. Unlike Original Medicare, Medicare Advantage plans have provider networks and can also require prior authorization, meaning that the plan can approve or deny certain services. Original Medicare plans don’t have prior authorization requirements.

The manual also calls for repealing health policies enacted under Biden, such as the Inflation Reduction Act. The law enabled Medicare to negotiate with drugmakers for the first time in history, and recently resulted in an agreement with drug companies to lower the prices of 10 expensive prescriptions for Medicare enrollees.

Trump, however, has said repeatedly during the 2024 presidential campaign that he will not cut Medicare.

Project 2025 would eliminate the Education Department, which Trump supports

The Harris campaign said Project 2025 would “eliminate the U.S. Department of Education” — and that’s accurate. Project 2025 says federal education policy “should be limited and, ultimately, the federal Department of Education should be eliminated.” The plan scales back the federal government’s role in education policy and devolves the functions that remain to other agencies.

Aside from eliminating the department, the project also proposes scrapping the Biden administration’s Title IX revision, which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. It also would let states opt out of federal education programs and calls for passing a federal parents’ bill of rights similar to ones passed in some Republican-led state legislatures.

Republicans, including Trump, have pledged to close the department, which gained its status in 1979 within Democratic President Jimmy Carter’s presidential Cabinet.

In one of his Agenda 47 policy videos, Trump promised to close the department and “to send all education work and needs back to the states.” Eliminating the department would have to go through Congress.

What Project 2025, Trump would do on overtime pay

In the graphic, the Harris campaign says Project 2025 allows “employers to stop paying workers for overtime work.”

The plan doesn’t call for banning overtime wages. It recommends changes to some Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA, regulations and to overtime rules. Some changes, if enacted, could result in some people losing overtime protections, experts told us.

The document proposes that the Labor Department maintain an overtime threshold “that does not punish businesses in lower-cost regions (e.g., the southeast United States).” This threshold is the amount of money executive, administrative or professional employees need to make for an employer to exempt them from overtime pay under the Fair Labor Standards Act.

In 2019, the Trump’s administration finalized a rule that expanded overtime pay eligibility to most salaried workers earning less than about $35,568, which it said made about 1.3 million more workers eligible for overtime pay. The Trump-era threshold is high enough to cover most line workers in lower-cost regions, Project 2025 said.

The Biden administration raised that threshold to $43,888 beginning July 1, and that will rise to $58,656 on Jan. 1, 2025. That would grant overtime eligibility to about 4 million workers, the Labor Department said.

It’s unclear how many workers Project 2025’s proposal to return to the Trump-era overtime threshold in some parts of the country would affect, but experts said some would presumably lose the right to overtime wages.

Other overtime proposals in Project 2025’s plan include allowing some workers to choose to accumulate paid time off instead of overtime pay, or to work more hours in one week and fewer in the next, rather than receive overtime.

Trump’s past with overtime pay is complicated. In 2016, the Obama administration said it would raise the overtime to salaried workers earning less than $47,476 a year, about double the exemption level set in 2004 of $23,660 a year.

But when a judge blocked the Obama rule, the Trump administration didn’t challenge the court ruling. Instead it set its own overtime threshold, which raised the amount, but by less than Obama.

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Study finds sex-based disparities in outcomes after cardiac surgery

by Brigham and Women’s Hospital

New research suggests that women who develop postoperative atrial fibrillation (poAF) after cardiac surgery are at greater risk of death than men. A study led by Mass General Brigham researchers found that women may have protective factors against the development of poAF, but once it develops, they may be more vulnerable to its associated long-term morbidities.

The researchers suggest that more vigilant monitoring and long-term follow-up care for women who develop poAF is needed. Their results are published in JAMA Network Open .

"Our goal is to understand the protective factors that may reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in women, as well as the reasons for their heightened vulnerability once this complication occurs, all to improve patient outcomes and tailor care strategies," said lead author Sergey Karamnov, MD, a cardiothoracic anesthesiologist in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital.

"The sex-based disparities we uncover likely represent a larger issue that health care systems must work to address, and the first step in doing so is to look for these sex-based differences in outcomes."

It is already known that female patients face higher risks of complications and mortality following heart surgery . However, the impact of sex on poAF, the most common complication after cardiac surgery associated with increased long-term mortality, has up until this point remained unclear.

The new study works to close this gap by investigating two key questions. First, the researchers asked whether sex influences the development of poAF. Second, they set out to determine whether long-term mortality of associated poAF differs between women and men.

Study participants included 21,568 adult patients, all of whom underwent open heart surgery at two Mass General Brigham hospitals—Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH). Data were collected from hospital records covering surgeries from October 1, 2016 until January 1, 2022, with mortality follow-up through December 2022.

After multivariate analysis, women were found to have a lower risk of poAF compared to men. However, over the follow-up period, women with poAF had a significantly higher adjusted risk of mortality than men, 31 vs. 17% respectively.

There were some study limitations. First, the patient sample was limited to one geographical region. Second, results are based only on patients who underwent certain open-heart procedures. Third, most patients were 50–90 years of age and were overwhelmingly white (92%).

Lastly, while the research team controlled for a comprehensive list of over 20 covariates, it's possible that some sex-related variables not present in the dataset and unaccounted for could explain the observed differences.

Karamnov believes the results highlight the importance of including diverse study participants, particularly in terms of sex-based diversity, in clinical research .

One plausible explanation for the lower poAF incidence in women is the beneficial effect that estrogen has in reducing inflammation and mitigating endothelial dysfunction. Also, potential relationships between poAF and social determinants of health may help to further explain the links among sex, poAF, and long-term mortality .

"Future studies could help us understand the exact mechanisms responsible for the sex-based disparities we observed," said Karamnov. "Our study highlights the importance of taking a holistic approach to patient care and taking into account the diversity of backgrounds of patients undergoing cardiac surgery."

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NEET UG 2024 seat allotment result declared; all 17 toppers set to join AIIMS Delhi

MCC NEET UG Counselling 2024: A total of 26,109 candidates have been offered MBBS, BDS seats in round 1 counselling. Seat allotment result at mcc.nic.in.

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NEET UG 2024 round 1 reporting last date is August 29. (Image: Wikimedia Commons)

Anu Parthiban | August 25, 2024 | 03:04 PM IST

NEW DELHI: The Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) has declared the final seat allotment results for round 1 NEET UG counselling 2024. A total of 26,109 students, who qualified National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test Undergraduate (NEET UG 2024) and registered for MCC AIQ counselling, have been allotted MBBS, BDS seats as per the eligibility criteria in round 1. Candidates will be able to download the NEET UG seat allotment results from the official website, mcc.nic.in.

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All 17 NEET UG toppers have been allotted MBBS seats in AIIMS Delhi. The entrance exam was marred by irregularities, paper leak allegations and more, and the petitions seeking cancellation of the exam were dismissed by the Supreme Court. However, the National Testing Agency (NTA) was directed to publish revised NEET UG results .

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The reporting for round 1 of MCC NEET UG counseling 2024 is available now. The counselling committee instructed candidates to download their NEET UG provisional allotment letters and proceed for reporting.

“Candidates can get PwD certificates issued from Designated Disability Centres upto 05:00 P.M of 09.09.2024 for 2nd Round of UG Counselling 2024. The Working Hours of Call Center of MCC will be from 09:00 A.M upto 06:00 P.M on 26.08.2024 (Monday) on account of Janamashtami,” it said.

Also read NEET PG 2024 Result: ‘NBEMS normalising harassment’, candidates demand answer key, normalisation rule

As per the schedule, the last date to report at the allotted college is August 29. Following which, the medical colleges will verify the data of candidates who have taken admission and the data will be shared by MCC between August 30 and 31. Candidates are required to carry NEET UG seat allotment letter, and all necessary documents including eight passport size photographs same as the one uploaded on the application form to the allotted college while reporting.

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Fact-Checking Biden’s Speech and More: Day 1 of the Democratic National Convention

We followed the developments and fact-checked the speakers, providing context and explanation.

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President Biden and the first lady, Jill Biden, stand at a podium as his first name is spelled out in vertical stripes behind them.

President Biden praised his administration’s accomplishments and declared his vice president a worthy successor on the first night of the Democratic National Convention on Monday.

Mr. Biden’s speech capped a night in which Democratic lawmakers and party stalwarts praised Vice President Kamala Harris, warned repeatedly that former President Donald J. Trump was unfit for office and celebrated Mr. Biden’s legacy.

Here’s a look at some of their claims.

“While schools closed and dead bodies filled morgues, Donald Trump downplayed the virus. He told us to inject bleach into our bodies. He peddled conspiracy theories across the country. We lost hundreds of thousands of Americans, and our economy collapsed.”

— Representative Robert Garcia of California

This is exaggerated.

Mr. Trump’s comments, in April 2020, about the efficacy of disinfectants and light as treatments for the coronavirus elicited uproar and confusion . He did not literally instruct people to inject bleach, but raised the suggestion as an “interesting” concept to test out.

At the April 2020 news conference , a member of Mr. Trump’s coronavirus task force said that the virus dies under direct sunlight and that applying bleach in indoor spaces kills the virus in five minutes and isopropyl alcohol does so in 30 seconds.

Mr. Trump responded: “Supposing we hit the body with a tremendous — whether it’s ultraviolet or just very powerful light — and I think you said that that hasn’t been checked, but you’re going to test it. And then I said, supposing you brought the light inside the body, which you can do either through the skin or in some other way, and I think you said you’re going to test that too.”

He added: “And then I see the disinfectant, where it knocks it out in a minute. One minute. And is there a way we can do something like that, by injection inside or almost a cleaning? Because you see it gets in the lungs and it does a tremendous number on the lungs. So it would be interesting to check that.”

Jeanna Smialek

“Trump talks big about bringing back manufacturing jobs, but you know who actually did it? President Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris.”

— Gov. Kathy Hochul of New York

This needs context .

It is true that manufacturing employment is up sharply under the Biden administration, but much of the gains are simply a recovery from job losses early in the coronavirus pandemic. Manufacturing employment is just slightly above its 2019 level. And factory employment also climbed somewhat from when Donald J. Trump took office in early 2017 and the onset of the pandemic in 2020.

“Thanks to Joe Biden and Kamala Harris, we reopened our schools.”

— Representative James E. Clyburn, Democrat of South Carolina

This needs context.

President Donald J. Trump and President Biden took different approaches to school reopenings during the coronavirus pandemic, with Mr. Trump encouraging schools to stay open and Mr. Biden emphasizing the need to contain the virus before reopening classroom doors. While they could signal policy preferences, developments in how the virus spread and how states and school districts reacted were sometimes out of their control.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warned schools to prepare for disruption in February 2020, and a high school in Washington State became the first to close its doors that month . More schools across the country followed in adopting online instruction, but by the fall of 2020, some schools — often in states with Republican governors — returned to in-person instruction.

One audit found that by the fall of 2020 more schools had reverted to a traditional or hybrid model than remained virtual. A C.D.C. study found that school closures peaked in 2021, under the Biden administration, when the Omicron variant spread. By the fall of 2021, though, 98 percent of public schools were offering in-person instruction full time, according to the Education Department .

“Donald Trump wants to put our 1787 constitution through his Project 2025 paper shredder.”

— Representative Jasmine Crockett, Democrat of Texas

Project 2025, a set of conservative policy proposals assembled by a Washington think tank for a Republican presidential administration, does not directly come from Mr. Trump or his campaign.

Still, CNN documented instances where 140 people who worked for the Trump administration had a role in Project 2025. Some were top advisers to Mr. Trump in his first term and a re all but certain to step into prominent posts should he win a second term.

Mr. Trump has also supported some of the proposals, with even some overlap between Project 2025 and his own campaign plans. Among the similarities: undercutting the independence of the Justice Department and pressing to end diversity, equity and inclusion programs. And he enacted other initiatives mentioned in Project 2025 in his first term, such as levying tariffs on China and making it easier to fire federal workers.

But Mr. Trump has criticized some elements as “absolutely ridiculous and abysmal” though he has not specified which proposals he opposes. When the director of the project departed the think tank, Mr. Trump’s campaign released a statement that stated: “Reports of Project 2025’s demise would be greatly welcomed and should serve as notice to anyone or any group trying to misrepresent their influence with President Trump and his campaign — it will not end well for you.”

“JD Vance says women should stay in violent marriages and pregnancies resulting from rape are simply inconvenient.”

— Gov. Andy Beshear of Kentucky

Mr. Beshear was referring to comments Mr. Vance made during his 2022 campaign for Senate. Mr. Vance has rejected such interpretations.

In remarks to a Christian high school in California in September 2021, Mr. Vance spoke of his grandparents’ marriage, which he described in his memoir as violent.

“This is one of the great tricks that I think the sexual revolution pulled on the American populace, which is the idea that like, ‘Well, OK, these marriages were fundamentally, you know, they were maybe even violent, but certainly they were unhappy. And so getting rid of them and making it easier for people to shift spouses like they change their underwear, that’s going to make people happier in the long term,” he said .

Asked by Vice News about his remarks in 2022, Mr. Vance said, “Any fair person would recognize I was criticizing the progressive frame on this issue, not embracing it.”

He also told Fox News that Democrats had “twisted my words here” and that “it’s not what I believe, it’s not what I said.”

And regarding pregnancies resulting from rape, Mr. Vance told Fox News that he was criticizing the view that such pregnancies are “inconvenient.”

In a 2021 interview , Mr. Vance was asked whether abortion bans should have exceptions for rape or incest. He responded, “At the end of the day, we’re talking about an unborn baby. What kind of society do we want to have? A society that looks at unborn babies as inconveniences to be discarded?”

“Instead of paying $400 a month for insulin, seniors with diabetes will pay $35 a month.”

— President Biden

Mr. Biden signed a law that places a cap of $35 a month on insulin for all Medicare Part D beneficiaries. But he is overstating the average cost before the law.

Patients’ out-of-pocket spending on insulin was $434 on average for all of 2019 — not per month — and $449 per year for Medicare enrollees, according to the Health and Human Services Department .

“The smallest racial wealth gap in 20 years.”

As a percentage of wealth held by white families, Black and Latino families did grow to the largest amounts in 2022 in two decades. But the disparity in absolute dollar value actually increased.

“He called them ‘suckers and losers.’”

The claim that, as president, Donald J. Trump called veterans “suckers” and “losers” stems from a 2020 article in The Atlantic about his relationship to the military.

The article relied on anonymous sources, but many of the accounts have been corroborated by other outlets, including The New York Times, and by John F. Kelly, a retired four-star Marine general who served as Mr. Trump’s White House chief of staff. Mr. Trump has emphatically denied making the remarks since the article was published. Here’s a breakdown .

“Trump wants to cut Social Security and Medicare.”

This is misleading..

Mr. Trump has said repeatedly during his 2024 presidential campaign that he would not cut Social Security or Medicare, though he had previously shown brief and vague support for such proposals.

Asked about his position on the programs in relation to the national debt, Mr. Trump told CNBC in March, “There is a lot you can do in terms of entitlements in terms of cutting and in terms of also the theft and the bad management of entitlements.”

But Mr. Trump and his campaign clarified that he would not seek to cut the programs. Mr. Trump told the website Breitbart , “I will never do anything that will jeopardize or hurt Social Security or Medicare.” And during a July rally in Minnesota, he again vowed, “I will not cut one penny from Social Security or Medicare, and I will not raise the retirement age by one day, not by one day.”

Still, Mr. Trump has not outlined a clear plan for keeping the programs solvent. During his time in office, Mr. Trump did propose some cuts to Medicare — though experts said the cost reductions would not have significantly affected benefits — and to Social Security’s programs for people with disabilities. They were not enacted by Congress.

“He created the largest debt any president had in four years with his two trillion dollars tax cut for the wealthy.”

Looking at a single presidential term, Donald J. Trump’s administration did rack up more debt than any other in raw dollars — about $7.9 trillion . But the debt rose more under President Barack Obama’s eight years than under Mr. Trump’s four years. Also, when viewed as a percentage increase, the national debt rose more under President George H.W. Bush’s single term than under Mr. Trump’s.

The Congressional Budget Office estimated that Mr. Trump’s tax cuts — which passed in December 2017 with no Democrats in support — roughly added another $1 trillion to the federal deficit from 2018 to 2021, even after factoring in economic growth spurred by the tax cuts. But other drivers of the deficit include several sweeping measures that had bipartisan approval. The first coronavirus stimulus package , which received near unanimous support in Congress, added $2 trillion to the deficit over the next two fiscal years. Three additional spending measures contending with the coronavirus pandemic and its economic ramifications added another $1.4 trillion.

It is also important to note that presidents do not hold unilateral responsibility for the debt increase under their time in office. Policies from previous administrations — and programs such as Social Security and Medicare — continue to drive up debt, as do unexpected circumstances.

IMAGES

Research Options After MBBS In USA
Research Opportunities for Medical Students
Research Guide for Medical Students
After MBBS In Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance
Potential MBBS Research Projects: Honours or MPhil
What’s Next After MBBS? Best and Detailed Information Need to Know

COMMENTS

How to Pursue Research After MBBS?
Conclusion: Getting into research after MBBS is a change of field, which won't be very easy at first. But if you are really serious and passionate about your dream, you must work hard to make it a reality. Accept the challenge, connect with mentors, and follow your curiosity to lead you on an ongoing journey of learning and development.
Clinical Research After MBBS: Career Opportunities
The program covers a wide range of topics, including the latest technologies, safety strategies, and practical applications. Indeed, a Clinical research course after MBBS in India is thoughtfully designed to develop quality clinical research analysts with the necessary skill set to work effectively in clinics and hospitals.
Career Opportunities after MBBS
Here are some key points to consider regarding career options after MBBS: Diverse Career Paths: Post-MBBS, individuals can pursue various medical career paths, ranging from clinical practice to research and academia. These paths include specialties like Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Radiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Research and Training Opportunities
Summer programs at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) provide an opportunity to spend a summer working at the NIH side-by-side with some of the leading scientists in the world, in an environment devoted exclusively to biomedical research. Find opportunities available for current medical students.
What to Do After MBBS: Exploring Career Paths and Opportunities
Choose Size. Discover the diverse career paths and opportunities available after completing an MBBS degree. Explore options in clinical practice, higher education, healthcare administration, and more to make an informed decision about your medical career.
Life after MBBS: Navigating Career Paths in Healthcare
Feb 10, 2023. MBBS is the most sought-after career option and it's a field that never goes out of demand. If anything the medical field got an increased demand after the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Most MBBS graduates' first preference is to do postgraduation in a specialty of their choice while others start working as duty doctors in hospitals.
Top 5 PhD Fields After MBBS 2023: Eligibility, Career Option
Comprehensive options are available in the PhD field after completing an MBBS degree. Some of the top career choices are listed below. Medical Journalism & Medical Writing. Radiology/Diagnostic Imaging. Public Health Work. Sports Medicine. Academic Medicine. Clinical Forensic Medical Examiner. Transplant Coordinator.
Career Options after MBBS: Exploring Post-MBBS Career Paths
MD/MS/Diploma: MBBS graduates often choose a 3-year degree course or a 2-year diploma as their career path. It prepares a candidate to be a specialist doctor. Post-graduation can be done with different specializations such as general surgery, gynecology, internal medicine, pediatrics, and others. Entrance tests such as AIIMS PG, and NEET are ...
Best Alternate Career Options and Courses after MBBS
Top Alternative Career Options after MBBS. Hospital Administration. One of the most lucrative career alternatives after MBBS is to get into hospital Administration. The administrative jobs are the long-standing options for doctors, especially for the senior and elder doctors.
Career Trajectories After MBBS: What after MBBS?
MBBS graduates can work as epidemiologists after earning an MSc in epidemiology from an accredited institute. MMST (Masters in Medical Science and Technology) program after MBBS helps medical graduates to leverage their skills in health care imaging, medical biotechnology, and bioinformatics. ... Ph.D. in clinical research after MBBS helps ...
What after MBBS?
- Read complete article on What after MBBS to know the careers options after MBBS like MD, MS, Diploma courses, Job scope and other. ... In addition, they offer hefty salaries to the doctors they work with. Opportunities in Research and Academics. For people with an inclination towards research, it is a very satisfying choice to pursue it and ...
Research or Academia after Medicine (MBBS or MD) in India
In this case, the research work that they do will be limited to medical and clinical research only. A significant number of MBBS students want to transition to a non-clinical career after completing their degree. The following institutes can be an option for students willing to enter academia/ willing to explore careers in the biomedical industry.
Sir , I am medical student. But I want to go into the research field
After MBBS, Various institutes that offer research opportunities are ICMR(Indian Council for Medical Research), CIMAP, CCMB(Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology), St. John's Research institute. One can also join WHO. Many institutes like AIIMS, PGI, NIMHANS, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (TIFR) offer a Ph.D. degree.
MBPhD
It sits between MBBS Year 4 and Year 5. After completing Year 4 of the MBBS programme at UCL, MBPhD students switch to full-time research studies for three years. You re-enter MBBS Years 5 and 6 after submitting your thesis. A regular clinical teaching programme keeps your clinical skills and knowledge up to date during the research phase.
Best Courses and Career Options After MBBS
Find the best career options after completing MBBS. Explore opportunities for medical graduates for professional journey. ... Research is not a one-person work and the entire team behind it is an equal contributor to the research. Hence, considering research writing as an alternative career option after MBBS seems an attractive offer. 6. Public ...
Courses after MBBS You Must Consider
Courses after MBBS: PG programs and fellowships in Medicine, Post MBBS courses for medical students, medical programs other than MBBS in India and abroad. ... Additionally, candidates willing to make a career in research can opt for this course to work at research labs of government departments and hospitals. A diploma course in this field is ...
How to pursue PhD after mbbs : r/indianmedschool
Add a Comment. Jazzlike-Writer-4482. • 3 mo. ago. Best pathway for u is Iisc they accept mbbs graduates through entrance and interview, u can do MSc and PhD there , purely research based with 20- 30k stipend , visit Iisc website , academics u can find MSc and PhD programs , u need to do MSc to do PhD it seems, u can query them to get better ...
Completed your MBBS? Here are some of the careers you could pursue
1. Specialisation. The vast majority of MBBS graduates decide to specialise in one field or another as this gives them an in-depth knowledge of a particular field in the medical sector. You can choose to specialise in surgery and pursue an MS (Masters of Surgery) in general surgery, Anaesthesia, Traumatology, ENT or a number of other surgical ...
Explore the best courses after MBBS
There are opportunities in management, other multidisciplinary employment sectors, research, and several non-medical career courses after MBBS. You can get admission in colleges through merit basis as well. Following MBBS, some well-liked courses but without NEET PG or INI CET include: Master of Public Health.
What to do After MBBS: 10 Best Jobs for MBBS Graduates
What is the Process of Getting a Job after MBBS? Research your Options: There are many ways to find a job after MBBS, from online resources to social media networks. ... There is a huge shortage of medical doctors in the country, which means that this is one of the best jobs for MBBS graduates. Medical Doctors work in hospitals, clinics, and ...
Can we do research after MBBS? : r/indianmedschool
hopetobelong. • 1 yr. ago. Yes, you can definitely do research after MBBS. Infact pay and opportunities are more in clinical research (after MBBS) than a scientist. Good fields for research are - 1. Pharma and microbiology - medication related research 2. PSM - PG in PSM also includes good amount of stats, so you can go into research after that.
5 Career Paths you should know after MBBS
So the Top 5 Career Paths after MBBS are as follows: 1. POST GRADUATION. Most aspiring Doctors, who want to practice their craft, want to choose this option. Post Graduation course in Medicine are as follows: PG - SPECIALITY. PG Speciality courses are broadly classified into MD (Doctor of Medicine) and MS (Master of Surgery).
Higher Studies after MBBS: Career Options and Scope
After completing an MBBS degree, there are several paths that a medical graduate can choose to follow. One option is to enter the workforce as a general practitioner or a resident doctor in a hospital. Another option is to pursue higher studies in a specialized field of medicine, such as cardiology, neurology, or surgery. If a medical graduate ...
Fact-checking warnings from Democrats about Project 2025 and ...
Other overtime proposals in Project 2025's plan include allowing some workers to choose to accumulate paid time off instead of overtime pay, or to work more hours in one week and fewer in the ...
Canada Labor Board Orders End to Railway Work Stoppage
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2024 Kolkata rape and murder incident
On 9 August 2024, Moumita Debnath, a trainee doctor at R. G. Kar Medical College in Kolkata, West Bengal, India, was raped and murdered in a college building.Her body was found in a seminar room on campus. The incident has amplified debate about the safety of women and doctors in India, and has sparked significant outrage, nationwide protests, and demands for a thorough investigation.
Cognitive difficulties tied to lower return to work after breast cancer
Return to work two years after a breast cancer diagnosis is associated with higher cognitive speed performance before and after treatment, according to a study published online Aug. 19 in JAMA ...
Study finds sex-based disparities in outcomes after cardiac surgery
New research suggests that women who develop postoperative atrial fibrillation (poAF) after cardiac surgery are at greater risk of death than men. A study led by Mass General Brigham researchers ...
NEET UG 2024 seat allotment result declared; all 17 ...
NEW DELHI: The Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) has declared the final seat allotment results for round 1 NEET UG counselling 2024. A total of 26,109 students, who qualified National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test Undergraduate (NEET UG 2024) and registered for MCC AIQ counselling, have been allotted MBBS, BDS seats as per the eligibility criteria in round 1.
Fact-Checking Day 1 of the DNC and Biden's Speech
Fact-Checking Biden's Speech and More: Day 1 of the Democratic National Convention. We followed the developments and fact-checked the speakers, providing context and explanation.

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Clinical Research After MBBS: Career Opportunities

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Life after MBBS: Navigating Career Paths in Healthcare

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Top 5 PhD Fields After MBBS 2023: Eligibility, Career Option

PhD Courses After MBBS

Eligibility Criteria for PhD in MBBS

1. PhD in Biochemistry

2. PhD in Forensic Medicine

3. PhD in Cardiology

4. PhD in Physiology

5. PhD in Neurology

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Alternate Career Options after MBBS

Courses to pursue after MBBS: Career Options after MBBS

MD/MS/Diploma:

Customary courses

Diplomate of National Board or DNB

Clinical Research

Masters in Public Health

M.Sc in different fields

M.Tech in Biomedical engineering

Masters in Medical Science and Technology or MMST

Masters in Health Administration or MHA

Other career options after MBBS

Molecular Imaging and Image Analysis

Job opportunities after MBBS

Junior doctor:

Lecturer at a medical college

Researche r

Medical writer

Healthcare Informatics

Defence services

Hospital management:

Jobs in government health service department

Sports Medicine