Grasps very basic financial concepts like money and trading
Estimates costs, calculates discounts or sales tax
Milestones for financial knowledge and decision-making skills | What it may look like in adulthood |
---|---|
Understands basic financial concepts | Has a realistic idea of how much things cost, saves a portion of earnings, pays bills on time, makes a budget |
Successfully manages money (like their allowance) or other resources to reach personal goals | Spends to meet needs before wants, follows a budget, saves for big purchases or events (e.g., vacation) |
Milestones for financial knowledge and decision-making skills | What it may look like in adulthood |
---|---|
Understands advanced financial concepts and processes | Understands risks and benefits of investing, uses credit wisely, manages debt |
Routinely manages money or other resources to reach personal goals | Spends with values and goals for today and the future in mind, pays day-to-day and month-to-month expenses, saves for retirement, has financial flexibility to splurge once in a while |
Identifies trusted sources of financial information and accurately uses them to compare and make decisions | Seeks credible information (e.g., “Consumer Reports,” product labels, store ads), compares features and costs before making big purchases, consults trusted advisers, knows the difference between a bargain and a scam |
Schools can provide opportunities for youth to practice financial behaviors, make financial decisions, and reflect on the outcomes and consequences of those decisions. Across the curriculum, teachers can provide opportunities for students to learn how to find and recognize reliable financial information, compare financial products, and do purposeful financial research in order to analyze options and make decisions.
Research shows that the following strategies can be effective to help people develop financial knowledge and decision-making skills.
Learning activities that nurture financial knowledge and decision making should support young people’s acquisition of factual knowledge, research and analysis skills, and deliberate financial decision-making. The types of activities that support these skills include the following.
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November 01, 2021
By: Sonja Pippin , Ph.D., CPA ; Brett Rixom , Ph.D., CPA ; Jeffrey Wong , Ph.D., CPA
Critical thinking is needed to evaluate complex situations and arrive at logical, sometimes creative, answers to questions. Informed judgments incorporating the ever-increasing amount of data available are essential for decision making and strategic planning.
Thus, creatively thinking about problems is a core competency for accounting and finance professionals—and one that can be enhanced through effective training. One such approach is through metacognition. Training that employs a combination of both creative problem solving (divergent thinking) and convergence on a single solution (convergent thinking) can lead financial professionals to create and choose the best interpretations for phenomena observed and how to best utilize the information going forward. Employees at any level in the organization, from newly hired staff to those in the executive ranks, can use metacognition to improve their critical assessment of results when analyzing data.
Metacognition refers to individuals’ ability to be aware, understand, and purposefully guide how to think about a problem (see “What Is Metacognition?”). It’s also been described as “thinking about thinking” or “knowing about knowing” and can lead to a more careful and focused analysis of information. Metacognition can be thought about broadly as a way to improve critical thinking and problem solving.
In their article “Training Auditors to Perform Analytical Procedures Using Metacognitive Skills,” R. David Plumlee, Brett Rixom, and Andrew Rosman evaluated how different types of thinking can be applied to a variety of problems, such as the results of analytical procedures, and how those types of thinking can help auditors arrive at the correct explanation for unexpected results that were found ( The Accounting Review , January 2015). The training methods they describe in their study, based on the psychological research examining metacognition, focus on applying divergent and convergent thinking.
While they employed settings most commonly encountered by staff in an audit firm, their approach didn’t focus on methods used solely by public accountants. Therefore, the results can be generalized to professionals who work with all types of financial and nonfinancial data. It’s particularly helpful for those conducting data analysis.
Their approach involved a sequential process of divergent thinking followed by convergent thinking. Divergent thinking refers to creating multiple reasons about what could be causing the surprising or unusual patterns encountered when analyzing data before a definitive rationale is used to inform what actions to take or strategy to use. Here’s an example of divergent thinking:
The customer satisfaction metric employed by RNO Company has increased steadily for the quarter, yet its sales numbers and revenue have declined steadily for the same period. Jill, a senior accountant, conducted ratio and trend analyses and found some of the results to be unusual. To apply divergent thinking, Jill would think of multiple potential reasons for this surprising result before removing any reason from consideration.
Convergent thinking is the process of finding the best explanation for the surprising results so that potential actions can be explored accordingly. The process consists of narrowing down the different reasons by ensuring the only reasons that are kept for consideration are ones that explain all of the surprising patterns seen in the results without explaining more than what is needed. In this way, actions can be taken to address the heart of any problems found instead of just the symptoms. On the other hand, if the surprising result is beneficial to an organization, it can make it easier to take the correct actions to replicate the benefit in other aspects of the business. Here’s an example of convergent thinking:
Washoe, Inc.’s customer satisfaction metric has increased steadily for the quarter, yet sales numbers and revenue have steadily declined for the same period. Roberto found this result to be surprising. After employing divergent thinking to identify 10 potential reasons for this result, such as “the reason that customers seem more satisfied is that the price of goods has been reduced, which also explains the reduction in sales revenue.” To apply convergent thinking, Roberto reviewed each reason that best fit. If the reason doesn’t explain the unusual results satisfactorily, then it will either be modified or discarded. For example, the reduced price of goods doesn’t explain all of the results—specifically, the decrease in units sold—so it needs to either be eliminated as a possible explanation or modified until it does explain all the results.
Exploring strategic or corrective actions based on reasons that completely explain the unusual results increases the chance of correctly addressing the actual issue behind the surprising result. Also, by making sure that the reason doesn’t contain extraneous details, unneeded actions can be avoided.
It’s important to note that a sequential process is required for these types of thinking to be most effective. When encountering a surprising or unexpected result during data analysis, accounting professionals must first focus strictly on divergent thinking—thinking about potential reasons—before using convergent thinking to choose a reason that best explains the surprising result. If convergent thinking is used before divergent thinking is completed, it can lead to reasons being picked simply because they came to mind right away.
Improving divergent and convergent thinking can benefit employees at any level of an organization. Newer professionals who don’t have as much technical knowledge and experience to draw upon may be more likely to focus on the first explanation that comes to mind (“premature convergent thinking”) without fully considering all of the potential reasons for the surprising results. Experienced individuals such as CFOs and controllers have more technical knowledge and practical experience to rely on, but it’s possible these seasoned employees fall into habits and follow past patterns of thought without fully exploring potential causes for surprising results.
Instructing all accounting professionals on how to think about surprising results can help them have a more complete understanding of the issues at hand that will help guide actions taken in the future. It can lead to a more creative approach when analyzing information and ultimately to better problem solving.
When teaching employees to use divergent and convergent thinking, the goal is to get them to focus on what should be done once they identify information that suggests a surprising result has occurred. The first step is to learn how to properly use divergent thinking to create a set of plausible explanations more likely to contain the actual reason for the surprising results. There’s a three-step method that individuals can follow (see Table 1):
Once employees have a good grasp of how to use divergent thinking, the next step is to instruct them in the proper use of convergent thinking, which involves choosing the best possible reason from the ones identified during the divergent thinking process. Potential reasons need to be narrowed down by removing or modifying those that either don’t fully explain the surprising results or that overexplain the results.
Two simple questions can help individuals screen each of the possible explanations generated in the divergent thinking process (see Table 2):
The first question is designed for an individual to think about whether there are other events outside of the current issue that fit the explanation: “Does the explanation also address phenomena that aren’t related to or outside the scope of the surprising result that’s being studied?” If the answer is “yes,” then this is a case of overexplanation. Consider, for example, a scenario involving an increase in bad debts. Relaxing credit requirements may explain the increase, but they would also explain a growth in sales and falling employee morale due to working massive amounts of overtime to make products for sale.
The second question is designed to think about whether an explanation only accounts for part of the phenomenon being observed: “Does the explanation address only part of what’s being observed while leaving other important details unexplained?” If the answer is “yes,” then it’s an under-explanation. For example, consider a decline in sales. An economic downturn at the same time as the decline may be a possible explanation, but it might only be part of the problem. A drop in product quality or a drop in demand due to obsolescence could also be causing sales to decline.
If the answer to either screening question is “yes,” then the explanation needs to be discarded from consideration or modified to better address the concern. In the case of over-explanation, the reason is too general and may lead to action areas where none is needed while still not addressing the actual issue. For underexplanation, the reason is incomplete because it accounts for only a portion of the phenomenon observed, thus action may only address a symptom and not the actual root problem.
If the answer to both questions is “no,” then the explanation is viable. The chosen reason neither overexplains nor underexplains the issue at hand, making it more likely that the recommended solution or plan of action based on that reason will be more successful at addressing the actual cause of the issue.
Divergent and convergent thinking are two distinct processes that work in conjunction with each other to arrive at potential reasons for the results they observe. Yet, as previously noted, the two ways of thinking must be conducted separately and sequentially in order to obtain optimal results. Divergent thinking must be applied first in order to achieve a diverse set of potential reasons. This will maximize the probability of generating a feasible reason that explains the results correctly. After the set of potential reasons has been generated using the divergent thinking approach, convergent thinking should be used to methodically remove or modify the reasons that don’t fit with the surprising results.
If both divergent thinking and convergent thinking are done simultaneously, premature convergence can lead to a less-than-optimal reason being chosen, which may lead to taking the wrong course of action. Thus, it’s important with training to instruct employees in the use of both divergent thinking and convergent thinking and to use the types of thinking sequentially.
Learning to apply divergent and convergent thinking can require a substantial time commitment. The process we’ve described here is designed to enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills. It outlines a general approach that doesn’t provide specific guidance on the best methods to analyze data or complete a task but rather focuses on successful methods to think of a diverse set of reasons for any surprising results and then how to choose the best explanation for that result in order to be able to recommend the most appropriate actions or solutions.
Individuals can practice the approach we’ve described on their own, but each organization will likely have its own preferred way to approach the analyses. Plumlee, et al., used training modules in their study that could be employed in a concerted effort by a company, with supervisors training their employees. We estimate that a basic training session would take about two hours. Complete training with practice and feedback would require about four hours—which could grow longer with even more for intensive training.
One area where this training could be very effective in helping employees is data analytics. In the past decade, an increasing amount of accounting and financial work involves or relies on data analysis. Data availability has increased exponentially, and companies use or have developed software that generates sophisticated analytical results.
Typical data analysis procedures accounting professionals might be called on to perform include things such as ratio and trend analyses, which compare financial and nonfinancial data over time and against industry information to examine whether results achieved are in line with expectations for strategic actions. Additionally, analyses are forward-looking when performance measures examined are leading indicators.
In order to perform data analytics effectively, accounting professionals must exercise sufficient judgment to critically assess the implications of any surprising results that are found. The quality of judgments and understanding the best ways to conduct and interpret the information uncovered by data analytics have typically been a function of time spent on the job along with training. At the same time, however, it’s commonplace that many of these analyses are performed by newer professionals.
Training in metacognition will help these employees more effectively and creatively reach conclusions about what they’ve observed in their analysis. Since the method discussed provides general instruction, each organization can customize the approach to best fit its own operations, strategies, and goals. Implementing a training program can be worth the investment given the importance of critical thinking throughout the process of evaluating operating results. Avoiding potential failures with interpreting results that could be prevented would seem to warrant the consideration of metacognitive training.
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Master critical thinking as a finance VP. Strengthen decision making, risk management & strategy formulation with these expert tips.
As the VP of Finance for your organization, you have a crucial role to play in driving growth and ensuring financial stability. To achieve these goals, it is essential to possess strong critical thinking skills that can help you make sound financial decisions and navigate complex financial landscapes. In this article, we will explore how you can improve your critical thinking skills and become a more effective leader in the world of finance.
Critical thinking is an essential skill for anyone working in finance. It involves the ability to analyze information objectively, evaluate different perspectives, and make informed decisions. As a VP of Finance, you are responsible for monitoring financial performance, identifying risks, and ensuring that financial goals are met. To achieve these objectives, you need to be able to think critically about financial information and make sound financial decisions.
When it comes to financial decision-making, critical thinking can make all the difference. It helps you evaluate different options and assess their potential impacts on your organization. By considering various scenarios and weighing the pros and cons of different decisions, you can make informed choices that promote financial success.
For example, let's say you're considering investing in a new product line. Critical thinking would require you to analyze the potential market demand for the product, the costs associated with production and marketing, and the potential revenue it could generate. By weighing these factors, you can make an informed decision about whether or not to invest in the product line.
Critical thinking skills can also help you develop more effective financial strategies. By analyzing financial data, identifying trends, and anticipating potential risks, you can develop strategies that take advantage of financial opportunities while mitigating potential risks. This can help your organization achieve long-term financial stability and growth.
For instance, let's say you're developing a budget for the upcoming fiscal year. Critical thinking skills would require you to analyze past financial data, identify potential areas of cost savings, and anticipate any potential financial risks. By doing so, you can develop a budget that is realistic, achievable, and aligned with your organization's financial goals.
In conclusion, critical thinking is a crucial skill for anyone working in finance. By developing your critical thinking skills, you can make informed financial decisions, evaluate different options, and develop effective financial strategies that promote long-term financial success.
Before you can improve your critical thinking skills, it's important to assess where you stand. By identifying your strengths and weaknesses, you can develop a roadmap for improvement that is tailored to your individual needs.
One way to assess your critical thinking abilities is to evaluate your problem-solving skills. Are you able to identify the root cause of a problem and develop effective solutions? Do you consider all possible options before making a decision?
Another important aspect of critical thinking is the ability to analyze information and make informed judgments. Are you able to identify relevant information and separate it from irrelevant data? Do you consider the reliability and credibility of your sources?
Start by taking a close look at your critical thinking abilities. Identify areas where you excel, such as analyzing financial data or assessing risks. On the other hand, identify areas where you may need improvement, such as evaluating different perspectives or identifying biases.
It's important to remember that everyone has strengths and weaknesses when it comes to critical thinking. By identifying your areas of weakness, you can focus on improving those skills and becoming a more well-rounded critical thinker.
It's also important to seek feedback from colleagues and mentors. By getting an outside perspective, you can gain valuable insights into your strengths and weaknesses and identify areas for improvement. Be open to constructive criticism and use it as an opportunity to grow and develop as a leader.
Additionally, seeking feedback from a diverse group of individuals can help you identify blind spots and biases that you may not have been aware of. This can help you become a more objective and effective critical thinker.
Remember, critical thinking is a skill that can be developed and improved over time. By assessing your current abilities, identifying areas for improvement, and seeking feedback from others, you can become a more effective and successful leader.
Improving your critical thinking skills requires a growth mindset, where you are open to learning, growth, and development. Embrace challenges and view them as opportunities to learn and develop your skills.
One way to embrace challenges is to set goals for yourself. Whether it's a personal or professional goal, having a clear objective in mind can help motivate you to push yourself beyond your comfort zone. Additionally, breaking down your goals into smaller, achievable steps can make them feel less daunting and more manageable.
Don't be afraid to take on new challenges and stretch yourself beyond your comfort zone. By embracing challenges, you can gain new knowledge and experience and develop new critical thinking skills. However, it's important to also recognize that failure is a natural part of the learning process. When you encounter setbacks or challenges, take the time to reflect on what went wrong and what you can do differently in the future.
It's also important to seek out feedback from others, whether it's from a mentor, colleague, or friend. Feedback can help you identify blind spots in your thinking and provide valuable insights for improvement.
Cultivating curiosity and a desire for knowledge is another essential aspect of developing strong critical thinking skills. Stay up to date with the latest financial trends, learn new financial analysis techniques, and seek out new opportunities for growth and development.
One way to cultivate curiosity is to read widely and diversely. Don't limit yourself to just one subject or genre - explore a variety of topics and perspectives. You can also attend conferences, webinars, or workshops to learn from experts in your field.
Finally, don't be afraid to ask questions. Curiosity often starts with a simple question, and asking questions can help you gain a deeper understanding of a topic or issue.
Strong analytical and problem-solving skills are essential for effective critical thinking in finance. By enhancing these skills, you can make sound financial decisions and drive growth and success for your organization.
One way to enhance your analytical and problem-solving skills is to practice breaking down complex financial problems. When faced with a complex financial problem, it can be overwhelming to try to solve it all at once. By breaking it down into smaller, more manageable components, you can analyze each component individually and consider its potential impact on the larger problem. This approach allows you to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the issue and identify potential solutions.
Another effective tool for enhancing your analytical and problem-solving skills is to utilize financial models and simulations. These tools can help you gain insights into potential financial outcomes, identify potential risks, and evaluate different financial strategies. By using financial models and simulations, you can test different scenarios and make more informed decisions about the best course of action.
In addition to financial models and simulations, leveraging data-driven insights can also be a powerful tool for enhancing your analytical and problem-solving skills. By analyzing financial data, identifying trends, and anticipating potential risks, you can develop sound financial strategies that promote financial success for your organization. Data-driven insights can help you make more informed decisions and avoid potential pitfalls.
Breaking down complex financial problems can be a daunting task, but it is an essential skill for effective critical thinking in finance. When faced with a complex financial problem, it can be helpful to start by identifying the key components of the problem. This might involve analyzing financial statements, reviewing contracts, or conducting research on industry trends.
Once you have identified the key components of the problem, you can begin to analyze each component individually. This might involve calculating financial ratios, conducting a SWOT analysis, or evaluating the potential impact of different scenarios. By breaking down the problem into smaller components, you can develop a more comprehensive understanding of the issue and identify potential solutions.
Financial models and simulations are powerful tools for enhancing your analytical and problem-solving skills. These tools allow you to test different scenarios and evaluate the potential outcomes of different financial strategies. By using financial models and simulations, you can gain insights into potential risks and identify opportunities for growth.
There are many different types of financial models and simulations, including cash flow models, Monte Carlo simulations, and decision trees. Each of these tools has its own strengths and weaknesses, and it is important to choose the right tool for the job. By using financial models and simulations effectively, you can make more informed decisions and drive growth and success for your organization.
Data-driven insights are an increasingly important tool for enhancing your analytical and problem-solving skills. By analyzing financial data, identifying trends, and anticipating potential risks, you can develop sound financial strategies that promote financial success for your organization.
There are many different sources of financial data, including financial statements, market research reports, and industry benchmarks. By analyzing this data, you can identify patterns and trends that can help you make more informed decisions. For example, you might identify a trend of declining sales in a particular product line, which could prompt you to develop a new marketing strategy or explore new product offerings.
In addition to analyzing financial data, it is important to anticipate potential risks and challenges. This might involve conducting a SWOT analysis, evaluating the competitive landscape, or assessing the impact of regulatory changes. By anticipating potential risks, you can develop contingency plans and make more informed decisions.
Effective communication and collaboration are key components of success in the modern business world. In order to achieve financial success, it is important for individuals and teams to build and cultivate these skills. By doing so, you can more effectively share financial insights, coordinate financial activities, and drive growth and success for your organization.
One of the most important aspects of effective communication is presenting financial data and insights in a way that is clear, concise, and easy to understand. Utilizing visual aids, such as graphs and charts, can be a great way to make financial information more accessible and engaging. It is also important to tailor your communication style to your audience, whether it's senior leaders or front-line employees. By doing so, you can ensure that your message is received and understood by all.
Another important aspect of effective communication is being able to explain financial data and insights in a way that is relevant to your audience. For example, if you are presenting financial data to a marketing team, you may want to focus on metrics that are relevant to their work, such as customer acquisition costs or return on investment for advertising campaigns.
Collaboration is all about encouraging open dialogue and diverse perspectives. By creating an environment where individuals feel comfortable sharing their thoughts and ideas, you can foster a culture of collaboration and innovation. It is important to be open to feedback from your colleagues and to encourage them to share their thoughts and ideas. Engaging in active listening is also key to understanding and appreciating different perspectives.
Another way to encourage collaboration is to create cross-functional teams that bring together individuals with different backgrounds and areas of expertise. By doing so, you can leverage the strengths and knowledge of each team member to drive success for your organization.
Finally, fostering a culture of critical thinking within your team is essential for achieving financial success. Encouraging your team members to develop their critical thinking skills can help them make better decisions and solve problems more effectively. Providing opportunities for growth and development, such as training programs or mentorship, can also help your team members build their skills and increase their value to the organization.
Recognizing and celebrating the achievements of your team members is also important for fostering a culture of critical thinking. By acknowledging and rewarding individuals who demonstrate exceptional critical thinking skills, you can encourage others to follow their lead.
In conclusion, building strong communication and collaboration skills is essential for achieving financial success in the modern business world. By effectively presenting financial data and insights, encouraging open dialogue and diverse perspectives, and fostering a culture of critical thinking within your team, you can help your organization drive growth and success.
Improving your critical thinking skills as a VP of Finance is essential for driving financial success and growth for your organization. By understanding the importance of critical thinking in finance, assessing your current critical thinking abilities, developing a growth mindset, enhancing your analytical and problem-solving skills, and building strong communication and collaboration skills, you can become a more effective leader in the world of finance.
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Table of Contents
In “The Art Of Critical Financial Thinking: Making Smarter Investment Decisions,” you will discover the key principles and strategies necessary to navigate the complex world of investments with confidence and intelligence. By cultivating a critical mindset, you will learn to analyze market trends, assess risks, and identify profitable opportunities. This article explores how Capitalist Exploits Insider , a leading investment advisory service, can assist investors in developing their critical financial thinking skills to make informed and successful investment choices. Whether you are a seasoned investor or just starting out, this article offers valuable insights into maximizing your investment potential.
When it comes to making investment decisions, having a comprehensive understanding of financial concepts and factors is crucial. Critical financial thinking is a skill that enables investors to assess the complex financial landscape from multiple perspectives, helping them navigate uncertainties and make smarter choices. By developing a 360-degree view of the financial landscape, recognizing the impact of cognitive biases on decision-making, and evaluating the long-term implications of investment decisions, investors can enhance their financial decision-making process.
To make informed investment decisions, it is essential to have a holistic understanding of the financial landscape. This means considering various factors such as economic indicators, market trends, industry analysis, and company financial statements. By examining these different elements, investors can gain insights into the health of the economy, identify emerging trends, and evaluate the performance of specific companies.
Human beings are prone to cognitive biases, which can cloud judgment and hinder rational decision-making. Understanding these biases and actively working to overcome them is crucial for critical financial thinking. By being aware of biases such as confirmation bias, overconfidence, and loss aversion, investors can strive to make objective and impartial decisions.
Investment decisions should not be based solely on short-term gains or losses. Critical financial thinking involves considering the long-term implications of an investment and the potential risks it may entail. By assessing factors such as industry trends, competitive landscape, and market conditions, investors can better determine the long-term viability and profitability of an investment opportunity.
Before making any investment, it is vital to analyze the fundamentals of the investment opportunity. This involves a thorough assessment of company financial statements, an examination of industry trends and competitive landscape, and an analysis of macroeconomic indicators and market conditions.
Understanding a company’s financial statements is essential for evaluating its financial health and potential for growth. Key factors to consider include revenue growth, profitability, debt levels, cash flow, and liquidity. By analyzing financial statements, investors can gain insights into the company’s financial stability and its ability to generate sustainable returns.
The performance of a company is influenced by the industry it operates in and the competition it faces. By examining industry trends, investors can identify growth sectors and potential opportunities. Additionally, analyzing the competitive landscape helps investors understand the company’s position in the market and its ability to stay ahead of competitors.
Macroeconomic indicators, such as GDP growth, interest rates, inflation, and employment rates, provide valuable insights into the overall economic environment. Understanding these indicators helps investors gauge the direction of the economy and anticipate potential market trends. By aligning investment decisions with prevailing market conditions, investors can improve their chances of success.
Once investors have analyzed the fundamentals, it is essential to identify investment opportunities that align with their financial goals and risk appetite. Different investment strategies and techniques can be employed, including value investing, growth investing, contrarian investing, and trend following.
Value investing involves identifying assets that are trading below their intrinsic value. By conducting a thorough analysis of a company’s financials, investors can identify undervalued stocks or assets. The strategy is based on the belief that the market may not accurately reflect the true value of an asset, presenting an opportunity for investors to benefit from potential price appreciation.
Growth investing focuses on identifying companies that have the potential for substantial growth in the future. Investors look for companies with high revenue growth rates, strong competitive advantages, and innovative business models. This strategy involves investing in companies at a relatively higher valuation in the hope that their growth prospects will justify the investment over time.
Contrarian investing involves going against the prevailing market sentiment and investing in assets that are currently out of favor. The idea behind this strategy is that market sentiment can often be overly pessimistic, resulting in underpriced assets. By identifying assets that are undervalued due to market pessimism, investors can potentially profit from their eventual recovery.
Trend following involves identifying and investing in assets that are experiencing sustained upward or downward price trends. This strategy relies on the belief that prices tend to continue in the same direction for a certain period of time. By following trends, investors aim to capitalize on the momentum of the market and profit from price movements.
While investment opportunities present potential returns, they also come with risks. Effective risk management is an essential aspect of critical financial thinking. By implementing risk management strategies such as diversification, setting and reviewing investment objectives, using stop-loss orders, and stress testing investment portfolios, investors can mitigate potential downsides and protect their capital.
Diversification involves spreading investments across various asset classes, industries, and geographic regions. By diversifying their portfolio, investors reduce the impact of any single investment’s poor performance on their overall portfolio. This strategy helps mitigate risk and potentially improves the risk-return profile of the investment portfolio.
Before investing, it is crucial to establish clear investment objectives. Setting goals helps investors align their investment decisions with their desired outcomes. Regularly reviewing investment objectives allows investors to track their progress, make necessary adjustments, and ensure that their investments remain aligned with their goals.
Stop-loss orders are instructions given to brokers or trading platforms to automatically sell a security if its price reaches a predetermined level. By utilizing stop-loss orders, investors can limit potential losses and protect their capital. Additionally, conducting risk-reward analysis helps investors assess the potential gains versus potential losses of an investment, allowing for informed decision-making.
Stress testing involves simulating various scenarios to assess the robustness of an investment portfolio. By subjecting the portfolio to hypothetical market conditions and economic shocks, investors can evaluate its performance under adverse circumstances. Stress testing helps identify potential weaknesses in the portfolio and informs adjustments to enhance its resilience.
Investor psychology plays a significant role in financial decision-making. Emotions, cognitive biases, and social and herd behavior can all influence investment choices. Developing an understanding of behavioral finance allows investors to better manage their emotions, identify and overcome cognitive biases, and recognize the impact of social and herd behavior on investment decisions.
Emotions such as fear, greed, and excitement can significantly impact investment decisions. It is essential for investors to be aware of their emotions and strive to make rational decisions based on solid analysis and research. Emotion-driven investment decisions can lead to impulsive actions that may not align with long-term investment objectives.
Cognitive biases and heuristics are mental shortcuts that can lead to biased decision-making. Examples include confirmation bias, where investors seek information that confirms their existing beliefs, and availability bias, where investors rely on readily available information rather than conducting thorough analysis. By recognizing these biases and actively working to overcome them, investors can enhance their critical financial thinking skills.
Market fluctuations can trigger feelings of fear and greed among investors. During periods of market volatility, fear can lead to panic selling, while greed can result in chasing speculative investments. Managing these emotions and maintaining a disciplined investment approach is crucial for long-term success. By making decisions based on rational analysis rather than emotional impulses, investors can navigate market fluctuations more effectively.
Social and herd behavior can significantly influence investment decisions. When many investors follow the same investment patterns without conducting their own analysis, it can result in market bubbles or crashes. By understanding the impact of social and herd behavior, investors can make more informed decisions and avoid being swayed by market sentiment alone.
The advancement of technology has revolutionized financial analysis and decision-making. By leveraging advanced analytics, data-driven insights, automation, algorithmic trading, and financial platforms, investors can gain a competitive edge in the market.
Analyzing vast amounts of data manually can be time-consuming and overwhelming. Fortunately, advanced analytics and data-driven insights have made it possible to extract valuable information from data quickly. By utilizing these tools, investors can identify patterns, trends, and correlations that may not be apparent through traditional analysis methods.
Automation and algorithmic trading involve using computer programs to execute trades automatically based on predefined rules and algorithms. These technologies enable investors to react swiftly to market changes and execute trades with precision. By taking advantage of automation and algorithmic trading, investors can reduce human error, enhance efficiency, and potentially improve investment performance.
Financial platforms and tools have made it easier for investors to access and analyze financial data. These platforms provide real-time market information, portfolio tracking, and financial analysis tools. By using these platforms, investors can conveniently monitor their investments, conduct research, and make more informed decisions based on accurate and up-to-date information.
Developing a framework for critical financial thinking lays the foundation for making sound investment decisions. By setting realistic expectations, continuously learning and staying updated with market trends, creating a well-defined investment strategy and plan, and seeking advice from experts, investors can enhance their decision-making process.
Having unrealistic expectations can lead to poor investment decisions and disappointment. It is crucial for investors to set realistic goals and expectations based on the prevailing market conditions and their risk tolerance. Additionally, avoiding overconfidence is important as it can cloud judgment and lead to excessive risk-taking.
The financial landscape is dynamic, and market trends evolve rapidly. Continuous learning and staying updated with market trends are essential for investors to adapt to changing conditions. By staying informed through reading financial news, attending seminars, and engaging in discussions with industry experts, investors can enhance their critical financial thinking skills.
Creating a well-defined investment strategy and plan is crucial for success in the financial markets. This involves setting clear goals, determining the appropriate asset allocation, and establishing criteria for selecting investments. By having a structured approach, investors can make consistent and informed investment decisions aligned with their financial objectives.
Even the most experienced investors can benefit from seeking advice and insights from experts. Consulting financial advisors, attending investment conferences, and participating in online communities can provide valuable perspectives and guidance. By leveraging the expertise of professionals, investors can gain new insights and make more informed decisions.
Capitalist Exploits offers a unique approach to critical financial thinking, helping investors navigate the complexities of the financial landscape and identify lucrative investment opportunities. By combining data-driven analysis, expert insights, and a contrarian mindset, Capitalist Exploits empowers investors to make informed decisions.
Capitalist Exploits takes a contrarian approach to investing, looking for opportunities that are often overlooked by the mainstream market. By focusing on asymmetric risk-reward profiles, Capitalist Exploits aims to identify investments with high upside potential and limited downside risk. This unique approach sets it apart from conventional investment strategies.
Capitalist Exploits leverages critical financial thinking by conducting in-depth analysis of the financial landscape, including fundamental analysis, market trends, and risk management techniques. By combining this analysis with a contrarian mindset, Capitalist Exploits identifies investment opportunities that have the potential for significant returns while minimizing downside risk.
Capitalist Exploits has a track record of successful investments across various sectors and asset classes. By employing critical financial thinking and leveraging their unique approach, Capitalist Exploits has identified opportunities that have resulted in substantial returns for their investors. These real-life examples demonstrate the effectiveness of their strategies and techniques.
Investors who explore critical financial thinking with Capitalist Exploits can unlock the potential for superior investment outcomes. By gaining access to expert analysis, contrarian insights, and proven investment strategies, investors can enhance their decision-making process and potentially achieve above-average returns. Capitalist Exploits provides a platform for investors to harness the power of critical financial thinking.
The financial landscape is constantly evolving, and staying ahead of emerging trends and opportunities is crucial for investors. By adapting to rapidly changing technologies and markets, exploring sustainable and ethical investing, seeking opportunities in emerging markets and sectors, and recognizing the evolving role of artificial intelligence, investors can position themselves for future success.
Technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and big data analytics are transforming the financial industry. Investors who adapt to these changes can gain a competitive advantage in analyzing data, identifying investment opportunities, and executing trades more efficiently. Staying updated with emerging technologies and market trends is essential for future success.
As environmental and social concerns gain prominence, sustainable and ethical investing is becoming increasingly important. Investors who align their portfolios with companies that prioritize sustainability and ethical practices can not only generate financial returns but also contribute to positive social and environmental outcomes. The rise of sustainable and ethical investing presents opportunities for investors to make a positive impact while achieving their financial goals.
Emerging markets and sectors offer exciting prospects for investors. As economies evolve and industries expand, investors can identify high-growth opportunities that may not be fully recognized by the mainstream market. By conducting thorough research and leveraging critical financial thinking, investors can tap into the potential of emerging markets and sectors.
Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the financial sector, enabling faster and more accurate analysis, prediction, and decision-making. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts of data in real-time, identify patterns, and generate insights that humans may overlook. As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, its role in financial decision-making will become increasingly significant.
Mastering critical financial thinking is an ongoing journey that requires continuous learning, adaptability, and the application of sound principles. By understanding the importance of critical financial thinking, analyzing the fundamentals, identifying investment opportunities, managing risks, understanding investor psychology, leveraging technology and data, building a framework, exploring the role of Capitalist Exploits, anticipating emerging trends, and applying critical financial thinking in real-world scenarios, investors can make smarter and more informed investment decisions. By mastering critical financial thinking, investors can navigate the complexities of the financial landscape and increase their chances of achieving their financial goals.
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Explore resources and downloads for educators seeking to help students learn financial concepts, practice money management, and build strong financial decision-making and economic-reasoning skills.
Edutopia's flagship series highlights practices and case studies from K–12 schools and districts that are improving the way students learn. Below, find downloads used by practitioners at featured schools, and dive into real-world examples of teaching and learning financial literacy.
Piggy-Bank Friday: Life Skills Through Financial Literacy : Through the Piggy-Bank Friday program, K–5 students at Walter Bracken STEAM Academy in Las Vegas, Nevada, have saved over $30,000 in one year. Watch the video, read about their practice, and take a look at this featured download:
Financial Literacy Makes School Relevant : The Ariel Community Academy, a public K–8 school on the South Side of Chicago, has been achieving remarkable success thanks to a number of effective strategies, particularly a financial-literacy program. Watch a video , and learn about the components of their K–8 curriculum to see how they do it. Then explore some of this school’s resources and downloads ; a few highlights from their Goods and Services Unit , organized according to Bloom’s Taxonomy , are linked below.
Learn about the skills that will be most essential for Financial Analysts in 2024.
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Are you ready to take your entrepreneurial journey to the next level?
In this article, you’ll discover the power of embracing failure, the importance of critical thinking, and the value of financial education.
By embracing failure, you’ll learn to aim big and make adjustments along the way.
Through critical thinking, you’ll gain insights and break free from limiting beliefs.
And with financial education, you’ll empower yourself to build financial security.
Get ready to embark on a transformative journey of innovation and success.
Table of Contents
Embrace failure as a learning opportunity and understand that it is an essential part of your entrepreneurial journey. The importance of resilience and perseverance cannot be overstated.
Failure is not the end, but rather a stepping stone towards success. It is through failure that we learn valuable lessons and make necessary adjustments. Instead of viewing failure as a setback, see it as an opportunity for growth and improvement.
Successful entrepreneurs know that failure is inevitable, but it is how they respond to failure that sets them apart. They learn from their mistakes, adapt their strategies, and keep moving forward.
Challenge your assumptions and expand your thinking to cultivate critical thinking skills as an entrepreneur.
Teach critical thinking: Encourage entrepreneurs to question and analyze information, challenging assumptions and conventional wisdom. This fosters a mindset of curiosity and inquiry, allowing for innovative solutions and fresh perspectives.
Foster curiosity: Cultivate a sense of wonder and a thirst for knowledge. Encourage entrepreneurs to explore new ideas, ask thought-provoking questions, and seek out diverse perspectives. Curiosity fuels creativity and drives innovation, pushing entrepreneurs to think outside the box and challenge the status quo.
Embrace complexity: Teach entrepreneurs to navigate complex problems by breaking them down into manageable parts, analyzing each component critically, and considering multiple perspectives. This helps develop a holistic understanding and enables entrepreneurs to make informed decisions.
Develop problem-solving skills: Encourage entrepreneurs to approach problems with a systematic and analytical mindset. Teach them techniques such as brainstorming, lateral thinking, and root cause analysis. By developing these problem-solving skills, entrepreneurs can overcome challenges and find innovative solutions that drive their businesses forward.
To master financial education for entrepreneurship, you need to actively seek knowledge on money management and wealth creation. Developing financial literacy and investment strategies is crucial for success in the business world.
By understanding how money works and how to make it work for you, you can make informed decisions that will lead to financial security and growth. Take the time to learn about budgeting, saving, and investing. Educate yourself on different investment options and strategies, such as stocks, real estate, and mutual funds.
The more you know about managing your money and making it grow, the better equipped you will be to navigate the financial challenges of entrepreneurship. Remember, financial education is an ongoing process, so continue to seek knowledge and stay informed.
Developing the skills necessary for entrepreneurship requires actively seeking opportunities to learn and grow in areas like time management, self-awareness, and leadership. To succeed as an entrepreneur, you must develop resilience and foster creativity. Here’s how you can do it:
Embrace failure as a learning opportunity. Understand that setbacks are a natural part of the entrepreneurial journey and use them to learn and improve.
Cultivate a mindset of perseverance and determination. Keep going even when faced with challenges and setbacks, knowing that success takes time and effort.
Encourage creative thinking and problem-solving abilities. Embrace innovative ideas and approaches to solve problems and find new opportunities.
Foster a supportive environment that encourages risk-taking and experimentation. Create a space where ideas can flourish and where failure is seen as a stepping stone towards success.
Discovering true happiness and a sense of purpose in entrepreneurship involves aligning your heart, passion, and personal fulfillment with the pursuit of success.
It is essential to engage in self-reflection to explore your passion and purpose in business. By taking the time to understand what truly drives you and brings you fulfillment, you can align your entrepreneurial endeavors with your deepest desires.
Self-reflection allows you to identify your strengths, values, and goals, enabling you to make informed decisions and create a business that aligns with your true purpose. It also helps you navigate challenges and setbacks with resilience and determination.
In your journey as an entrepreneur, building strong relationships and networks is crucial for success. Trust is the foundation of any relationship, and it is built through effective communication.
Here are four key strategies to help you build trust and establish meaningful connections:
Active Listening: Engage in active listening to understand others’ perspectives and show genuine interest in their ideas and opinions.
Transparency: Be open and honest in your communication, sharing both successes and failures. This transparency fosters trust and authenticity.
Consistency: Consistently deliver on your promises and commitments, demonstrating reliability and dependability.
Empathy: Show empathy towards others, understanding their feelings and needs. This helps create a supportive and collaborative environment.
How can embracing failure contribute to personal growth and success in entrepreneurship.
Embracing failure can contribute to your personal growth and entrepreneurial success. It allows you to learn from mistakes, adapt, and persevere. Failure is a stepping stone to success, providing valuable lessons and fueling innovation.
To cultivate critical thinking skills in aspiring entrepreneurs, you can employ various strategies. Encourage questioning assumptions, challenging norms, and fostering curiosity. Develop an entrepreneurial mindset that values innovative thinking and problem-solving abilities.
Financial literacy is crucial for entrepreneurs. It enables you to make informed decisions about money management, investments, and cash flow. It cultivates an entrepreneurial mindset, empowering you to create and sustain a successful business.
To thrive in the business world, develop an entrepreneurial mindset. Embrace failure as a learning opportunity, cultivate adaptability, and resilience. These essential skills will empower you to navigate challenges, seize opportunities, and drive innovation.
Finding purpose and entrepreneurial happiness is crucial for your overall success. It drives motivation, resilience, and fulfillment. When you align your business goals with your personal values, it brings a sense of purpose that fuels your journey as an entrepreneur.
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As the world of finance becomes more complex, most of us aren’t keeping up. In this series we’re exploring what it means to be financially literate .
Advice on money often boils down to simplistic messages about budgeting, understanding compound interest and avoiding debt. But research suggests financial decision-making depends as much on our values, expectations, emotions and family experiences as information taught at school.
In short, the way people interact with money is highly complex and so the way we teach our kids needs to catch up.
It’s time for a shift from teaching children rote-learned financial rules of thumb to instilling dispositions and a thinking process that underlies good financial decision-making.
Read more: Why is Australian 15-year-olds' financial literacy declining?
Funnily enough, the debate over “ smashed avocadoes ” illustrates two concepts that can make all the difference to how we approach financial decisions. The first is a future orientation and the second is self-regulation.
Thinking about the future, or a “future orientation” is incredibly important when it comes to managing money. This is a tendency to consider future consequences and a willingness to delay gratification in favour of longer term goals.
Self-regulation is the process by which we control our thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Being aware of our financial motivations and having the ability to critically analyse our decisions is also important.
These are the kinds of thought processes necessary for good financial decision-making.
Research shows that both parental behaviour (like discussing financial matters with children) and dispositions (such as future orientation) have an impact on their children’s financial behaviour into adulthood.
This means that simply discussing money can help children build financial independence by practising making decisions. For example, parents and children can discuss what they want to do with any money they receive, and maybe encouraging them to bank and save.
Giving children pocket money is another strategy for accomplishing this. Although not everyone has the means or the inclination to pay their children for helping out around the home. And you don’t have to.
Research also shows that financial hardship - living on a limited income and going without – can be just as useful in shaping financial understandings as the experience of growing up rich. In fact, there are things that children observe and experience – like problematic gambling and the financial fallout of marriage separation - that can influence them to think and feel more conservatively about money.
Read more: Students' low financial literacy makes understanding fees, loans, debt difficult
As part of my ongoing research , I have spent time working with parents, teachers, and 10-12 year old students. I’ve found that the experience of financial hardship is not lost on children. During interviews some have described the importance of working to earn an income. Others have told me that their parents work multiple jobs to make ends meet and money is stressful.
Some children suggested selling a car to save money , or competently described sophisticated economic concepts (supply, demand and market equilibrium) in relation to buying and selling second-hand goods, particularly electronic games.
These examples show that children for whom money is a limited resource bring valuable insights to their financial literacy education at school. There are ways that parents and teachers can sensitively tap into these insights during lessons.
We live in a world that sells immediacy and makes it easy to tap and go. Figuring out how to balance short term desires with longer term financial goals that may seem out of reach - like funding higher education and purchasing a home - requires focus.
Ultimately, children need practice applying their literacy and numeracy skills to make financial decisions independently. This can take place both at home and in the classroom.
For instance, instead of giving children values-laden advice about what makes a wise financial decision (such as avoiding debt), use questioning techniques to stimulate and guide their thinking.
These could include :
These questions engage children to think about what drives them and what all their available choices might be.
Read more: Economics and the brain: how people really make decisions in turbulent times
As painful as it can be, it can also be productive to let go and allow children to experience the odd financial misadventure and mistake. Later, you might ask…
These questions have the potential to promote critical thinking, a future orientation and self-regulation - without seeming to be too judgemental or interfering.
How you perceive financial issues is passed down through your family’s generations and influences every money decision you make.
When you think about the best gift you have ever received from your parents, it probably doesn’t have anything to do with your money mindset. You might think about the most useful gift, most thoughtful, most creative or most expensive. Or maybe it was a gift that made you feel something, a gift that tapped into a deeper emotional side.
Top 5 Money Lessons I Learned by Age 40
As we get older and, in theory, a little wiser, we realize the most impactful gifts don’t come in boxes. They are the lessons that our parents instill in us during our developmental years, and the most powerful lessons are often not intentionally taught. They are the ones we learn through observing how our parents act, listening to how they speak and feeling their emotional responses.
As it turns out, this is how most of us develop our foundational beliefs, values and attitudes about money that impact how we see the world. This world view of money, what I like to call your family’s money map, is influencing your financial decisions to this very day.
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Your money map is how you see both your internal self and the external world as it relates to money. Your map is what helps you chart the course for every financial decision you make. To use a more modern example, think of it as a financial GPS that is guiding you. In short, your money map is your world view, both internal and external.
Your money map and how you see the world is a complex web of beliefs, attitudes, emotions and values that you attach to money and the role that it plays in your life. It influences how you think and feel about money; it’s those thoughts and feelings that influence your actions and behaviors.
Here are some examples:
Money maps are passed down from generation to generation. Your parents have their own money maps (that their parents influenced), and they pass them on to you. And you will pass your map on to your children. We are all regifting what is arguably one of the most valuable lessons we can learn in life, and it’s one that will impact both our life and financial decisions. (Read more about money maps in the article "Is Your Money Mindset Unhealthy? You Can Change It." )
Our money maps are formed early in life. In fact, the attitudes, beliefs and emotions that form the basis for our financial world view are formed by the age of 7 . That’s right: How you think and feel about money, how money impacts your identity and how you see money in the world is coded in your brain before you develop critical thinking skills.
Here’s how this works. When we are young, our brains — think of them as mini supercomputers — are waiting to be programmed. Before we turn 7 (roughly), we lack the ability to program them ourselves, so the very foundational programming of our brains depends on the world and the people around us. Enter our parents.
Our parents’ observable attitudes toward money will form the very code that programs our minds. When we lack critical thinking skills (again, before around age 7), everything we learn and experience from our parents is getting turned into a feeling (an emotion) that is getting coded into the subconscious and unconscious parts of our brains.
What’s Standing in the Way of Your Successful ‘Money Mindset’?
In essence, we become programmed, or conditioned, to think, feel and act in specific ways. And those programs continue to run, often below the conscious level of thought, and impact our lives even today.
What most adults get wrong is that they believe their money problems are thinking problems. In reality, they’re feeling or emotional problems. That’s not to say that making smarter, more informed financial decisions isn’t important. It’s essential to improve our financial health, but there is something much deeper influencing our daily lives.
Visualize an iceberg. The part that sticks out above the water represents the thinking part of our brain. The 80% to 90% that sits beneath the water, the subconscious and unconscious mind, represents our feelings about money. And those feelings (emotions, attitudes, beliefs) are the primary force influencing our decisions today.
In my previous article on why financial literacy alone will always fail , you can learn why more information and more knowledge (i.e., more thinking) fails to change how we act and behave. There is something much deeper we need to explore.
The early programming of our minds is still with us today. Every time we make a financial decision, our brains (those supercomputers) run a program that is beneath the surface of our conscious mind. The decisions we make and the actions we take all depend on our awareness of that programming and how it interacts with our logical, rational mind.
Improving our financial well-being starts with understanding the healthy or unhealthy beliefs, attitudes and feelings that have programmed our brains. If we want to live more enriched and fulfilling lives, we need to start with exploring our money maps and how they are charting the courses we all follow.
5 Financial Wellness Tips to Help Weather the Winter
Stay tuned for next month’s article to learn how to explore your personal money map and for actionable steps you can take to change the unhealthy beliefs, attitudes, and emotions that may be keeping you from making the most of your money.
This article was written by and presents the views of our contributing adviser, not the Kiplinger editorial staff. You can check adviser records with the SEC or with FINRA .
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Brent Weiss is co-founder and Head of Financial Wellness at Facet . His belief that financial wellness is essential to living well and that all people deserve access to the kind of financial advice that can lead to an enriched life has been the driving force behind the firm's mission and vision. He is dedicated to enabling greater access to innovative, next-generation planning solutions and technology that can improve the quality of life for all people.
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The chair of Canada Post’s board says the organization’s financial situation is unsustainable.
“The board and senior management recognize that Canada Post is at a critical juncture,” said Andre Hudon at its annual general meeting on Wednesday.
“Significant change is urgently needed to preserve Canada Post’s delivery network, which is vital because it’s the only delivery network built to serve all Canadians.”
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The surge in online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped the parcel delivery market, and Canada Post is competing with “high-tech, low-cost operators who are rapidly and relentlessly evolving,” Hudon said.
He said the organization has already taken some steps to try and address these challenges, including pausing some investments to concentrate on core priorities and reducing costs at all levels.
Hudon said the company has been working hard to deliver new services to help make Canada Post more competitive in parcel delivery as the e-commerce market is projected to double in the next decade.
Letter mail used to be Canada Post’s primary source of revenue, said president and CEO Doug Ettinger.
But over almost two decades, the organization has gone from delivering 5.5 billion letters a year to about two billion, he said.
More than a decade ago, the company shifted its focus to address growing demand for parcel delivery, he said.
Ettinger said the Crown corporation has seen its parcel delivery market share cut in half since 2019.
“We are doing our very best to compete in this fast-paced parcel delivery market, but we’re doing so with an operating and delivery model built for an older era,” he said.
It doesn’t help that Canada Post is the only competitor in the category that doesn’t offer weekend delivery, he said.
In order to compete, Ettinger said Canada Post needs more flexibility in its operations and its investments, as well as from a regulatory standpoint.
In August, Canada Post reported a second-quarter profit of $46 million before tax as a one-time sale of subsidiaries helped offset an operational loss of $269 million.
That’s compared with a loss of $76 million before tax in the first quarter of the year.
In January, Canada Post and Purolator Holdings Inc. announced they were divesting their shares in subsidiaries Sci Group Inc. and Innovapost Inc. The transactions closed earlier this year.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 28, 2024.
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The chair of Canada Post’s board says the organization’s financial situation is unsustainable.
“The board and senior management recognize that Canada Post is at a critical juncture,” said Andre Hudon at its annual general meeting on Wednesday.
“Significant change is urgently needed to preserve Canada Post’s delivery network, which is vital because it’s the only delivery network built to serve all Canadians.”
The surge in online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped the parcel delivery market, and Canada Post is competing with “high-tech, low-cost operators who are rapidly and relentlessly evolving,” Hudon said.
He said the organization has already taken some steps to try and address these challenges, including pausing some investments to concentrate on core priorities and reducing costs at all levels.
Hudon said the company has been working hard to deliver new services to help make Canada Post more competitive in parcel delivery as the e-commerce market is projected to double in the next decade.
Letter mail used to be Canada Post’s primary source of revenue, said president and CEO Doug Ettinger.
But over almost two decades, the organization has gone from delivering 5.5 billion letters a year to about two billion, he said.
More than a decade ago, the company shifted its focus to address growing demand for parcel delivery, he said.
Ettinger said the Crown corporation has seen its parcel delivery market share cut in half since 2019.
“We are doing our very best to compete in this fast-paced parcel delivery market, but we’re doing so with an operating and delivery model built for an older era,” he said.
It doesn’t help that Canada Post is the only competitor in the category that doesn’t offer weekend delivery, he said.
In order to compete, Ettinger said Canada Post needs more flexibility in its operations and its investments, as well as from a regulatory standpoint.
In August, Canada Post reported a second-quarter profit of $46 million before tax as a one-time sale of subsidiaries helped offset an operational loss of $269 million.
That’s compared with a loss of $76 million before tax in the first quarter of the year.
In January, Canada Post and Purolator Holdings Inc. announced they were divesting their shares in subsidiaries Sci Group Inc. and Innovapost Inc. The transactions closed earlier this year.
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Innovate: Develop an independent mind-set. Find ways to think outside the box and challenge the status quo. Make sure your decisions are well-thought out. A critical thinker is logical as well as creative. Learn: Keep an open and well-oiled mind. Brush-up on your problem-solving skills by doing brain-teasers or trying to solve problems backwards.
Early childhood (ages 3-5) Milestones for financial knowledge and decision-making skills. What it may look like in adulthood. Has early math skills like counting and sorting. Calculates change owed at point of sale, categorizes spending for budgeting, tracks cash flow. Grasps very basic financial concepts like money and trading.
Please contact the Pre-College Programs department at 858-534-0804 or [email protected] for information about when this course will be offered again. Financial literacy is about more than just setting a budget - it's about deploying critical-thinking skills to make the financial decisions that are best for you.
Critical thinking. At the core of financial literacy is the ability to think critically about the potential consequences of actions and how actions align with personal values, aspirations, and circumstances. Given a household profile and a scenario for an out-of-state job offer, for example, designate criteria for a ...
Critical thinking in finance is more than a mere skill; it's a foundational capability that empowers finance professionals to navigate the increasingly complex and dynamic world of finance. The ability to analyze information deeply, question assumptions, and draw well-reasoned conclusions is crucial for effective financial management.
Critical thinking is needed to evaluate complex situations and arrive at logical, sometimes creative, answers to questions. Informed judgments incorporating the ever-increasing amount of data available are essential for decision making and strategic planning. Thus, creatively thinking about problems is a core competency for accounting and ...
Curiosity and open-mindedness are critical to critical thinking. By staying curious and open to new ideas, you can challenge your assumptions, evaluate multiple perspectives, and make informed decisions that drive financial growth. One way to cultivate curiosity is to regularly attend industry conferences and events.
The role of critical thinking in financial decision-making. When it comes to financial decision-making, critical thinking can make all the difference. It helps you evaluate different options and assess their potential impacts on your organization. By considering various scenarios and weighing the pros and cons of different decisions, you can ...
Financial Literacy, Critical Thinking Skills, and Financial Outcomes Boudewijn de Bruin Chair Financial Ethics. Princeton, October 9, 2017 | 2 faculty of economics and business ... › Vulnerable to mis-selling of financial products › Insufficient retirement planning › Taking risks one cannot afford › Unable to repay mortgage
Critical financial thinking is a skill that enables investors to assess the complex financial landscape from multiple perspectives, helping them navigate uncertainties and make smarter choices. By developing a 360-degree view of the financial landscape, recognizing the impact of cognitive biases on decision-making, and evaluating the long-term ...
Below, find downloads used by practitioners at featured schools, and dive into real-world examples of teaching and learning financial literacy. Piggy-Bank Friday: Life Skills Through Financial Literacy: Through the Piggy-Bank Friday program, K-5 students at Walter Bracken STEAM Academy in Las Vegas, Nevada, have saved over $30,000 in one year.
Critical thinking enables Financial Analysts to challenge assumptions, evaluate the validity of data, and make sound judgments under uncertainty. Top Hard Skills for Financial Analysts. Hard Skills. Equipping analysts with robust quantitative, modeling, and data visualization skills to drive financial strategy and market insights.
In this article, you'll discover the power of embracing failure, the importance of critical thinking, and the value of financial education. By embracing failure, you'll learn to aim big and make adjustments along the way. Through critical thinking, you'll gain insights and break free from limiting beliefs.
Critical thinking; Financial literacy; What is financial literacy; Want to write? Write an article and join a growing community of more than 188,700 academics and researchers from 5,030 institutions.
Visualize an iceberg. The part that sticks out above the water represents the thinking part of our brain. The 80% to 90% that sits beneath the water, the subconscious and unconscious mind ...
Learn to approach challenges and problems in a structured, logical manner. This expert course will train you to analyse data, think critically, and make decisions based on your analysis. This course is worth 3 units of continuing professional development (CPD). Each unit represents one hour of learning. Each unit represents one hour of learning.
Financial statement analysis is a particularly rich setting for developing critical thinking skills in that students may form more than one defensible position. Both Sullivan (1996) and Basu and Cohen (1994) document using financial statement analysis projects in introductory accounting courses.
Critical-thinking can relate to problem-solving, and oftentimes, the two skills can be combined. Financial analysts may need to possess excellent critical-thinking skills that ultimately can aid them when finding the best investments for their company, deciding whether to sell an asset or buy new financial software that may help their business ...
According to the University of the People in California, having critical thinking skills is important because they are [ 1 ]: Universal. Crucial for the economy. Essential for improving language and presentation skills. Very helpful in promoting creativity. Important for self-reflection.
How financial knowledge and skills are applied will take on different forms due to individuals' varied skill levels, aspirations, and life circumstances. Financial know -how accompanied by core skills—such as critical thinking, problem solving, self-awareness, and adaptability—can boost individual financial capability to improve financial
The world can feel very polarised and confusing at times. Here are five strategies to boost your critical thinking skills. Made by BBC Ideas in partnership with The Open University, external
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The chair of Canada Post's board says the organization's financial situation is unsustainable. "The board and senior management recognize that Canada Post is at a critical juncture," said ...