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• 15 Sep 2023
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[Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper, Including Topicwise last 28 YEARS Essay Question Papers (1993-2020) with booklist, strategy!

Upsc mains-2020’s essay paper compared to the past papers..

• UPSC Essay Preparation/Strategy/Booklist?

UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-A

Upsc-csm20-essay: section-b.

1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture

1.1 India Since Independence

1.2 Federalism, Decentralization

1.3 Administration

1.4 Judiciary

1.5 Poverty, Social Justice

1.6 Indian Society, Culture and Values

1.7 Media, TV & Cinema

2 Economy, Development

2.1 Growth vs Development

2.2 Environment vs Development

2.4 Sectors of Economy

3 Education

3.1 Values in Education

3.2 Scheme implementation

3.3 Higher education

4 Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

4.1 Character, Honesty, Ethics

4.2 Knowledge

4.3 Compassion

4.4 Truth and reality

4.5 Youth, Discipline

4.6 Towards excellence

5 Women empowerment

5.1 @National Politics

5.2 @World / Quote type

5.3 Empowerment overall

5.4 Compared to men

6 International issues, Internal Security

6.1 Globalization

6.2 International Org./ Bilateral

6.3 Security

7 Science-Technology

7.1 Science and Religion

7.2 Science and Education

7.3 Computer and internet

7.4 Sci-Tech: others

• On Jan-08-2021, UPSC Conducted Civil Services Mains Exam (CSM-2020)’s Essay Paper (Because of the Corona lockdown, the exam cycle is running late).

• New aspirants need to take care not to get brainwashed by one sided analysis of coaching-classes that “ just because so many philosophical topics are asked so you should blindly take philosophy as an optional subject And automatically you will get a ticket to IAS selection! ” – As per the latest annual report of UPSC uploaded on their website, the number of UPSC selection from Philosophy was 53 candidates among 1056 candidates selected in 2017 i.e. 7% (btw, It seems UPSC uploads the annual reports with a lot of delay so as to avoid controversies about selections)

What to do for Essay Preparation/Strategy/Booklist?

• In the market there are lot of readymade books available for the essay. However, as far as the Civil Service exam is concerned they’re not very useful.
• you have to manually gather the content and cultivate the skill for essay writing. Common resources include:
• Last 3 years Yojana and Kurukshetra magazines: They are available in English, Hindi and other Vernacular languages. They can be downloaded for free from their official website: http://yojana.gov.in/Recent_archive_2018.asp (Tip: Replace the year in URL, when you want to access previous years). There is no need to read each and every article, at least go through the preface / Editor’s Note in the beginning of each PDF.
• Last 3-5 years economic surveys available for free at https://indiabudget.gov.in/bspeecha.asp No need to read entire PDFs, just the introductions and conclusions of each chapter.
• IGNOU MPS-003 module. Available for free at https://egyankosh.ac.in
• NCERT textbooks, especially those related to Sociology, Political Science and World History.
• Newspaper Columns: English (TheHindu or IndianExpress), Hindi (JanSatta). In the vernacular language newspapers (e.g. Divya-Bhaskar Gujarati etc)= the quality of the column is not worthy of civil service exam essays.
• Ethics (GS Paper 4) related preparation would also come handy here.

2020’s Essay Paper in linear/sequential format

(write any one essay in 1000-1200 words, 125 marks)

• 1) Life is a long journey between human being and being humane. (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)
• 2) Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )
• 3) Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं )
• 4) Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है )
• 5) Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता )
• 6) There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है )
• 7) Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है)
• 8) Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी)

Topic wise Essays of last 28 years (1993-2020)

• Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? -2013
• In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy -2012
• Dreams which should not let India sleep. -2015
• Why should we be proud of being Indians? -2000
• Whither Indian democracy? -1995
• How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? -2003
• What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. -1997
• What have we gained from our democratic set-up? -2001
• My vision of India in 2001 a.d. -1993
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. -2017
• Water disputes between States in federal India. -2016
• Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality. -2016
• Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication -2011
• Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. -2007
• Water resources should be under the control of the central government. -2004
• The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. -1998
• How should a civil servant conduct himself? -2003
• Politics without ethics is a disaster. -1995
• The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy -1996
• Need for transparency in public administration -1996
• The country’s need for a better disaster management system. -2000
• Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. -1994
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. -2017
• Justice must reach the poor -2005
• Judicial activism and Indian democracy. -2004
• Judicial activism. -1997
• There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है ) -2020
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness. -2019
• The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. -2009
• Food security for sustainable national development -2005
• Reservation, politics and empowerment. -1999
• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता ) -2020
• Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? -2000
• Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. -2000
• The composite culture of India. -1998
• The Indian society at the crossroads. -1994
• From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? -2010
• New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion -1996
• Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy. -2019
• Responsibility of media in a democracy. -2002
• Role of media in good governance -2008
• Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? -2011
• How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? -2007
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? -2014
• Mass media and cultural invasion. -1999
• The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. -1998
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
• Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? -2014
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country-2013
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
• Resource management in the Indian context. -1999
• Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993
• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. -2018
• Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? -2010
• Urbanisation and its hazards -2008
• Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. -2006
• Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. -1997
• Ecological considerations need not hamper development. -1993
• Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. -2006
• Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs -1994
• Special economic zone: boon or bane -2008
• Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified ?-2012
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. -2017
• BPO boom in India. -2007
• Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? -2014
• Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? -2009
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. -2017
• Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil-2015
• Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. -2007
• Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? -2014
• Irrelevance of the classroom. -2001
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? -2014
• Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. -1996
• Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ? -2008
• What is real education? -2005
• “Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. -2006
• Restructuring of Indian education system. -1995
• Privatization of higher education in India. -2002
• Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges -2011
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है ) -2020
• Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं ) -2020
• Life is a long journey between human being and being humane. (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)-2020
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society -2019
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success -2019
• Wisdom finds truth -2019
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. -2018
• Customary morality cannot be a guide to modem file. -2018
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. -2016
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. -2015
• With greater power comes greater responsibility. -2014
• Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. -2014
• Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. -2007
• He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. -1993
• Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )-2020
• ‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. -2018
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. -2018
• There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. -2003
• Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. -1995
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. -2017
• Compassion is the basic of all morality of the world -1993
• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -2015
• Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi)-2013
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. -2018
• Truth is lived, not taught -1996
• When money speaks, the truth is silent. -1995
• Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. -2002
• Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin -2008
• Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret -1994
• If youth knew, if age could. -2002
• Youth culture today. -1999
• Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? -2014
• Quick but steady wins the race. -2015
• Useless life is an early death. -1994
• Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. -1995
• The paths of glory lead but to the grave. -2002
• The pursuit of excellence. -2001
• Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. -1997
• Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. -2006
• The new emerging women power: the ground realities. -1995
• If women ruled the world -2005
• The hand that rocks the cradle -2005
• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है) -2020
• Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. -2017
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered. -2016
• Whither women’s emancipation? -2004
• Empowerment alone cannot help our women. -2001
• Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. -1999
• Woman is god’s best creation. -1998
• Men have failed: let women take over. -1993
• Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal ?-2012
• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities. -2019
• Geography may remain the same ; history need not. -2010
• Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. -1994
• ‘globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’ -2009
• National identity and patriotism -2008
• Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. -2004
• The masks of new imperialism. -2003
• As civilization advances culture declines. -2003
• The implications of globalization for India. -2000
• My vision of an ideal world order. -2001
• India’s contribution to world wisdom. -1998
• The world of the twenty-first century. -1998
• Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. -2010
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी) -2020
• Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world ? -2017
• Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities -1996
• The global order: political and economic -1993
• India’s role in promoting ASEAN co-operation. -2004
• Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement -2006
• Management of Indian border dispute is a complex task. -2018
• In the Indian context , both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism -2011
• Are we a ‘soft’ state ? -2009
• Good fences make good neighbours -2009
• Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? -2007
• Terrorism and world peace -2005
• True religion cannot be misused. -1997
• Spirituality and scientific temper. -2003
• Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ?-2012
• Modern technological education and human values. -2002
• Value-based science and education. -1999
• The march of science and the erosion of human values. -2001
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling. -2019
• ‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. -2017
• Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run -2016
• Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. -2006
• The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. -2000
• Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution. -1993
• Technology cannot replace manpower. -2015
• Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation-2013
• The modern doctor and his patients. -1997
• The lure of space. -2004

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73 comments.

Thank you sir, Please also upload for other subject (GS 1, 2,3,4) It will be a great help

Thank you sir

UPSC solved essay papers

Essay paper download

Thank you sir please provide essay question paper PDF

Thank you so much sir

How to downloded

is essay upsc allowed written in nepali medium ?

Thank You Sir!!

Hii download kese karana he

Need to download

it is arranged nicely, Thank you sir

Where is the link plz help me

Sir,from where we can get model answers (for general idea )of this previous year asked essays. Thanks for sharing above information.

Pl. Send more info.

Great efforts

Sir plz share pvq questions

really amazing guide

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Essay (UPSC Mains) - Previous Year Questions

• Thinking is like a game; it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
• Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
• Not all who wander are lost.
• Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
• Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands — two equally harmful disciplines.
• Mathematics is the Music of Reason.
• A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
• Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

Value based / Ethical Issues

• A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Philosophical

• The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
• You can not step twice in the same river.
• A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for.

Miscellaneous / Mixed

• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence. (Environment / Economics)
• Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world ( Literature / Socio-political-economic impacts)
• History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man ( History / Values / Philosophy)
• Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
• Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
• The real is rational and the rational is real.
• Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

History / Culture

• History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

Science and Technology

• What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
• There are better practices to “best practices”. ( Multiple Themes )
• The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. ( Philosophy / Technology)
• Life is long journey between human being and being humane.
• Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
• Ships do not sink because of water around them; ships sink because of water that gets into them.
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.

Social Issues

• There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations ( Technology / International Relation ).
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
• Wisdom finds truth.
• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.

Science & Technology

• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
• Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
• A people that value its privileges above its principles lose both.
• “The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
• Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life.
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.

Environment

• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.

IR & Security

• Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task.
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
• Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.
• Social media is inherently a selfish medium Domain.
• Has the Non- Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multi-polar world Domain.
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India Domain. ( Agriculture )
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India Domain.
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.

Polity & Governance

• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws Domain.
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
• Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run Domain.
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
• Water disputes between states in federal India Domain.
• Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality India.
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. ( Technology / Economy)
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare Domain. ( Technology / Economy / Social Sector)
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
• Quick but steady wins the race.
• Technology cannot replace manpower.
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?
• Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil. ( Education / Ethics)
• Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. ( Morality / Economics)
• With greater power comes greater responsibility.
• Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
• Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
• Are the standardized tests, good measure of academic ability or progress?
• Dreams which should not let India sleep. ( Multiple themes )
• Fifty Gold’s in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? ( Sports / Governance )
• Be the change you want to see in others – Gandhiji
• Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation.
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.
• Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? ( History / Culture / Growth & Development / Ethics )

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Important UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years: Download PDF

Annesha Deb ,

Mar 4, 2024 | UPSC CSAT

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The judiciary, economics, society, government policies, geography, science and technology, and federalism are some areas for UPSC essay topics. Students have to answer 1 essay topic from Sections A and B.

The UPSC Essay Topics 2023 are segmented into two sections - Section A and B with 4 topics each. The topics are "Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team", "Visionary decision-making at the intersection of intuition and logic", "Not all who wander are lost".

UPSC essay topics are from various areas: Administration, Democracy/India since Independence, Judiciary, Economics, Federalism, Decentralisation, Indian culture and Society, Environment, Socialisation, and Science & Technology. The essay questions are part of civil services mains exams. Each essay topic must be written within 1000 to 1200 words. 

Table of Contents

• UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years PDFs: Download Link

UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years

How to prepare for upsc essay topics, upsc essay topics from previous years pdfs.

In the table below are the UPSC essay topics from the previous years. These are the official PDFs. Students can download the PDFs by clicking on the links. 

UPSC essay topics are divided into two sections: Sections A and B. Students have to choose their desired topic. There are 4 topics in each section. Here are the UPSC essay topics from 2023 to 2014. 

UPSC Essay Topics 2023

Upsc essay topics 2022, upsc essay topics 2021, upsc essay topics 2020, upsc essay topics 2019, upsc essay topics 2018, upsc essay topics 2017, upsc essay topics 2016, upsc essay topics 2015, upsc essay topics 2014.

• Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team 
• Visionary decision-making at the intersection of intuition and logic
• Not all who wander are lost
• Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane
• Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands - two equally harmful disciplines
• Mathematics is the music of reason
• A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity
• Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school
• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
• Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
• History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
• A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not what ship is for.
• The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
• You cannot step twice in the same river.
• A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

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• The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 
• Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 
• Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
• The real is rational and the rational is real.
• Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
• What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! 
• History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
• There are better practices to "best practices".

Also Check : How to Crack UPSC?

• Life is long journey between human being and being humane.
• Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
• Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. 
• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
• There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

Also Check : Easiest Optional Subjects for UPSC

• Wisdom finds truth.
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
• Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.
• Management of Indian border disputes-a complex task.
• The past' is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both.
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. 
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
• Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world? 
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
• Fulfilment of 'new woman' in India is a myth.
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
• Social media' is inherently a selfish medium. 
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
• Water disputes between States in federal India.
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. 
• Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality.
• Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.
• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
• Quick but steady wins the race. 
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
•  Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever  devil. 
• Technology cannot replace manpower. 
• Crisis faced in India - moral or economic.
• Dreams which should not let India sleep.
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth ?
• With greater power comes greater responsibility.
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
• Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? 
• Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? 
• Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
• Tourism Can this be the next big thing for India?

Preparation for UPSC essay topics is important. One hundred twenty-five marks are allotted to each topic, and the total marks for the paper are 250. 

Therefore, here are some of the preparation tips:

• Research for Topics: Students are advised to review the popular essay topics. Do a thorough research on the topic and support the essay with facts. 
• List Down the Topics: Once the topics are gathered, students must divide them into judiciary, polity, administration, society, economics, etc. This process helps in collecting supporting information quickly. 
• Know the Latest Events: UPSC essay topics are usually from the latest events. The knowledge of events is tested; students must watch the news or read Pratiyogita Darpan to know the latest events. 
• Practice Writing: The writing has to be fast and precise. Students must choose a topic, start writing on it, and time themselves. 
• Proofread: Students must also proofread their essay topics if there are mistakes that will cost them a deduction of marks.

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In-depth analysis of upsc previous year question papers –.

UPSC question papers are the gateways to success, reflecting the examiners’ mindset. Understanding the pattern is crucial. These papers serve as valuable resources for aspirants aiming to crack one of the most challenging competitive exams in India. The in-depth analysis involves scrutinizing the pattern, topics, and the level of difficulty to devise an effective study plan.

Type of Question Asked in UPSC Previous Year Question Papers

Prelims: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are common, covering various subjects such as History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Science and Technology, Environment, and Current Affairs.

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Analyzing Trends of UPSC Previous Year Question Papers

Identification of recurring themes and topics can help candidates prioritize their preparation. Understanding the balance between static and dynamic portions in each subject is crucial.

Time Management Techniques

Cracking the UPSC exam is as much about managing time effectively as it is about knowledge. Learn proven techniques to optimize your study hours and enhance productivity.

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Regular revision of important concepts and current affairs is essential. Focus on weak areas and strengthen them through targeted preparation.

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UPSC Previous Year Papers: 2023

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The UPSC Previous Year Question Papers provide valuable insights about the types of questions that can be asked in the upcoming UPSC Exam 2024. UPSC PYQ will help aspirants understand the exam’s requirements and familiarize themselves with the exam pattern. They provide insights into the exam pattern , highlight important topics, improve problem-solving skills, and offer an opportunity for self-assessment. Regular practice with previous year papers can significantly enhance a candidate's chances of clearing the UPSC CSE and achieving their dream of becoming a civil servant. To assist candidates in their preparation, UPSC Previous Year Question Papers PDF are provided in this article, enabling candidates to download and utilize them effectively. It is important to note that the UPSC Exam 2024 is scheduled to be held on 16th June 2024 .

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Essay Paper UPSC 2023 (Mains) Question Paper and Analysis

Last updated on September 27, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

UPSC conducted the Civil Service Mains exam for essay paper on 15 September 2023.

The CSE mains essay paper comprises two sections. Each section contains 4 essay topics. Out of which 2 topics of choice from each section need to be picked.

Candidates were supposed to answer about 1000-1200 words for each essay.

Table of Contents

UPSC CSE Essay Paper 2023 Instructions

General instructions mentioned on the essay paper, that need to be followed by every aspirant are provided here.

• Total Marks: 250 marks, Time duration: 3 hours.
• The essay must be written in the medium authorized in the admission certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this question-cum-answer (QCA) booklet in the space provided.
• No marks will be given for answers written in a medium other than the authorized one.
• Word limit, as specified, should be adhered to.
• Any page or portion of the page left blank, must be struck off clearly.

Essay Question Paper: UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2023

The question paper of the UPSC CSE mains essay paper is provided here.

Write  two  essays, choosing  one  topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each:

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1: Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.

2: Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.

3: Not all who wander are lost.

4: Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.

5: Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands- two equally harmful disciplines.

6: Mathematics is the music of reasons.

7: A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.

8: Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

UPSC Mains Essay Paper 2023: Exam Analysis

The essay topics for the UPSC Civil Services Main Exam in 2023 were intellectually demanding and philosophical in nature.

They required candidates to engage in deep critical thinking and present their thoughts logically.

All the questions in this year’s paper aimed at assessing the candidates’ ability to handle abstract concepts and express their ideas effectively in a structured manner.

This year’s essay topics look like that UPSC has taken inspiration from a wide range of sources, including philosophical and literary works.

Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team

This topic seems to revolve around the idea that critical thinking often emerges in response to opposing viewpoints or challenges.

Candidates may have been asked to explore how the clash of ideas leads to innovation and progress.

Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.

This famous saying belongs to Paul O’Brien.

This statement likely prompted candidates to discuss the balance between intuition and rationality in making important decisions.

It encourages a reflection on the role of both factors in effective leadership and problem-solving

Not all who wander are lost

This saying belongs to J.R.R. Tolkien,  The Fellowship of the Ring.

The topic expected from candidates to think about how exploring and being spontaneous in life’s journey can be really good.

It’s a deep topic that can be understood in many different ways.

Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane

This essay topic appears to emphasize the idea that creativity is not limited to rare moments of inspiration but can be found in everyday experiences.

It probably asked people to think about where creativity comes from and how we can express it in our daily lives.

Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands- two equally harmful disciplines

This is the saying of Simone de Beauvoir

Simone de Beauvoir was a prominent French existentialist philosopher and feminist thinker. She made significant contributions to feminist philosophy through her work, including “The Second Sex,” where she discussed the concept of “The Other” and examined the role of societal expectations in shaping women’s lives.

The quote by Simone de Beauvoir presented the idea that both girls and boys or individuals of different genders, often face distinct but equally harmful forms of societal pressures and constraints.

It suggests that expectations placed on girls (referred to as “restrictions”) and boys (referred to as “demands”) can be damaging and limit their potential.

Mathematics is the music of reasons

The complete saying of James Joseph Sylvester is that mathematics is the music of reason. May not music be described as the mathematics of the sense, mathematics as music of the reason? The musician feels mathematics, the mathematician thinks music: music the dream, mathematics the working life.”

This statement suggests a poetic connection between mathematics and music. Candidates likely had to discuss the beauty and logic inherent in mathematics and its role in shaping our understanding of the world.

A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity

This topic seems to touch upon the ideas of social justice and charity, which have been discussed by philosophers like John Rawls and the concept of the “veil of ignorance.”

Candidates may have been asked to explore the relationship between justice, equality, and philanthropy in society.

Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school

Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school –  Albert Einstein .

This essay topic likely demands from candidates to reflect on the value of education beyond rote memorization.

It may have expect discussion on the practical application of knowledge and lifelong learning.

What Should Aspirants Preparing for UPSC CSE for Next Year do for an essay paper?

Taking the essay paper in the UPSC exam seriously is important. This paper requires you to write 10-12 pages about abstract or philosophical topics, which can be challenging if you’re not well-prepared.

To succeed in this exam and perform well in the essay paper, you should work on improving your comprehension and analytical skills. To get additional guidance you can join the ClearIAS essay writing program as well.

One helpful way to prepare is by reading various types of essays, especially philosophical ones. Pay special attention to the ideas of famous philosophers like Immanuel Kant, Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, Friedrich Nietzsche, Karl Marx, and others.

Practice writing essays based on famous quotes, as this is a common format in UPSC exams.

Additionally, be ready to write essays on a wide range of topics, including society, politics, the economy, and technology. UPSC asks such types of questions too.

Keep in mind that there isn’t a fixed pattern for UPSC questions. Analyze previous year’s question papers to get valuable insight. So, focus on understanding the way UPSC frames questions rather than expecting a consistent trend.

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In the journey to cracking the Civil Services Examination, UPSC previous year question papers play an important role. They offer valuable insights into the exam pattern, question types, priority areas, and time management strategies. Moreover, they provide a means for aspirants to assess their progress and build confidence. Aspirants should incorporate the practice of solving UPSC previous year papers into their study routine, making it an integral part of their preparation strategy. In doing so, they enhance their chances of mastering this challenging examination and realising their dream of serving the nation in prestigious administrative roles.

Every year, thousands of aspirants strive to crack this examination to secure prestigious positions in the Indian Administrative Service, Indian Police Service, and various other central services. Among the myriad resources available for CSE preparation, UPSC previous year question papers stand out as invaluable assets. On this page, you can download the last 10 years UPSC question papers PDF and understand how they aid aspirants in their journey toward success.

UPSC Previous Year Question Paper

UPSC previous year question papers offer a window into the variety of question types that the Commission employs. UPSC Questions are designed to test candidates' analytical, problem-solving, and decision-making abilities. These may include multiple-choice questions, essay-type questions, and those requiring subjective responses. By reviewing past papers, aspirants can identify common question structures and practice answering them effectively.

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UPSC Previous Year Question Papers - Essay

Upsc essay paper 2022, upsc essay paper 2021, upsc essay paper 2020, upsc essay paper 2019, upsc essay paper 2018, upsc essay paper 2017, upsc essay paper 2016, upsc essay paper 2015, upsc essay paper 2014, upsc essay paper 2013, upsc essay paper 2012, upsc essay paper 2011, upsc essay paper 2010, upsc essay paper 2009, upsc mains optional subjects question papers.

Benefits of Solving UPSC Previous Year Question Paper

Solving UPSC previous year question papers is one of the most important things you can do to prepare for the UPSC exam . Here are some of the benefits of solving previous year's question papers:

• Get familiar with the exam pattern and the type of questions asked. The UPSC exam is a very competitive exam, and the question paper is designed to test your knowledge and understanding of a wide range of subjects. By solving UPSC previous year question papers, you will get a good idea of the type of questions that are asked, the level of difficulty, and the time it takes to answer them. This will help you to prepare better for the actual exam.
• Identify your strengths and weaknesses. As you solve UPSC previous year papers, you will start to identify your strengths and weaknesses in different subjects. This will help you to focus your studies on the areas where you need the most improvement.
• Learn time management skills. The UPSC CSE is a three-hour exam, and you will need to manage your time wisely in order to answer all of the questions. By solving previous year question papers, you will get a better understanding of how much time you need to spend on each question.
• Gain confidence. The more you practice, the more confident you will become in your ability to answer the questions in the exam. Solving UPSC previous year question papers is a great way to build your confidence and prepare for the actual exam.

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UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Compilations PDF [2013-19]

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UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Pdf Download 2021

Hello folks, we are back again with more UPSC-related study material. Today we are sharing UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Pdf Download 2021 .

The previous year’s question paper lays the foundation for strengthening further preparation. We have tried arranging the paper topic wise eg. Science and Technology, History, Geography, etc.

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2019

Section – A

1. Wisdom finds truth

2. Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be

3. Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society

4. Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to succes

Section – B

5. South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities

6. Neglect of primary healthcare and education in India are reasons for its backwardness

7. Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy

8. Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through.

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2018

Section – A

1. Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.

2. A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.

3. Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.

4. Management of Indian border disputes- a complex task.

Section – B

1. Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life

2. ‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values

3. A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both

4. Reality does not confirm to the ideal, but confirms it

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2017

1. Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for the majority of farmers in India.

2. Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.

3. Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.

4. Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world?

1. Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.

2. Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.

3. We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.

4. ‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium.

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2016

1. If development is not engendered, it is endangered

2. Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed

3. Water disputes between States in federal India

4. Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare

1. Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality

2. Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run

3. Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms

4. Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2015

1. Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.

2. Quick but steady wins the race.

3. Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.

4. Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather make a man a more clever devil.

1. Technology cannot replace manpower.

2. Crisis faced in India – moral or economic.

3. Dreams which should not let India sleep.

4. Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 201 4

1. With greater power comes greater responsibility.

2. Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?

3. Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress?

4. Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.

1. Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?

2. Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?

3. Fifty Golds in Olympics: can this be a reality for India?

4. Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2013

Write an essay on any one of the following topics: 250

1. Be the change you want to see in others – Gandhiji.

2. Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s success?

3. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.

4. Science and Technology are the panaceas for the growth and security of the nation.

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2012

Write an essay on any one of the following topics: 200

1. In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy.

2. Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified?

3. Science and Mysticism: Are they compatible?

4. Managing work and home-is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2011

1. Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic, and developmental implications.

2. Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it?

3. Credit-based higher education system-status, opportunities and challenges.

4. In the Indian context, both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism.

Previous Year Essay Questions Papers 2010

1. Geography may remain the same; history need not.

2. Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country?

3. Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role.

4. From traditional Indian philanthropy to the Gates-Buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift?

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Log in to leave a comment Advertisement Privacy Policy Javascript not detected. Javascript required for this site to function. Please enable it in your browser settings and refresh this page. International Today’s Paper Express Shorts Mini Crossword Health & Wellness UPSC Essays Simplified | How to write Philosophical essays? Philosophical themes are the most frequently asked topics in upsc essay paper. how are these upsc philosophical essays different from pure academic ones how should an aspirant prepare for such essays let's learn through examples from past year questions.. There is a pleasure in philosophy which every aspirant feels, until it appears as an unavoidable component of the UPSC CSE Essay paper. Is it so? In the past few years, the  Essay paper of UPSC CSE has started focussing on philosophical quotes. This shift in trend has become a big challenge for aspirants in their UPSC journey. With UPSC Mains 2024 just a few days away, you might be still worried about your strategies for tackling the philosophical quotes based essays. In UPSC Essentials’ special series  UPSC Essays Simplified , we take you through various steps of writing a good essay. While there is no set formula or fixed criteria prescribed,  Manas Srivastava  talks to  Ravi Kapoor , our expert, in this new series who guides the aspirants with a simplified framework on how to write a good essay. About our Expert:  Ravi Kapoor (Ex-IRS)  offers free quality mentorship to UPSC aspirants, drawing upon his ten years of experience to create customised and productive curriculum. Through a free mentorship programme, he integrates tailored educational materials, psychological principles, visual learning techniques, and a strong emphasis on mental well-being into his teaching skills granting aspirants a chance to learn from his expertise. From last 4 weeks, we have started to devote one article to each of the dimensions of essay topics and go into the details of the themes, so that you never run out of content while writing an essay on any topic. In past we have discussed spiritual essays ,   temporal essays ,  ethical essays  and psychological essays . Today, let’s talk about essays with philosophical dimensions. Q.  How are the philosophical essays of UPSC different from pure academic ones? Essay topics in the UPSC Mains exam often require candidates to delve into deep philosophical debates. Such topics expect an aspirant to explore abstract concepts such as free will, reality, mind and matter, and the nature of existence. But how are these UPSC philosophical essays different from pure academic ones? It is important to highlight that, unlike typical academic philosophy, these essays should resonate with a broader audience. One of the important elements of such essays is to demonstrate the ability to apply philosophical insights to real-world issues and contemporary societal challenges. Q. So, how should an aspirant prepare for philosophical essays for UPSC? Let’s answer this question  in ways   using the methods  we  have  adopted in our previous article.   Analysing previous year’s questions and relevant content ideas will help. To begin with, here are some key philosophical themes that frequently appear in UPSC essay topics, along with content ideas to help you develop well-rounded responses. Key themes and Content ideas 1. Free Will vs. Determinism Example Topic:   “Freedom of Will is a Mirage: Discuss in the Context of Social and Political Realities.” Content Ideas: Conceptual Clarity:  Begin by defining free will and determinism. Free will suggests that individuals have the autonomy to make their own choices, while determinism argues that all events, including human actions, are determined by preceding causes. Philosophical Debate:  Reference classical debates, such as those between philosophers like Immanuel Kant, who supported free will, and Baruch Spinoza, who leaned towards determinism. Real-World Application:  Discuss how free will can be a myth in the context of societal structures, such as caste, class, and economic constraints, which heavily influence individual choices in India. Analyze how laws and policies attempt to balance free will with societal norms. Contemporary Relevance:  Relate this debate to current issues, such as the debate over privacy and surveillance, where the freedom to choose is increasingly under threat. 2. The Nature of Reality Example Topic:   “Reality is Merely an Illusion: Critically Analyze the Statement.” Philosophical Foundations:  Introduce the concept of reality from both Eastern and Western perspectives. Discuss the idea of “Maya” in Indian philosophy, which considers the physical world as an illusion, and contrast it with the Western materialist view. Philosophy and Science:  Explore how quantum physics has challenged classical notions of reality, with concepts like the observer effect and superposition suggesting that reality is not as concrete as it seems. Practical Implications:  Reflect on how the perception of reality shapes social behavior and policy-making. Discuss how media, propaganda, and digital technology can manipulate perceptions of reality, influencing public opinion and political decisions. Example:  Refer to Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, where prisoners perceive shadows on the wall as reality, drawing parallels with how media can shape our perception of the world. 3. Mind vs. Matter Example Topic:   “Mind Over Matter: A Philosophical Exploration of Consciousness and Materialism.” Dualism vs. Materialism:   Start by explaining the philosophical debate between dualism (the belief that mind and body are separate) and materialism (the belief that only physical matter exists). Reference thinkers like René Descartes (dualism) and Thomas Hobbes (materialism). Contemporary Relevance:  Discuss how this debate influences modern issues like mental health, artificial intelligence, and neuroscience. For instance, how does understanding consciousness impact the development of AI? How do materialist approaches affect our healthcare systems? Case Study:  Use examples from Indian philosophy, such as the Sankhya school, which posits a dualistic interpretation of existence, contrasting it with contemporary neuroscientific views that see consciousness as a product of brain activity. Current Issues:  Consider the implications of this debate in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, where mental health issues have taken center stage, challenging the traditional materialist focus on physical health alone. 4. The Paradox of Freedom and Authority Example Topic:   “Absolute Freedom is a Myth: Analyze the Role of Authority in Shaping Societal Norms.” Philosophical Foundations:  Discuss the balance between individual freedom and societal authority. Reference social contract theories, particularly those of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, which explore the origins and limits of authority in society. Practical Applications:  Analyze how this balance plays out in democratic societies, especially in India, where the Constitution guarantees fundamental rights, but also imposes reasonable restrictions in the interest of public order, morality, and national security. Case Studies:  Examine contemporary debates on freedom of expression versus national security, particularly in the context of the internet and social media regulation. Examples:  Consider the ongoing debate over freedom of speech in India, such as the challenges posed by sedition laws and the right to dissent. 5. The Search for Meaning and Purpose Example Topic:   “The Pursuit of Happiness: Is It a Fundamental Human Right or a Social Construct?” Philosophical Perspectives:  Explore the concept of happiness through the lenses of different philosophies. Discuss Aristotle’s idea of eudaimonia (flourishing), the hedonistic approach, and the Buddhist concept of nirvana as the cessation of suffering. Contemporary Relevance:  Analyze how the pursuit of happiness is framed in modern society—whether through consumerism, personal success, or social relationships. How do government policies, like the Gross National Happiness Index in Bhutan, attempt to measure and promote happiness? Ethical Considerations:  Reflect on the ethical implications of pursuing happiness at the expense of others, and the role of social structures in defining what happiness means in different cultural contexts. Example:  Refer to the UN’s World Happiness Report and discuss how different countries interpret and prioritize happiness, contrasting it with the Indian context. Q. The other important aspect of writing a good essay is its structure. An aspirant may find it not very easy to structure philosophical essays… To effectively tackle philosophical essay topics in UPSC Mains, it’s essential to maintain a clear and coherent structure: 1. Introduction: Begin with a thought-provoking statement or question related to the topic. Briefly outline the philosophical concepts involved and their relevance to contemporary issues. 2. Main Body: Philosophical Insights:  Discuss the key philosophical ideas relevant to the topic. Incorporate both Indian and Western perspectives where applicable. Real-World Applications:  Illustrate how these philosophical ideas manifest in current societal, political, or ethical issues. Use relevant examples, case studies, and data to support your arguments. Critical Analysis:  Engage critically with the topic, evaluating different viewpoints and acknowledging the complexities involved. 3. Conclusion: Summarise the key points discussed and reflect on the broader implications of the philosophical debate. End with a statement that ties the philosophical insights back to the practical challenges facing society today, suggesting potential paths forward. Q. Since philosophical essays have become very frequent in UPSC, what would you suggest to aspirants? Preparing for philosophical essay topics in the UPSC Mains requires a balanced approach. An aspirant must combine a solid understanding of philosophical concepts with the ability to apply these ideas to real-world issues. Remember, the key to success in these essays lies in demonstrating how abstract philosophical ideas can illuminate and inform the practical issues we face in everyday life. Subscribe to our  UPSC newsletter  and stay updated with the news cues from the past week. The UPSC articles of  Indian Express  is now on Telegram. Join our Telegram channel-  Indian Express UPSC Hub and stay updated with the latest Updates. For your answers, queries and suggestions write at manas.srivastava@ indianexpress.com . Manas Srivastava is currently working as Senior Copy Editor with The Indian Express (digital) and leads a unique initiative of IE - UPSC Essentials. He majorly writes on UPSC, other competitive exams and education-related projects. In the past, Manas has represented India at the G-20 Youth Summit in Mexico. He is a former member of the Youth Council, GOI. A two-time topper/gold medallist in History (both in graduation and post-graduation) from Delhi University, he has mentored and taught UPSC aspirants for more than four years. His diverse role in The Indian Express consists of writing, editing, anchoring/ hosting, interviewing experts, and curating and simplifying news for the benefit of students. He hosts the YouTube talk show called ‘Art and Culture with Devdutt Pattanaik’ and a LIVE series on Instagram and YouTube called ‘You Ask We Answer’.His talks on ‘How to read a newspaper’ focus on newspaper reading as an essential habit for students. His articles and videos aim at finding solutions to the general queries of students and hence he believes in being students' editor, preparing them not just for any exam but helping them to become informed citizens. This is where he makes his teaching profession meet journalism. He is also the editor of UPSC Essentials' monthly magazine for the aspirants. He is a recipient of the Dip Chand Memorial Award, the Lala Ram Mohan Prize and Prof. Papiya Ghosh Memorial Prize for academic excellence. He was also awarded the University’s Post-Graduate Scholarship for pursuing M.A. in History where he chose to specialise in Ancient India due to his keen interest in Archaeology. He has also successfully completed a Certificate course on Women’s Studies by the Women’s Studies Development Centre, DU. As a part of N.S.S in the past, Manas has worked with national and international organisations and has shown keen interest and active participation in Social Service. He has led and been a part of projects involving areas such as gender sensitisation, persons with disability, helping slum dwellers, environment, adopting our heritage programme. He has also presented a case study on ‘Psychological stress among students’ at ICSQCC- Sri Lanka. As a compere for seminars and other events he likes to keep his orating hobby alive. His interests also lie in International Relations, Governance, Social issues, Essays and poetry. ... Read More government jobs Sarkari Naukri UPSC Civil Services UPSC Civil Services Exam UPSC Essentials The Supreme Court granted bail to Aam Aadmi Party's Vijay Nair in the Delhi excise policy scam case, citing the right to liberty and the principle of bail as the rule. Nair has been in custody for 23 months, with delay in trial being a key factor. This decision follows a similar case involving former Delhi deputy chief minister Manish Sisodia and the involvement of the Enforcement Directorate. UPSC Magazine Read UPSC Magazine Paris Paralympics 2024 Day 5 Live Updates: Yogesh Kathuniya wins India’s 8th medal, with silver in discus throw; Nitesh Kumar’s gold medal match coming up 22 mins ago Paris Paralympics 2024 Day 4 Highlights: Sprinter Preethi bags 2nd bronze, high jumper Nishad makes it back-to-back silvers; Thulasi, Suhas, Nitesh reach badminton finals 12 hours ago Sheetal Devi, Sarita Kumari Paris Paralympics 2024 Highlights: Sheetal loses in last 16; Sarita ousted in QF 2 days ago Paris Paralympics 2024 Day 3 Highlights: Rubina Francis wins India’s 5th medal; Sivarajan-Nithya Sre lose SH6 semifinal; Sheetal, Sarita bow out in archery 1 day ago Best of Express Buzzing Now Sep 02: Latest News 01 10,000 US hotel workers go on strike as contract negotiations stall 02 17 bodies recovered from Russian Mi-8 helicopter crash in Kamchatka 03 Manchester United humbled as Luis Diaz double helps Liverpool humiliate rivals 04 Delhi can expect a rainy Monday, temperatures to dip by end of next week 05 2 dead, 10 injured in Manipur flare-up as police say drones used to deploy RPGs on village Elections 2024 Political Pulse Entertainment Movie Review Newsletters Web Stories Download UPSC EPFO Previous Year Papers of Last 5 Years PDF Download the previous year question papers pdf of EO/AO and APFC posts of UPSC EPFO of the last 5 years. Topics Covered: UPSC EPFO EO & APFC Previous Year Question Papers, UPSC EPFO EO/AO Previous Year Question Paper 2023, UPSC EPFO EO/AO Previous Year Question Paper 2021, UPSC EPFO EO/AO PYQs 2017, UPSC EPFO APFC Previous Year Question Paper 2023, UPSC EPFO APFC Previous Year Question Paper 2015, UPSC EPFO APFC Previous Year Question Paper 2012, UPSC EPFO APFC Previous Year Question Paper 2004, UPSC EPFO APFC PYQs 2002, UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC PYQs with Answers, UPSC EPFO memory based papers, UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC Solved PYQs, UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC PYQ Analysis, Download UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC PYQ PDF. Reviewing the UPSC EPFO previous year questions for the EO/AO and APFC posts is crucial for aspirants to get insights into the exam format, question types, and difficulty level. Analyzing UPSC EPFO PYQs can also help you identify exam trends and recognize the most important topics. This knowledge allows you to align your study material, tailor your preparation strategy, and maximize your chances of success in the UPSC EPFO exam. Download UPSC EPFO Previous Year Papers PDFs Fill below form to download the solved UPSC EPFO PYQs for EO/AO and APFC with answer keys in PDF format. Regulatory Bodies UPSC EPFO Previous Year Paper Analysis At EduTap, our experts have analyzed previous year papers of the UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC exams to identify the most important topics. By referring to this list of important topics during your preparation, you can: Strategically allocate your time to the most important topics. Avoid wasting time on less relevant topics Save time for revision Below, we have mentioned the subject-wise important topics of the UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC exams: UPSC EPFO Important Topics Based on our PYQs analysis, here are the subject-wise important topics of the UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC exams: Important Topics of Quantitative Aptitude for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of quantitative aptitude for the UPSC EPFO exam. Simplification Number series Number system Ratio and proportion Mensuration Profit and loss Simple and compound interest Time and work Time and distance Important Topics of Reasoning Ability for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of reasoning ability for the UPSC EPFO exam. Coding decoding Blood relation Direction sense Previous Year Papers Preparation Sources Important Topics of General English for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of general English for the UPSC EPFO exam. Subject verb agreement Preposition Complex preposition Advance verbs Phrasal verbs Sentence improvement Reading comprehension Synonyms & antonyms Idioms & phrases + one word substitution Important Topics of Current Affairs for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of current affairs for the UPSC EPFO exam. Government schemes Reports/surveys National news Awards and honors Defence news Persons in news Science and technology Days in news Terms in news Important Topics of Indian Polity for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of Indian polity and governance and constitution of India for the UPSC EPFO exam. Regulating act of 1773 Indian council act of 1909 Government of India act of 1919 and 1935 Features of Indian constitution  Preamble of Indian constitution  Fundamental rights  Directive principle of state policy (DPSPs) Emergency In India President of India and governor of state Parliament of India  Supreme court of India Finance commission and its recommendations National human right commission election commission Committees of electoral reforms Panchayati raj institution  Urban local government Scheduled and tribal areas Important Topics of Indian Economy for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of Indian economy for the UPSC EPFO exam. Law of demand and law of supply Movement and shift in the demand curve and supply curve Types of market structure Elasticity of demand – price elasticity, cross elasticity, and income elasticity National income and related aggregates  Concept of inclusive growth, growth versus development, real GDP, nominal GDP, and GDPdeflator Meaning and types of poverty Meaning and types of unemployment Five year plans Economic reforms since 1991   Instruments of monetary policy – quantitative tools and qualitative tools Monetary policy committee (MPC) Components of budget – types of receipts and expenditure Types of government deficit with significance Meaning, tools, and types of fiscal policy Inflation and measurement of inflation – wholesale price index and consumer price index  All about IMF and world bank  All about WTO Regional economic cooperation Meaning and components of balance of payments – current account and capital account Determination of exchange rate – flexible, fixed and managed floating exchange rate Industrial performance – situation and growth of indian industries since independence Special economic zones Important Topics of General Science for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of general science for the UPSC EPFO exam. Kinematics including distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration Dynamics and Newton’s laws of motion Electricity Elements, compounds, and mixtures Atoms and molecules Physical and chemical changes Chemistry in daily life Metals and non-metals Acids and bases Food components Health and diseases Cells and tissues Organ systems – digestive system, skeletal system, muscular system, respiratory system, circulatory system and reproductive system Biotechnology Space technology  Information and nano technology Important Topics of Indian Freedom Struggle for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of Indian freedom struggle for the UPSC EPFO exam. Indian national congress Mahatma Gandhi Important policies & laws by British Important peasant and tribal uprisings Major social reformers Revolutionary leaders Important battles Important Topics of Basics of Computer Applications for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of basics of computer applications for the UPSC EPFO exam. History and generation of computers  Computer organization  Computer memory  Computer hardware  Computer software  Operating system  Computer network  Number system  Microsoft office  Database management system  Computer security  Miscellaneous topics  Important Topics of Industrial Relation, Labor Laws & Labor Codes for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of industrial relation, labor laws, and labor codes for the UPSC EPFO exam. Industrial relations and the constitution of india National commission on labour Theoretical perspectives of industrial relations Conditions influencing an employee’s decision to join trade unions Robert hoxie’s trade unionism Types of trade union Collective bargaining Industrial discipline Methods of discovering grievances Settlement of industrial disputes Labour welfare Workers’ participation in management International labour organisation (ILO) and philadelphia declaration Theories of accidents Different concepts of labour Union security measures/agreements Payment of wages act, 1936 Minimum wages act, 1948 Industrial employment (standing orders) act, 1946 Trade unions act, 1926 Factories act, 1948 Industrial disputes act, 1947 The child and adolescent labour (prohibition and regulation) act, 1986 Inter-state migrant workmen (regulation of employment and conditions of service) act, 1979 Contract labour (regulation and abolition) act, 1970 Payment of bonus act, 1965 Building and other construction workers (regulation of employment and conditions of service) act, 1996 Mines act, 1952 The code on social security, 2020 The code on wages, 2019 The industrial relations code, 2020 The occupational safety, health, and working conditions code, 2020 Important Topics of Social Security for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of social security for the UPSC EPFO exam. Social security schemes Employees compensation act, 1923 Employees’ state insurance act, 1948 Employees’ provident funds and miscellaneous provisions act, 1952 Maternity benefit act, 1961 Payment of gratuity act, 1972 Unorganized workers social security act, 2008 Important Topics of General Accounting Principles for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of general accounting principles for the UPSC EPFO exam. Basics of accounting Preparation of financial statements Ratio analysis Cash flow statement Accounting for share capital transactions Accounting for bonus shares and rights shares Buyback of securities Accounting standard for inventories Accounting standard for revenue recognition Accounting standard for property, plant and equipment Accounting standard for investments Preparation and presentation of company final accounts Accounting for not-for-profit organisation Important Note: The important topics outlined above are for the UPSC EPFO EO/AO and APFC exams. However, the UPSC EPFO APFC exam syllabus includes some additional subjects, important topics of those subjects are mentioned below. Important Topics of Auditing for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of auditing for the UPSC EPFO exam. Nature, objective and scope of auditing Audit strategy, audit planning, and audit programme Risk assessment and internal control Vouching and verification/audit of items of financial items Company audit Auditor’s report Audit of different types of entities Classification of audit Important Topics of Insurance for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of insurance for the UPSC EPFO exam. Basics, history, and features related to the insurance Fundamental principles governing insurance contract  Types and classification of insurance  Difference between life and general insurance  Insurance sector in india  Emerging concepts and products in the insurance sector Important Topics of Population, Development & Globalization for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of population, development and globalization for the UPSC EPFO exam. Growth of population Characteristics of population Concept of human development Information in latest human development report by UNDP Impact of globalisation Important Topics of Indian Culture and Heritage for UPSC EPFO Here are the important topics of Indian culture and heritage for the UPSC EPFO exam. Buddhism & Jainism Caves and temples in India Indian dance styles Indian scriptures UNESCO heritage Archaeology in India Important dynasties in India Bhakti movement Now that you have the UPSC PYQs for EO/AO and APFC in PDF format, you can:  Identify different types of questions and important topics of each subject. Choose the right study material that aligns with the exam requirements. Get familiar with the exam pattern and boost confidence. Identify areas that need improvement and address them accordingly. Anchit Garg, the co-founder, is a consultant turned edupreneur. With an MBA from IMT, Ghaziabad and B.Tech from PEC, Chandigarh, he has more than 7 years of experience in the field of education mentoring aspirants for regulatory bodies and banking exams. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) The chances of PYQs being repeated in the upcoming UPSC EPFO EO/AO and APFC 2024 exam are pretty low. However, that doesn’t mean you should devalue PYQs. They serve an important purpose in understanding the exam pattern and types of questions and identifying important topics. EduTap provides the UPSC EPFO EO/AO and APFC PYQs in English. Yes, you can. This is because the UPSC EPFO EO/AO syllabus forms a core foundation within the UPSC EPFO APFC syllabus. However, it’s important to dedicate additional time to cover the additional topics of the APFC syllabus, such as insurance, statistics, auditing, and population, development and globalization (PDG). The core subjects and topics remain relatively consistent; however, minor variations or updates may occur. It’s essential to review the latest notification of the UPSC EPFO EO/AO and APFC exams for the most accurate and updated syllabus. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Get in Touch Have any query? We’d love to answer them! Fill out the form below. Searching... Indian Society & Social Justice: August 2024 UPSC Current Affairs PDF Download 1 Crore+ students have signed up on EduRev. Have you? GS3/Science and Technology Packed Food and Health Concerns The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) have emphasized the importance of scrutinizing food labels to mitigate health risks. Their latest report offers guidelines for healthy eating practices and cautions against misleading claims found on packaged foods. Key Recommendations for a Healthier Lifestyle Moderation in Consumption: The guidelines highlight the necessity of using oils and fats sparingly while reducing salt and sugar intake. These changes can significantly lower the risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension, and potentially prevent up to 80% of cases related to type 2 diabetes. Exercise and Physical Activity: Regular physical activity, paired with a well-balanced diet, is crucial in preventing obesity and other health issues. Decreased physical activity and the rise in consumption of heavily processed foods contribute to nutrient deficiencies and weight gain. Dietary Diversity and Nutrient Intake: It is advised to obtain macronutrients and micronutrients from at least eight different food groups to ensure a balanced diet, meeting the nutritional needs of individuals across all age groups. Limiting Ultra-Processed Foods: The guidelines stress the need to limit ultra-processed foods in diets, as these items tend to be high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats, leading to health complications and nutrient shortages. Informed Food Choices: Consumers are encouraged to develop the habit of checking food labels to make healthier dietary choices, helping to prevent obesity by steering clear of high-sugar, high-fat, and high-salt products. Avoid Protein Supplements: The guidelines advise against the use of protein supplements for muscle enhancement, noting that they provide only minimal benefits in muscle growth and can lead to adverse effects like bone mineral loss and kidney issues when consumed in excess. How can the Guidelines Benefit Populations? Pregnant Women and New Mothers: Increased access to nutritious foods is vital for the health of both mother and child, decreasing the risk of complications. Infants and Young Children: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months is crucial for optimal physical and cognitive development, followed by the introduction of complementary foods. Children and Adolescents: A balanced diet is essential for learning, growth, and physical activity, contributing to optimal development. Elderly People: Focusing on nutrient-dense foods addresses specific health needs, such as bone health and immune function, thereby enhancing the quality of life. How can Packaged Foods be Misleading? Attention-Grabbing Labels: Many packaged foods utilize labels designed to attract consumers' attention and suggest health benefits, which can be deceptive. 'Natural' Claims: Foods labeled as 'natural' may still contain preservatives and artificial colors, creating confusion among consumers. Terms like "natural," "organic," and "sugar-free" can be vague and misleading. True organic products should not contain any preservatives or artificial substances and should carry the 'Jaivik Bharat' logo, which is regulated by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). Packaged Juice Labels: FSSAI regulations allow juices with as little as 10% natural fruit to be marketed as made from real pulp or juice, potentially misleading consumers about their actual content. Fruit Ripening: The use of calcium carbide for ripening fruits poses health risks, as it releases acetylene gas, which contains harmful substances like arsenic and phosphorus, leading to various health issues. This practice has been banned, and only ethylene gas is permitted for fruit ripening. Contamination of Chemical: Recent bans on certain Indian spice mixes in Nepal, Singapore, and Hong Kong due to suspected ethylene oxide contamination raise significant public health concerns regarding misleading packaging. Whole Grain Misrepresentation: Some products may claim to contain whole grains but actually consist mainly of refined grains, misleading consumers about their nutritional value. Way Forward Standardisation of Terminology: Clear definitions and standardized usage of terms like "natural," "organic," and "sugar-free" are essential to prevent consumer confusion. Labels should clearly disclose all processing methods and potential contaminants. Nutritional Literacy: Integrating nutritional education into school curricula can help foster the habit of reading food labels and making informed choices from an early age. Taxation and Subsidies: Implementing taxes on ultra-processed foods while providing subsidies for whole foods can make healthier dietary options more accessible and affordable. Mobile Applications: Developing apps that scan product barcodes to provide detailed nutritional analyses and health ratings can assist consumers in making informed dietary decisions. Meal Planning Tools: Evidence-based dietary guidelines tailored to the Indian population should be created and made available, along with meal planning resources to encourage healthy eating habits. Health Policies: These guidelines align with the goals of the National Nutrition Policy and support government initiatives aimed at promoting holistic nutrition and health. Encouragement of local farmers' markets and kitchen gardens can also improve access to fresh produce. Drishti Mains Question: Q. Discuss the implications of deceptive practices in packaged foods, including misleading labels, on public health outcomes and assess the effectiveness of initiatives aimed at promoting balanced nutrition. GS2/Governance Hooch Tragedy in Kallakurichi Recently, a tragic event occurred in North Tamil Nadu where 39 individuals lost their lives after consuming hooch contaminated with methanol. Many others remain in critical condition, leading to fears that the death toll may rise further, marking this incident as one of the most severe hooch tragedies in recent history. Signs of danger were evident following a previous hooch incident in 2023 in Marakkanam and Madhuranthakam, where industrial methanol was reportedly diverted for illicit alcohol production. Family members of the deceased highlighted the easy access to inexpensive hooch in their area, noting that local moonshine is priced significantly lower than store-bought alcohol. Many locals, struggling with irregular incomes as daily wage workers and facing rising liquor prices at TASMAC shops, have turned to local brews. The Tamil Nadu Prohibition Enforcement Wing is responsible for addressing these issues, but serious action is needed. In response to the tragedy, the state government has taken steps against district officials and established a one-man committee to investigate the incident. The Chief Minister announced a financial support of ₹10 lakh for the families of the deceased and ₹50,000 for those hospitalized. The CB-CID has initiated an investigation into the matter. Despite these measures being implemented post-tragedy, they may be viewed as insufficient and delayed. Methanol, a highly toxic substance, is often mixed into moonshine to enhance its potency, leading to severe health risks such as liver failure, blindness, and even death. In the past, the introduction of low-cost liquor sales through TASMAC in 2002 helped reduce deaths related to hooch. Despite regulations limiting methanol supply, it appears to be still accessible, raising concerns about enforcement and public safety. To prevent further tragedies, the government must decisively shut down illegal brewing operations and enhance public health awareness regarding the dangers of consuming hooch. Effective governance requires proactive strategies to avert incidents like the Kallakurichi hooch tragedy. This involves stringent law enforcement, fostering public health awareness, and eliminating illicit brewing activities. Mains Question: Q. Assess the public health impact of methanol poisoning from illicit alcohol. What strategies should the government adopt to prevent such incidents? (10 Marks, 150 Words) UPSC Daily Editorials UPSC Daily Current Affairs Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store Check out previous years papers from pw store. UPSC Test Series 2024 Daily Current Affairs Quiz Daily Main Answer Writing Check Out UPSC CSE Books From PW Store Maternity Leave for Surrogates Recently, the Government has announced an amendment to the Central Civil Services (Leave) Rules, 1972, which allows maternity leave and additional benefits for government employees who have children through surrogacy. This change aims to fill the existing gap in leave policies for government employees choosing surrogacy. What are the Provisions of Notified Amended Rules? Maternity Leave for Surrogate and Commissioning Mothers: Women government employees who have children via surrogacy can now take 180 days of maternity leave. This provision is applicable to both the surrogate mother and the commissioning mother (the intended mother) if they have less than two surviving children. Paternity Leave for Commissioning Fathers: The new regulations also provide 15 days of paternity leave to the "commissioning father" (the intended father) who is a male government employee with fewer than two surviving children. This leave can be taken within six months of the child's birth. Child Care Leave for Commissioning Mothers: Additionally, the commissioning mother with fewer than two surviving children is entitled to childcare leave according to the existing provisions of the Central Civil Services (Leave) Rules. What is Surrogacy and Related Regulation? About: Surrogacy involves a woman carrying and giving birth to a child for another couple, intending to hand over the child post-delivery. This practice is only allowed for altruistic reasons, particularly for couples facing infertility or health issues. Commercial surrogacy, including practices like sale or exploitation, is prohibited. A child born through surrogacy is legally recognized as the biological child of the couple. Abortion Regulations: The abortion of a fetus conceived through surrogacy is permitted only with the surrogate mother's consent and in accordance with the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 2021. Criteria for Surrogacy: Couples wishing to engage in surrogacy must be married for at least five years. The wife should be aged between 25-50 years, while the husband should be between 26-55 years. They must not have any living children unless those children have significant disabilities or life-threatening illnesses. Couples are required to present eligibility and essentiality certificates and obtain a court order for parentage and custody of the child. They must also provide insurance for the surrogate for 16 months. Criteria for Surrogate Mother: The surrogate must be a close relative of the couple, married, with her own child, aged between 25-35, and should have previously been a surrogate only once. She is also required to provide a medical and psychological fitness certificate. Regulation: National Surrogacy Board: This board, along with State Surrogacy Boards, is tasked with overseeing surrogacy clinics and ensuring compliance with established standards. Prohibitions: The act forbids practices such as commercial surrogacy, embryo selling, and any form of exploitation or abandonment of surrogate mothers or their children. Violations of these regulations can result in imprisonment for up to ten years and a fine of Rs. 10 lakh. Assisted Reproductive Technology Surrogacy (Regulation) Act 2021 High Court Struck Down Bihar 65% Quota Rule Recently, the Patna High Court invalidated the Bihar government's initiative to raise the reservation quota from 50% to 65% for Backward Classes (BC), Extremely Backward Classes (EBC), Scheduled Castes (SC), and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in educational institutions and government jobs. This decision has sparked significant debate regarding the legal boundaries of reservation policies in India. In November 2023, the Bihar government issued notifications to elevate the quota for marginalized castes from 50% to 65%. This decision was influenced by a caste-based survey indicating a need for increased representation of BC, EBC, SC, and ST communities. The Bihar Assembly unanimously passed the Bihar Reservation Amendment Bill in November 2023 to enact this 65% quota. A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) challenged the Bihar government's decision to exceed the 50% reservation limit. The Patna High Court determined that the 65% quota contravened the 50% cap established by the Supreme Court in the Indira Sawhney case (1992). The court asserted that the state’s decision was not justified by "adequate representation" in government jobs but was instead based on population proportions. It noted that the combined total of reservations, including the 10% quota for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS), would push the total to 75%, which is unconstitutional. Bihar has the lowest per capita income in India (below USD 800 annually), which is only 30% of the national average. The state experiences the highest fertility rate and only 12% of its population resides in urban areas, compared to the national average of 35%. Bihar also has the lowest college density in the country, with a considerable portion of its population living below the poverty line. SC, ST, and Backward Classes make up 84.46% of Bihar's population, yet their representation in government jobs and education is not proportional. Implement recommendations from the Right to Education (RTE) Forum to enhance early childhood development and improve teacher training. Shift towards interactive and technology-based learning methods. Develop skill-building programs that align with the demands of growing industries. Encourage entrepreneurship through initiatives like the Single-window Investment Promotion Board (SIPB) to attract businesses and foster a vibrant job market. Invest in improved irrigation systems to manage floods and droughts. Develop a robust transport network to connect rural and urban areas. Promote women's education, skill development, and financial inclusion to increase their workforce participation and achieve greater social equality. Enforce laws more stringently to promote social harmony. Reservation is a form of positive discrimination aimed at promoting equality among marginalized sections and protecting them from social and historical injustices. This policy provides preferential treatment to marginalized groups in employment and education, originally designed to rectify years of discrimination and uplift disadvantaged communities. Aspect Pros Cons Social Justice Provides opportunities for historically disadvantaged groups (SCs, STs). May perpetuate the caste system. Meritocracy Encourages excellence within reserved categories. Can lead to the selection of less qualified candidates over more qualified general category candidates. Creamy Layer Exclusion attempts to target the most disadvantaged. Defining and identifying the creamy layer can be challenging. Economic Upliftment Reservation in education can enhance job prospects for reserved categories. Does not directly address economic disparities. Part XVI of the Constitution addresses the reservation of seats in Central and State legislatures. Article 15 allows the State to make provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes. Article 16 provides for positive discrimination in government jobs. Recent amendments have allowed for reservations in promotions and for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS). Upheld the constitutionality of 27% reservation for OBCs, establishing a ceiling of 50% for reservations. Introduced conditional extensions of the "creamy layer" concept to SC/ST for promotions. The Supreme Court ruled that states do not need to collect quantifiable data to prove the backwardness of SC/ST communities for implementing reservations. Challenged the 103rd Constitutional Amendment, which was upheld, allowing for economic-based reservations alongside existing social reservations. Encourage a merit-based system with some relaxation in qualifying marks for SC/ST/OBC candidates in promotions. Assess the current representation of SC/ST/OBCs to establish targets for filling reservation quotas. Acknowledge concerns regarding unqualified candidates and propose training programs to bridge skill gaps. Emphasize that reservations are a temporary measure aimed at achieving long-term social justice and equal opportunity. Critically analyse the role of the reservation policy in promoting social justice and equality, as well as its challenges and limitations. Suggest measures to make the system more effective and equitable. Global Initiative on Digital Health The Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), which operates under the Ministry of Finance, has declined to approve India's proposed contribution of USD 10 million to the Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH). What is the Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH)? Overview: GIDH is a collaborative network consisting of various organizations, institutions, and governmental technical agencies that focus on facilitating the digital transformation of health systems worldwide. Management: This initiative is overseen by the World Health Organization (WHO). Objectives: Its goals include evaluating and prioritizing the needs for a sustainable digital health transformation, as well as aligning digital health resources with unmet priorities. Launch: GIDH was introduced during India's G20 Presidency at the Health Ministers' meeting in Gujarat in August 2023. It was included in the New Delhi declaration, where India committed to contributing USD 10 million as an initial funding source. The official launch occurred in February 2024. Components of GIDH: Country Needs Tracker: This mechanism is designed to identify and monitor the digital health requirements of various countries. Country Resource Portal: A comprehensive map that outlines the available digital health resources within each participating country. Transformation Toolbox: A collection of quality-assured digital tools aimed at facilitating health transformation efforts. Knowledge Exchange: This component fosters the sharing of knowledge among all nations involved in the initiative. Similar Initiatives: Presidency Prevention, Preparedness Response (PPR) Financial Intermediary Fund (FIF): This initiative was also launched during the G20 Presidency by Indonesia, which contributed USD 50 million as part of the initial proposal. GS3/Environment Greening the Education Sector Recently, two new tools were launched: the Greening Curriculum Guidance (GCG) and the Green School Quality Standards (GSQS) under the Greening Education Partnership. The Greening Education Partnership is a global initiative involving 80 member states that adopts a comprehensive approach to assist countries in addressing the climate crisis through education. The goal is to transform at least 50% of educational institutions—schools, colleges, and universities—into Green Schools by 2030, equipping learners to actively engage in sustainability initiatives. Additionally, the partnership seeks to establish a green national curriculum in 90% of countries by 2030. This initiative is built around four main pillars of transformative education that align with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 4.7: Greening schools Greening curriculum Greening teacher training and education systems’ capacities Greening communities A recent UNESCO study revealed that 70% of the youth surveyed expressed limited knowledge of climate change based on their school education. Furthermore, research on the integration of climate change in national curriculum frameworks across 100 countries uncovered significant challenges, with nearly 47% of the curricula not addressing climate change. According to UNESCO, a Green School is defined as an educational institution that is committed to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), particularly focusing on climate change. Holistic Education: This involves fostering overall development by promoting critical thinking, creativity, self-awareness, empathy, and ethical values among students. It emphasizes personalized, experiential learning, interdisciplinary approaches, and community engagement to effectively tackle climate change. Sustainability Practices: Green Schools adopt sustainable practices in energy management, water usage, waste handling, canteen operations, and schoolyard design, thereby minimizing their environmental impact and promoting the health of students and staff. Sense of Responsibility: Integrating ESD into the curriculum aims to cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and a sense of global citizenship in students. Alignment with Comprehensive School Safety Framework (CSSF): The Green School Quality Standards integrate safety, resilience, and sustainability within educational environments, following the Global Alliance for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience in the Education Sector's CSSF launched for 2022-2030. Lack of Comprehensive Sustainability Policies: Despite some efforts to promote sustainability, India currently lacks a cohesive national policy framework that mandates the integration of environmental sustainability principles across all educational levels. Infrastructure Deficiencies: Many educational institutions, especially in rural and semi-urban regions, lack essential infrastructure, hindering the implementation of sustainable practices. Limited Integration of Sustainability in Curricula: Although environmental studies are included in many school curricula, broader sustainability concepts and practices are not sufficiently incorporated into mainstream subjects. Inadequate Teacher Training and Professional Development: To effectively teach sustainability, educators need to be well-versed in environmental principles and teaching methodologies. However, many teacher training programs do not provide adequate resources or training in these areas. Limited Availability of Green Building Materials and Technologies: The transition to sustainable building materials and technologies in India's construction sector is ongoing, and challenges like higher costs and limited availability hinder the adoption of eco-friendly practices in educational institutions, particularly in more remote areas. Eco-Influencer Campaigns: Utilizing social media influencers and student leaders to increase awareness of sustainability and inspire eco-friendly behaviors through engaging content and campaigns aimed at the student community. Green Pedagogy Workshops: Hosting workshops and training sessions for educators to explore effective teaching methods for integrating sustainability concepts, including project-based and experiential learning. Sustainability-Linked Procurement Policy: Encouraging schools to use energy-efficient appliances and promote eco-friendly purchases, such as recycled paper notebooks, to reduce environmental impact and instill responsible consumer behavior among students. Environmental Entrepreneurship Competitions: Organizing competitions for students to devise innovative solutions to local environmental issues, fostering creativity, problem-solving skills, and a spirit of green innovation. Examine the significance of greening the education sector in promoting sustainability. What measures can be adopted to effectively implement this in India? Top Courses for UPSC Last updated shortcuts and tricks Video lectures, previous year questions with solutions, indian society & social justice: august 2024 upsc current affairs, sample paper, objective type questions, past year papers, semester notes, practice quizzes, extra questions, study material, viva questions, important questions, mock tests for examination. Indian Society & Social Justice: August 2024 UPSC Current Affairs Free PDF Download Importance of indian society & social justice: august 2024 upsc current affairs, indian society & social justice: august 2024 upsc current affairs notes, indian society & social justice: august 2024 upsc current affairs upsc questions, study indian society & social justice: august 2024 upsc current affairs on the app. cation olution Join the 10M+ students on EduRev Welcome Back Create your account for free. Forgot Password Unattempted tests, change country, practice & revise. CDS Syllabus 2024: PDF Download for Subject Wise Important Topics, Check Exam Pattern Cds syllabus 2024: the union public service commission cds exam includes subjects like general knowledge, english and elementary mathematics. the examination is conducted to recruit eligible candidates for ma, ina, afa and ota. check out the exam pattern here and d ownload the syllabus pdf for cds 1 and 2.. CDS Syllabus 2024: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) CDS 2 syllabus 2024 is scheduled on September 1, 2024. Candidates who are going to attempt the examination must be well-acquainted with the latest syllabus and exam pattern before commencing their preparation. The CDS syllabus is divided into various subjects, i.e., English, General Knowledge, and Elementary Mathematics. Apart from knowing the exam syllabus, candidates should also check the CDS exam pattern to understand the exam requirements in a detailed manner. The UPSC CDS syllabus acts as a roadmap for preparation. So, aspirants are advised to decide their study schedule based on the latest syllabus and requirements. CDS 2 Syllabus 2024 Cds 2 syllabus 2024 overview. CDS 2 Syllabus PDF CDS Syllabus 2024 for English The CDS English question paper will be designed to test the candidates’ understanding of English and their workmanlike use of words. Check out the list of important topics in the CDS syllabus 2024 for the English section shared below. Direct and indirect speech Sentence improvement Rearrangement of sentences Grammar and usage Fill in the blanks Comprehension passages Active and passive voices Jumbled sentences Error spotting Synonyms and antonyms Idioms and phrases CDS Syllabus 2024 for General Knowledge UPSC CDS general knowledge comprises knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific subject. The CDS syllabus 2024 for general knowledge covers questions on the history of India, the geography of nature, and events of national and international importance Awards and honours Books and authors Major developments in the fields of politics Social issues. Ancient, mediaeval, and modern Indian history Indian national movement Growth of nationalism. Physical geography, Indian geography, and world geography. Indian Polity and Governance Economic and Social Development Science and Technology Environmental Ecology and Biodiversity Defence and Security Issues CDS Syllabus 2024 for Elementary Mathematics CDS Syllabus 2024 for SSB Intelligence and Personality Test Stage I comprises officer intelligence rating (OIR) tests and picture perception description tests (PP&DT). The candidates will be shortlisted based on a combination of performance in the OIR Test and PP&DT. Stage II comprises interviews, group testing officer tasks, psychology tests, and the conference. These tests will last for four days. The details of these tests are given on the website, www.joinindianarmy.nic.in . CDS Exam Pattern 2024 The SSB for CDS will be conducted for five in the academy, which will carry 300 marks. The SSB is the crucial part of the selection procedure, which will have Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) tests and Picture perception description tests (PP&DT). This procedure emphasises the candidate's overall personality traits and suitability for the armed forces. It is required to evaluate candidates ability as officers in the Indian Armed Forces.  How to Cover UPSC CDS Syllabus 2024? Familiarity with the UPSC CDS syllabus 2024 will help them know about the topics that can be asked in the exam.  Choose the best books and online resources to gain conceptual clarity on all the topics important from the exam perspective. Attempt mock tests and UPSC CDS previous year's question papers to check their preparation level. Revise all the topics, formulas, and short-cut techniques frequently to improve their calculator speed and accuracy. Best Books for UPSC CDS Syllabus 2024 Objective General English by SP Bakshi General Awareness by Manohar Panday (Arihant Publications) Quantitative Aptitude for Competitive Examinations by R.S. Aggarwal Get here latest School , CBSE and Govt Jobs notification and articles in English and Hindi for Sarkari Naukari , Sarkari Result and Exam Preparation . Download the Jagran Josh Sarkari Naukri App . What is the UPSC CDS Syllabus 2024? + The CDS syllabus 2024 is divided into various subjects, i.e. English, General Knowledge, and Elementary Mathematics. Is there any negative marking in the UPSC CDS 2024 Exam? + Yes. A negative marking of 1/3rd mark will be applicable for each incorrect answer in the UPSC CDS exam. What is the UPSC CDS exam pattern? + As per the UPSC CDS exam pattern, the written exam comprises objective-type questions for 300 marks for the Indian Military Academy, Indian Naval Academy, and Air Force Academy and 200 marks for the Officers’ Training Academy. The exam duration will be 2 hours for each subject. How to prepare for the UPSC CDS Syllabus 2024? + To excel in the UPSC CDS exam, one should adhere to the UPSC CDS syllabus, clear basic concepts and practice unlimited mock tests to obtain favourable results in the exam. India Post GDS Merit List 2024 NDA Question Paper 2024 RBI Grade B Admit Card 2024 UP Police Constable Admit Card 2024 SSC CGL Admit Card 2024 UP Police Constable Question Paper 2024 PDF CDS Question Paper 2024 RRB NTPC Recruitment 2024 Sri Krishna Janmashtami Wishes in Hindi Police / Paramilitary Force Jobs Latest Education News भारत के 8 केंद्र शासित प्रदेश और उनकी राजधानियां, यहां जानें Brain Teaser: High IQ Logical Reasoning Puzzle—Who’s the Safest? (Updated) Paris Paralympics 2024 India Medal Tally, Check Total Medals Count List Crossword Puzzle: Solve this Puzzle in 99 Seconds, Clue Inside Paris Paralympics 2024 India Medals list: किन भारतीयों ने जीते मेडल,पढ़ें सबके नाम Unified Pension Scheme: लाभ, पात्रता, न्यूनतम पेंशन राशि, पेंशन कैलकुलेटर सहित सभी डिटेल्स यहां देखें Scotland Women’s ICC T20 World Cup Squad 2024: Players Names and Role UPSC Current Affairs Quiz 02 September 2024- Digital Agriculture Mission Today Current Affairs One Liners: 02 September 2024- New Flag & Insignia Of Supreme Court Today Current Affairs Hindi One Liners: 02 सितंबर 2024- नितेश कुमार ने भारत दिलाया गोल्ड Husband Transfers Top State Post to Wife: A Unique Top Bureaucracy Story of Kerala List of the Top 10 Most Dangerous Places in the World SSC CPO Result 2024 OUT at ssc.gov.in: Download Tier 1 Merit List PDF, Cutoff Here UP Police Constable Result 2024: जानें कब आएगा यूपी पुलिस रिजल्ट, ऐसे कर सकेंगे चेक Optical Illusion: Only eagle eyes can spot the number 5 in 7 seconds! MPPSC MO Recruitment 2024 for 895 Vacancies, Apply at mppsc.nic.in SJVN, Solar Energy, NHPC, and RailTel Gain Navratna Status; Shares Surge Up to 5% Today’s School Assembly News Headlines (3rd September): 27 Dead in Andhra, Telangana Rain Fury: Houses Submerged, Crops Damaged, Jammu Army Base Attacked from Outside, One Army Jawan Injured and More Madhya Pradesh MP Board Class 12 Subject Wise Syllabus 2024-25: Download Detailed Syllabus PDF! Difference between Leopard and Cheetah Official Website of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania The .gov means its official. Local, state, and federal government websites often end in .gov. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania government websites and email systems use "pennsylvania.gov" or "pa.gov" at the end of the address. Before sharing sensitive or personal information, make sure you're on an official state website.  Marriage and Divorce Statistics View the most recent report of state and county  marriage and divorce statistics  (PDF). Important: Please note that the marriage and divorce statistics shown here are occurrences and do not reflect the actual state or county of residence of either party. More-detailed breakouts, which are not available from the Pennsylvania Department of Health, may be available through the county courthouse where the event occurred. Check the  county courthouse listing for contact information . Historical reports Use the search below for previous years archived reports ., additional information, sort & filter. 286 IMAGES UPSC MAINS 2017 Civil Services Essay Paper upsc mains 2020 essay paper upsc civil services mains exam 2020 UPSC Essay Previous Years Question Paper with Solutions: Free Download! UPSC Essay 2021 UPSC Mains 2023 Essay Topics with Solution and Examples, Get PDF UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper 2021 [Latest] VIDEO 3 Sources for Essay! UPSC Essay Conclusion कैसे लिखते हैं Strategy For UPSC 2024 By Trijya Ma'am Last 10 years Previous Year Questions on History & Culture UPSC Essay topics Important Area. #upscpreparation #dreamlbsnaa #upsc2023 UPSC CSE Prelims 2023 UPSC Essay Writing Techniques & Tips by Ruchika Ma'am #upsc #essay #shorts COMMENTS UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 30 years (1993-2022) In the UPSC mains examination, essay paper is worth 250 marks and three hours. Here is the topic wise questions from the earlier years for the benefit of civil service IAS IPS aspirants. 1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture. 1.1 India Since Independence. 1.2 Federalism, Decentralization. Essay Previous Year Papers Essay Previous Year Papers. This just in: UPSC CSE Notification 2024 Mains Marathon 2024 UPSC IFoS Prelims Result 2024 UPSC CSE Prelims Result 2024 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT (Answer Key) Revised Answer Key UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 UPSC Calendar 2025 Final Result - Civil Services Examination 2023 UPSC ... [Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper with last 28 YEARS ... 2020's Essay Paper in linear/sequential format. UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-A. UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-B. Topic wise Essays of last 28 years (1993-2020) 1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture. 1.1 India Since Independence. 1.2 Federalism, Decentralization. 1.3 Administration. Essay UPSC Topic wise Previous Year Questions (1993-2023) The importance of practicing Essay Papers from previous year questions (PYQ) topic-wise, with the aim of achieving high marks for a better rank in the UPSC Civil Services Examination, cannot be overstated. The Essay Paper in UPSC CSE Mains carries a weightage of 250 marks. Therefore, the percentage of total marks covered by the Essay Paper is ... Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994 In this article, we have listed all the essay topics asked in the UPSC mains exam from 1994 to 2018. We have also classified the last 25 years essay questions into topics to make your preparation easier. Latest - See the UPSC Essay Topics in the IAS Mains 2020 Essay Paper. Download UPSC Mains 2020 Essay Paper from the linked article. UPSC Essay Previous Years Question Paper with Solutions: Free Download! UPSC Essay Previous Year Question Papers with Solutions. Download the last 10 Years of UPSC Essay Previous Year Papers, know their benefits & steps to download. ... The UPSC Essay exam needs candidates who can develop an in-depth understanding of various topics and can represent versatility with clarity. UPSC Mains has an individual essay paper ... Essay (UPSC Mains) 2021. Philosophical. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. The real is rational and the rational is real. Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. Last 25 Years UPSC Mains Question Papers With Answers PDF A great resource for applicants getting ready for your UPSC Mains exam is the Last 25 years of UPSC mains question papers with answers PDF.The applicants will benefit from understanding the topics covered in the primary syllabus, the types of questions, and the weightage given to each area by using the UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Papers.Using the direct links provided, you can find ... UPSC: Essay (Compulsory) DOWNLOAD UPSC MAINS GS 10 Year PAPERS PDF DOWNLOAD UPSC PRE GS 10 Year PAPERS PDF DOWNLOAD UPSC MAINS GS SOLVED PAPERS PDF. Year - 2017. Year - 2016. Year - 2015. Year - 2014. Year - 2013. Year - 2012. ... (Download) UPSC, IAS MAINS Exam Previous... Getting Started for UPSC, IAS Exam - FAQ for... Upsc Mains Previous Year Papers (Topic Wise) THE HINDU, YOJANA, PIB PDF ; New! UPSC PRELIM Papers 2004-2024; IAS परीक्षा पेपर in Hindi 2004-2024; UPSC Syllabus PDF Download; New! IAS MAINS Papers 2010-2023; PDF Study Notes for UPSC (Hot!) E-books PDF Download NCERT Books Download | NCERT Hindi PDF; New! UPSC MAINS SOLVED PAPERS PDF; OLD NCERT PDF UPSC 2024 Exam Calendar Important UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years: Download PDF Important UPSC Essay Topics from Previous Years: Download PDF. The judiciary, economics, society, government policies, geography, science and technology, and federalism are some areas for UPSC essay topics. Students have to answer 1 essay topic from Sections A and B. The UPSC Essay Topics 2023 are segmented into two sections - Section A and B ... UPSC Essay Topics Previous Year UPSC Essay Topics. Practising previous year's essay topics will help you become familiar with the UPSC exam pattern, word limit, and the types of essay questions frequently asked in the Mains Examination. Analysing past essay topics will also allow you to identify recurring themes and trends, enabling you to prioritise their ... UPSC Previous Year Question Papers: Prelims And Mains Paper PDF UPSC Previous Year Questions Papers - Download PDF! Topic Wise Compilation of UPSC Previous Year Questions (PYQs). These Booklets also contain Model Answers of all the PYQs. UPSC Mains 2023 Model Answers. UPSC Mains GS Paper 1 Model Answers. UPSC Mains GS Paper 2 Model Answers. UPSC Mains GS Paper 3 Model Answers. Previous Year Question Papers EOP for PwD Employees of UPSC; Directory; Museum; Virtual Tour of Museum; Examination . Calendar; Active Examinations; ... Previous Year Question Papers. Search Exam Name . Apply. Year: 2024. ... Combined SO (Gr B) LDCE Year 2021 - 2022 : Paper - I (For Year - 2021 - 2022) ... UPSC Previous Years Question Paper PDF with Answers The UPSC previous year questions have also been segregated year-wise to make it easy for IAS aspirants. Below, we have provided the last 10 years UPSC question papers with answers PDF to strategize, revise, and get helpful insights towards your preparation. These papers are essential tools to help you improve your efficiency in clearing the ... Essay Paper UPSC 2023 (Mains) Question Paper and Analysis Essay Question Paper: UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2023. The question paper of the UPSC CSE mains essay paper is provided here. Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each: UPSC CSE 2025: Study Plan ⇓. (1) ⇒ UPSC 2025: Prelims cum Mains. Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994 In this article, we have compiled all the essay topics that have been asked in the UPSC mains exam from 1994 to 2018. We have further categorized the essay questions from the last 25 years into various topics to facilitate your preparation. Update - Check out the Essay Topics in the IAS Mains 2020 Essay Paper. UPSC Previous Year Question Paper, Prelims & Mains PYQ's PDF UPSC Previous Year Question Paper. UPSC previous year question papers offer a window into the variety of question types that the Commission employs. UPSC Questions are designed to test candidates' analytical, problem-solving, and decision-making abilities. These may include multiple-choice questions, essay-type questions, and those requiring ... UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Compilations PDF [2013-19] 26 Years UPSC Previous Papers Solved MCQ by Disha Publication 11th Edition PDF Ancient Indian History by RS Sharma PDF [Old NCERT] Shankar IAS Environment 8th Edition PDF UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Pdf Download 2021 Today we are sharing UPSC Mains Essay Previous Year Questions Pdf Download 2021. The previous year's question paper lays the foundation for strengthening further preparation. We have tried arranging the paper topic wise eg. ... Write an essay on any one of the following topics: 200. 1. In the context of Gandhiji's views on the matter ... Raus IAS Mains Compass of Modern History Notes PDF If you don't have access to UPSC Prelims material and UPSC Mains material and UPSC Optionals material and Test Series [Prelims/Mains] and also Magazine you can also follow their website and be updated. All PDF which are provided here are for Education purposes only. Please utilize them for building your knowledge and don't make them Commercial. UPSC Essays Simplified Is it so? In the past few years, the Essay paper of UPSC CSE has started focussing on philosophical quotes. This shift in trend has become a big challenge for aspirants in their UPSC journey. With UPSC Mains 2024 just a few days away, you might be still worried about your strategies for tackling the philosophical quotes based essays. In UPSC ... PDF Indian Economy Notes Vajiram Written Notes Upsc Ias / Rakesh kumar (Free Sample) 27 Years UPSC IAS-IPS Prelims Topic-wise Solved Papers 1 & 2 (1995 - 2021) 12th Edition Mrunal ... 5 Practice sets and 2 Previous Years solved Papers sets for thorough practice. 8. The ... Notes Upsc Ias PDF? There are several ways to create a PDF: Use software like Adobe Acrobat, Microsoft Word, or ... Download UPSC EPFO Previous Year Papers of Last 5 Years PDF Download the previous year question papers pdf of EO/AO and APFC posts of UPSC EPFO of the last 5 years. Skip to content +91 8146207241 [email protected]. Exams Menu Toggle. ... Below, we have mentioned the subject-wise important topics of the UPSC EPFO EO/AO & APFC exams: UPSC EPFO Important Topics. CDS 2 Question Paper 2024, Download English, GK, Maths ... UPSC CDS 2 General Knowledge Question Paper 2024 PDF. UPSC CDS 2 Exam 2024 was conducted on 1st September 2024 in offline mode. After the conclusion of the exam, candidates can carry their question papers with them. Links are given in the table below, by clicking on which you can download UPSC CDS Question Paper 2024 PDF set-wise. Indian Society & Social Justice: August 2024 UPSC Current Affairs PDF Check Out Previous Years Papers From PW Store. UPSC Test Series 2024. Daily Current Affairs Quiz. ... past year papers, pdf , mock tests for examination, ... These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparation more efficient and effective. ... NDA 2 Question Paper 2024, Download GAT and Maths Question Paper As the NDA 2 2024 written examination has concluded, candidates can now access the official question papers for both NDA Mathematics and NDA General Ability Test (GAT) 2024. By downloading these papers from the links provided in the article, candidates can gain valuable insights into the exam's structure, difficulty level, and the specific topics covered in the NDA 2 2024 exam. CDS Syllabus 2024: PDF Download for Subject Wise Important Topics Attempt mock tests and UPSC CDS previous year's question papers to check their preparation level. Revise all the topics, formulas, and short-cut techniques frequently to improve their calculator ... Marriage and Divorce Statistics View the most recent report of state and county marriage and divorce statistics (PDF). Important: ;Please note that the marriage and divorce statistics shown here are occurrences and do not reflect the actual state or county of residence of either party.<br> </p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>More-detailed breakouts, which are not available from the Pennsylvania Department of Health, may be available ... assignment essay homework paper phd report review speech thesis